Muscle Lecture Test Questions – Set 4
1.
The force exerted against a muscle, which it resists:
a. load
b. tetanus
c. treppe
d. tension
e. contramechanus
2.
An example of isotonic contraction would be:
a. pushing against a brick wall
b. maintaining a standing position
c. supporting a weight in one's hand in a fixed position
d. clenching one's jaws
e. none of the above
3.
An example of isotonic contraction would be:
a. depressing (lowering) the mandible
b. abducting the leg
c. adducting the leg
d. bending over, touching one's toes
e. all of the above
4.
An example of isotonic contraction would be:
a. flexing the forearm
b. extending the forearm
c. rotating the head
d. depressing (lowering) the mandible
e. all of the above
5.
An example of isotonic contraction would be:
a. flexing of the forearm
b. extending the forearm
c. flexing the leg
d. extending the leg
e. all of the above
6.
An example of isometric contraction would be:
a. flexing the forearm
b. extending the forearm
c. maintaining a standing position
d. rotating the head
e. all of the above
7.
An example of isometric contraction would be:
a. flexing the forearm
b. extending the forearm
c. maintaining a standing position
Summer 2015
BI-204 – Muscle Questions – Set 4
d. rotating the head
e. flexing the leg
8.
An example of isometric contraction would be:
a. pushing against a brick wall
b. lowering (depressing) the mandible
c. abducting the leg
d. adducting the leg
e. bending over, touching one's toes
9.
Fast muscle fibers:
a. have few capillaries
b. develop the greatest tension
c. only respire by fermentation
d. contain little myoglobin
e. all of the above
10.
Intermediate muscle fibers:
a. have few capillaries
b. develop the most tension
c. only respire by fermentation
d. contain very little myoglobin
e. none of the above
11.
The all-or-none law applies to:
a. muscle fibers
b. whole muscles
c. only skeletal muscle
d. only cardiac muscle
e. only smooth muscle
12.
The all-or-none response to a single threshold depolarization, is:
a. summation
b. tetany
c. twitch
d. latency
e. treppe
13.
The contractile response of a muscle fiber to a single threshold stimulus:
a. twitch
b. tetany
c. treppe
d. summation
e. synergism
BI-204 – Muscle Questions – Set 4
14.
The shortest of the following is:
a. muscle twitch
b. contraction
c. relaxation
d. latent period
e. none of these, since they are of the same duration
15.
The longest of the following is:
a. latent period
b. contraction
c. relaxation
d. muscle twitch
e. none of these, since they are of the same duration
16.
The latent period:
a. occurs at the peak of contraction
b. is the period of excitation-contraction coupling, before contraction
c. initiates relaxation
d. occurs just before relaxation
e. occurs just after relaxation
17.
The force exerted by a muscle from its fibers' contraction:
a. load
b. tetanus
c. tension
d. treppe
e. promechanus
18.
Wave summation:
a. is an exception to the all-or-none law
b. involves more fibers of a muscle as it proceeds
c. is the addition of part of a contraction to succeeding ones, with only partial relaxation
between
d. is a series of simple twitches
e. none of the above
19.
Greater strength of muscle contraction via an increased number of active motor units is:
a. wave summation
b. recruitment
c. tone
d. tetany
e. triad
20.
Of the following, the greatest amount of contraction would be produced, and maintained,
by a muscle:
BI-204 – Muscle Questions – Set 4
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
twitch
being summed (wave) by 15 stimuli per second
in tetany
in unfused tetany
any of the above
21.
Of the following, the greatest amount of contraction of a muscle would be produced by:
a. summation at 30 stimuli per second
b. summation at 45 stimuli per second
c. tetanization at 100 stimuli per second
d. tetanization at 100 stimuli per second, starting with prestretching
e. a twitch
22.
The pH of a fatigued muscle is most likely to be:
a. more acidic
b. unchanged
c. more alkaline
d. neutral
e. unpredictable
23.
Muscle fatigue may be caused by:
a. sustained contraction
b. excessive fermentation
c. nerve fatigue
d. insufficient blood supply
e. any of the above
24.
Muscle fatigue may be caused by:
a. lactic acid buildup
b. fatigue of the motor nerve controlling it
c. insufficient blood supply
d. depletion of transmitter at motor end plates
e. any or all of the above
25.
The elastic elements are responsible for, or assist in:
a. a muscle's increased contraction when stretched
b. the different behavior during isotonic and isometric contractions
c. muscle relaxation
d. smooth muscle tension development
e. all of the above
BI-204 – Muscle Questions – Set 4
26.
Which of the following is not a part of the parallel elastic elements:
a. sarcolemma
b. epimysium
c. perimysium
d. tendon
e. sarcoplasm viscosity
27.
Stretch reflexes are involved in:
a. summation
b. all-or-none law
c. T-system
d. tone
e. threshold depolarization
28.
A state of steady, partial contraction which is present in healthy muscle at all times
(assuming consciousness) is:
a. tone
b. the relaxation reflex
c. active transport
d. excitation-contraction coupling
e. impossible
29.
Muscle tone is frequently maintained by:
a. stretch reflexes
b. treppe
c. lactic acid level
d. the parallel elastic component (elements)
e. autonomous muscle phenomena
30.
Smooth, coordinated muscle contractions are aided by:
a. twitches
b. treppe
c. alternating, relay-like activation of different motor units
d. the series elastic elements working antagonistically to the parallel elastic elements
e. unknown phenomena
31.
Grading (smoothness) of muscle contractions is by:
a. which motor units are active
b. the number of motor units active
c. the frequency of impulses to the various motor units
d. the relative numbers of slow and fast fibers which are active
e. all of the above are involved
32.
Maximum, sustained muscle contraction is:
a. fatigue
BI-204 – Muscle Questions – Set 4
b.
c.
d.
e.
wave summation
incomplete tetanus
tetanus
twitch
33.
Repetitive stimulations, between 25 and 50 per second, would produce:
a. wave summation
b. fatigue
c. twitches
d. tetanus
e. incomplete tetanus
34.
The basic difference between isotonic and isometric contractions is due to the:
a. amount of calcium released by the terminal cisternae
b. behavior of the elastic elements
c. numbers of fast and slow fibers in a muscle
d. presence or absence of ATP
e. initial muscle length
35.
Slow muscle fibers are characterized by all of the following, except:
a. twitch slowly
b. develop the most tension
c. contain little glycogen
d. fatigue slowly
e. respire aerobically
36.
When stimulated to its threshold, a muscle cell will contract to its maximum potential; if
the stimulation is below threshold, it will fail to respond to any degree. This principle is:
a. not present in smooth muscle
b. not present in cardiac muscle
c. all-or-none law
d. treppe
e. multiple motor unit summation
37.
Recruitment (multiple motor unit summation) involves which variable:
a. frequency of nervous impulses to a motor unit
b. amount of calcium available to bind with troponin
c. number of muscle fibers contracting
d. degree of contraction in the antagonistic muscle(s)
e. degree of prestretching
38.
An example of isometric contraction would be:
a. flexing the fingers
b. extending the fingers
c. flexing the wrist
BI-204 – Muscle Questions – Set 4
d. locking the wrist in a straight position
e. performing a reverse sit-up
39.
Fast muscle fibers fatigue quickly because they:
a. have little myoglobin
b. have few capillaries
c. respire by fermentation
d. accumulate lactic acid rapidly
e. all of the above
40.
Sustained muscle contraction, produced by alternating activation of different groups of
motor units, in a relay fashion, is termed:
a. unfused (incomplete) tetanus
b. asynchronous summation
c. tetanus
d. multiple motor unit summation
e. wave summation
41.
The elastic elements are not responsible for:
a. a muscle's increased contraction when stretched
b. the different behaviors during isotonic and isometric contractions
c. muscle relaxation
d. fast, slow and intermediate muscle fiber differences
e. smooth muscle tension development
42.
An action potential (ionic change) will only occur at a motor end plate under what
condition:
a. sufficient calcium ions in the terminal cisternae
b. threshold depolarization
c. asynchronous summation
d. the antagonistic muscle is fully relaxed
e. T-tubule depolarization
43.
Which of the following would not be one of the parallel elastic components:
a. epimysium
b. endomysium
c. perimysium
d. tendon
e. sarcolemma
44.
An example of isotonic contraction would be:
a. pushing against a brick wall
b. flexing the forearm
c. maintaining a standing position
d. supporting a weight in the hand in a fixed position
e. locking the wrist in a straight position
BI-204 – Muscle Questions – Set 4
45.
The force exerted against a muscle at its insertion is:
a. treppe
b. twitch
c. tension
d. load
e. threshold
46.
Slow muscle fibers exhibit all of the following, except:
a. abundant myoglobin
b. fatigue the slowest
c. respire aerobically
d. develop the least tension
e. twitch the fastest
47.
If a skeletal muscle's twitch cycle is interrupted by another threshold stimulation, the
response is:
a. another contraction, which is stronger due to the phenomenon of wave summation
b. no different from single uninterrupted contractions
c. called treppe
d. immediate relaxation
e. fatigue
48.
Which of the following would produce the greatest amount of tension:
a. a twitch
b. summation at 20 stimuli per second
c. summation at 30 stimuli per second
d. tetanization at 60 stimuli per second
e. none of the above, since they would have the same effect
49.
What is muscle tone:
a. elastic recoil that is produced by the series elastic elements
b. alternating, relay-like activation of different motor units
c. the different behavior during isotonic and isometric contractions
d. depletion of transmitter at motor end plates
e. a condition of steady, continual, partial contraction
50.
Which of the following is not one of the elastic elements (components):
a. tendon
b. endomysium
c. epimysium
d. proprioceptor
e. sarcolemma
BI-204 – Muscle Questions – Set 4
51.
Muscles require energy to contract (develop tension), whether or not shortening of the
entire muscle occurs.
52.
A contracted muscle only produces tension when it shortens and lifts a load.
53.
Muscle contraction produces tension, whether or not a load is being lifted.
54.
Contractions that produce movements are called isometric contractions.
55.
Contractions that produce movements are called isotonic.
56.
All muscle fibers have identical thresholds for depolarization.
57.
Fast muscle fibers fatigue slower than slow muscle fibers.
58.
Slow muscle fibers fatigue faster than fast fibers.
59.
Slow muscle fibers fatigue slower than fast fibers.
60.
Generally, the greater a muscle is stretched the less forceful will be its subsequent
contraction.
61.
A pre-stretched muscle should not be able to lift as much weight as when it is
unstretched.
62.
Generally, the greater a muscle is stretched the more forceful will be its subsequent
contraction.
63.
The all-or-none law is not contradicted by treppe.
64.
Treppe can only occur in a "cold" muscle.
65.
A muscle could contract to different degrees with the same number of fibers involved
each time.
66.
The parallel elastic elements are primarily concerned with the difference in muscle
BI-204 – Muscle Questions – Set 4
67.
response under isotonic and isometric conditions.
The difference in muscle response under isotonic and isometric conditions is mostly due
to the elastic elements.
68.
In a twitch cycle, contraction time is shorter than relaxation time.
69.
In a twitch cycle, contraction time is greater than relaxation time.
70.
It is not possible for a muscle to contract to different degrees with the same number of
motor units involved each time.
71.
The pH of a fatigued muscle is most likely to be more acidic.
72.
Tone is a condition of steady, continual, partial contraction in all healthy muscles in a
conscious person.
73.
The all-or-none law applies to muscle fibers.
74.
Sarcomere shortening only produces tension when the entire muscle contracts.
75.
The latent period is a condition of steady, continual, partial contraction in all healthy
muscles in a conscious person.
76.
The series elastic elements (components) are primarily responsible for the difference in
muscle response under isotonic and isometric conditions.