TELEPHONE CABLING TECHNOLOGY
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Voice Grade Telephone Cable
Main Types – Outdoor
Heavy Duty Type , Weatherproof, Sun Protected, Mechanical protection from
damage. Some types can be buried in the ground. Cable jacket
normally black.
Main Types – Indoor
Light Duty Type, Used Indoor only, not weatherproof, can be run in conduits, cable trays
etc., can be fixed surface. Cable jacket White or Beige.
CABLE CONSTRUCTION
Basic Cable is One Set of 2 Wires Called A “ Twisted Pair “
2 wire pair
PVC jacket
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CABLE CONSTRUCTION
Telephone Cable is Manufactured in standard sizes ie
1 pair, 2 pair, 3 pair, 4 pair ,6 pair, 10 pair, 15 pair, 20 pair ,30 pair, 50 pair, 100 pair
“Second 5 pairs”
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This is a 10 Pair Cable
A Standard colour code is used to identify each pair. The colour code is repeated
through each size of cable. ie
BLUE / WHITE
ORANGE / WHITE
BLUE
GREEN / WHITE
ORANGE
BROWN / WHITE
Matched
with
a
“
Trace
Colour”
ie
WHITE
GREEN
SLATE / WHITE
BROWN
“First 5 pairs “
SLATE (grey)
BLUE / RED
ORANGE / RED
RED
GREEN / RED
BROWN / RED
SLATE / RED
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TELEPHONE OUTLET TERMINATION
Standard telephone installations normally require ONE PAIR for each telephone, so
a cable is selected to suit the job ex. 22 phones use 30 pair with some spare pairs
for additional telephones which may be added. PLEASE NOTE some telephone systems
use TWO pairs for each phone ie voice & data
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
RJ45 OUTLET
Data (if required )
Voice Pair
Data (if required )
1
2
3
4
Data (if required )
Voice Pair
1
2
Voice Pair
Data (if required )
RJ11 OUTLET
TELEPHONE
Krone (pronounced “krona”) Module Types
Connect Module
Solid connection through module pins
Disconnect Module
Switched connection through module pins,
allows testing without cable removal
Hi-band Module
For Ethernet network cabling ie.
jointing, patching etc.
Infinity Cabling
KRONE TELEPHONE CABLING BLOCKS
Connect Module 20 20 Position Block ( 10 Pairs )
Point to Point Connection (Limited test options )
Disconnect Module 20 Position Block ( 10 Pairs )
Point to Point Connection (Full test options )
Building Wiring
All wiring available for
testing without removing
cable from krone block
Building Wiring
Test equipment
Normal
Connection
4 Pin Test Plug
Inserted
pabx
Building Wiring
pabx
Building Wiring
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KRONE (Pronounced “Krona” ) Disconnect Module
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Termination Block for 10 Pairs Telephone Cable
SLATE
RED
RED
BROWN
GREEN
RED
ORANGE
RED
RED
BLUE
SLATE
WHITE
BROWN
WHITE
GREEN
WHITE
ORANGE
WHITE
BLUE
WHITE
1ST 5 Pairs
2nd 5 Pairs
Typical 400 Pair MDF
(Main Distribution Frame )
10 pairs
1
20 pairs
2
30 pairs
3
40 pairs
4
50 pairs
5
60 pairs
6
70 pairs
7
80 pairs
8
90 pairs
9
100 pairs
10
10 blocks = 100 pairs
Telephone Cable Colour Code
PRIMARY COLOURS x 5
BLUE
ORANGE
GREEN
BROWN
SLATE (Grey)
TRACE COLOURS X10
WHITE
RED
BLACK
YELLOW
WHITE / BLUE STRIPE
RED / BLUE STRIPE
BLACK / BLUE STRIPE
YELLOW / BLUE STRIPE
WHITE / ORANGE STRIPE
ORANGE / RED STRIPE
10 X 5 = 50 PAIRS
EXAMPLE FIRST 10 PAIRS
PRIMARY -- TRACE
BLUE
WHITE 1
ORANGE WHITE 2
GREEN WHITE 3
BROWN WHITE 4
WHITE 5
SLATE
BLUE
RED 6
ORANGE RED 7
GREEN RED 8
BROWN RED 9
RED 10
SLATE
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Krone Connection Block
PBX Services
User Devices
Exts,Night bells etc (Office Wiring)
Telkom Infrastructure
Telcom Trunk lines
PBX
System
Third Floor
PBX Cables
“Local DP 3 “
Infinity Wiring
Jumper Cable
Second Floor
Second Floor Single Phone
“Local DP 2”
First Floor
Phones, FAX, adsl etc.
Second Floor Single Phone
PBX
First Floor PBX System
“Local DP 1”
Building Ground Floor
Ground Floor Single Phone
“Local DP G”
Private Infrastructure
Telephone Exchange
(SA TELKOM)
Underground Cable
TYPICAL BUILDING DISTRIBUTION
PBX- Private Branch Exchange
PABX- Private Automatic Branch Exchange
DP- Distribution Panel
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BASIC LAND LINE
TELEPHONE SYSTEM
Telephone Exchange
Jim
Sub Exchanges
Central Exchange
Sub Exchanges
Cable, Microwave,
Radio, Fiber Optic
Central Exchange
Xchange = ( Large Group of Switches )
Sub Exchange
No call in Progress
Call in Progress
Jim
Alice
Alice
Call from Jim
To Alice
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Telkom
Telephone
Exchange
Private Automatic Branch Exchange
PABX
Equipment
Company Premises
Incoming Telkom
Lines from Exchange
Cell Phone Routers
Building
Cabling
User Extensions
This Part Installed by Infinity Cabling
Ratio of Telkom lines to extensions is determined by user requirements, however PBX Systems
are supplied with a specific number of lines/ext. System should be chosen carefully with upgrade
options available for expansion.
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Telkom
Telephone
Exchange
Private Automatic Branch Exchange
PABX
Equipment
Company Premises
“call to cell phone “
Incoming Telkom
Lines from Exchange
sim
sim
sim
Cell Phone Routers
(Quantity chosen by Pabx User )
Wireless signal Transmitted
Building
Cabling
User Extensions
This Part Installed by Infinity Cabling
Extension call to cell number, routed to cell network directly
To bypass Telkom system to save cost on connection charge
Cell Phone Network
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DECT
TECHNOLOGY
Pronounced “dek”
Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications
Multiple Handset System
Called “Cordless Phones, Wireless Handsets etc “
Basic System
Typical Unit
DC Power
Base Station
Chargers
Answering Machine, intercom, call holding etc.
DECT Handset
Telecom Line
Base
Station/ Battery Charger
This Phone is a fixed line system with a Wireless handset (range +/- 30 mtrs )
DECT Enabled Pabx system
DECT Base Station
PABX
PBX
Telecom Lines
DECT Handsets
Wired Handsets
Line / ext
Example
SIEMENS
BS2/2 DECT Base Station
Basic Tone Generator Operation
Am
pli
fi
ed
Pr
ob
e
Amplified Probe
(Detects magnetic field and generates an audible tone)
Antenna
Cable under test
Magnet Field around Cable
(caused by Tone generator )
Tone Generator
The probe will amplify all signals detected on
cable including voice conversation, noise, data etc.
This may cause the generated tone not to be heard.
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FLUKE Intellitone Tone Generator Operation
Amplified Probe
Detects data word and turns on green Sync light. As
the probe gets physically closer to cable being searched for
an audio tone is generated and signal strength lights turn on.
e
b
o
1
10
r
P
d
0
1
01
e
fi
i
l
p
Am
0110101
0110101
0110101
Magnet Field around Cable
0110101
Tone Generator Transmits
a data word over and over
The Fluke Probe only listens for a specific code
and ignores all other signals present on cables
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Standard ADSL
Installation
TEL. Wall Socket
Adsl
Router
Telkom
Telephone
Line
Adsl
Router
Telephone
Cable
Switch
Network
Cable
ADSL FILTER
pc
Network
Cable
Voice
Service
Additional
Telephone Outlets
TEL. Wall Socket
Adsl
Router
Nb: All Voice Services
Have same number !
FAX MC
Telkom
Telephone
Line
F
Network Cabling
if Multiple PC’s on single
ADSL Router/Switch
Network
Cable
F
pc
Telephone Cabling
F
ADSL
Asynchronous Digital
Subscriber Line