Chapter 1 Section 2 CH.1 SEC.2 “GROWING REBELLIOUSNESS” Ch.1 Sec.2 Overview… §  Frustrated by the British policies and limited rights, American colonists began demanding greater freedom. Fueled by the “Enlightenment” and the “Great Awakening” many colonists protested the kings policies. Angered by the protests, England increased its control over the colonies and the colonists responded by declaring their independence. Mercantilism §  Mercantilism = Set of Ideas about the worlds economy §  Belief = Accumulate as much gold and silver by selling more goods to countries than it bought from them §  Mercantilism gave the colonies a reliable market for raw materials England Becomes Greedy! §  Colonies were meant to increase England's wealth §  England, led by Charles II, imposed new trade acts to limit colonial trading §  1. Staple Act §  2. Navigation Act England Makes Navigation Acts 1660 – Navigation Act – Required all goods shipped to and from the Colonies be on British Ships Navigation Act (1660's) furniture
lumber
iron
tools
textiles
cotton
1) Most products could be sold only to England.
Ex.) sugar, tobacco, indigo
I’m bloody filthy rich! The Staple Act : 1663. Required that all products going to the
colonies had to first go through England where the products
were taxed.
spices tea tea spices Effect Of the Navigation Acts: §  The Navigation Acts restricted trade in the following three ways: §  1. Only British ships could transport goods to and from the colonies 2.Only people allowed to trade with the colonies had to be British citizens. 3. Items that were produced in the colonies ex: sugar, tobacco, cotton, & wool, could only be exported to British ports. Effects of the Navigation Acts Colonists became angry when
England began to enforce the
Navigation Acts. • There was an increase in smuggling in the colonies. Charles II §  Upset with the colonies smuggling. §  Began to control the colonies and flexed his powers §  Deprived Mass. of its Charter and made it a Royal Colony William of Orange and Mary §  Daughter of King James II (Protestant) §  Sworn to follow “English Bill of Rights” ú  Freedom of Speech ú  Banned Excessive Bail ú  Right to fair trial §  Bloodless change of power known as the Glorious Revolution Enlightenment “There were times when revolution was justified” John Locke’s “Two Treatises of Government” was published on this exact subject arguing that……………. John Locke’s Political Theory •  Locke Argued – Govt power comes from •
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the people People were born with certain rights – life, liberty, property Believed Peoples rights were not safe, people came together to create a govt People and govt made a contract – People obey the laws, the government would protect their rights If a ruler violated peoples rights, they had the right to rebel French and Indian War §  Great Britain became interested in the Ohio River Valley area (So did the French) §  French and Indians (allies) fought the British §  also known as the 7 years war §  Britain won, became most powerful in N.A. & gained all of Louisiana East of Mississippi, and Florida Britain in Debt §  Heavily in debt from war & a lot of new territory to defend §  Felt colonies should help pay for the cost of the war §  Colonists continued to boycott British goods and black market continued §  Britain implemented new taxes on the colonists New Regulations and Taxes §  Sugar Act of 1764: ú  Sugar, molasses, silk, wine, coffee & Indigo §  Stamp Act of 1765: ú  Req. Stamps on all printed material = Playing cards, contracts, newspapers, diplomas & Documents §  Quartering Act 1765 -­‐ ú  Required colonists to provide shelter to British troops Sons of Liberty §  Organized protests §
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of stamp act (Stamp Act Congress) Boycotted all British products Wrote “Declaration of Rights and Grievances” “No taxation w/o representation!!!” Ignored tax /
boycotted Brit. goods Tax Stamp repealed Townshend Acts §  Britain needed more money §  Tax lead, paper, paint, glass §  Officers can arrest smugglers §  Sam Adams, George Washington,Thomas Jefferson led Protest Townshend Act -­‐ Boston Massacre §  Taunting British §
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Soldiers guarding customs house Colonists threw snowballs British Fired 5 dead tension so high, Britain repealed all taxes except tea Colonists Defy Britain §  May 1773 -­‐ Tea Act §  New Tea shipments blocked in harbor §  Sons of Liberty dressed as Indians and headed to Boston Harbor §  150 men dumped 342 chests of tea into harbor Coercive Acts §  Britain passed the §
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Coercive Act Punishment for Tea Party Closed Boston Port until dumped tea was paid for New laws banned town meetings King stationed 2000 troops to keep order in Mass. All the Acts became known as the “Intolerable Acts” QUESTIONS???????? In Review §  1. Britain and France fought over this area of land -­‐ §  Ohio River Valley -­‐ with N.A. help §  2. Act placing taxes on lead, paper & paint was called _________ act §  Townshend Acts §  3. Act requiring taxes on paper, documents, diplomas etc. was called __________ act? §  Stamp Act §  What “ACT” was placed on the Boston colonists as punishment of the “Boston Tea Party”? §  Coercive Acts