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Deutsche Bank

Facing the Global Crisis in EM

CARI Seminar, August 14, 2012

Buenos Aires

Gustavo Cañonero, Managing Director

Chief Economist

Emerging Markets

Deutsche Bank Securities

All prices are those current at the end of the previous trading session unless otherwise indicated. Prices are sourced from local exchanges via Reuters,

Bloomberg and other vendors. Data is sourced from Deutsche Bank and subject companies. Deutsche Bank does and seeks to do business with companies covered in its research reports. Thus, investors should be aware that the firm may have a conflict of interest that could affect the objectivity of this report.

Investors should consider this report as only a single factor in making their investment decision. DISCLOSURES AND ANALYST CERTIFICATIONS ARE

LOCATED IN APPENDIX 1. MICA(P) 072/04/2012

Deutsche Bank

Gustavo Cañonero Fernando Losada

Gustavo.canonero@db.com Fernando.losada@db.com

(212) 250 – 7530 (212) 250 - 3162

Table of contents

I. Europe Unconvincing Policy Approach

II. US Slowdown and Fiscal Cliff

III. Global Forecasts

IV. EM Decoupling Test

V. EM Strengths and Vulnerabilities

VI. Latin America: Regional Outlook

Deutsche Bank

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

220

200

180

160

140

120

100

80

60

40

20

0

-5

A tricky relationship but a powerful chart: government debt and economic growth

-3

Japan

Portugal

-1

Italy

Ireland

Spain

US

UK

Euro Area

M exico

Brazil

Colombia

Turkey

Indonesia

India

Russia

1 3

2011 GDP Growth (% )

5 7 9

China

•Deleveraging (oversavings)

•Debt overhang

•Ricardian equivalence

• etc

•Countercyclical policies

•Consumer/business depression …

Source: IMF, Haver, DB Global Markets Research

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

I. Europe Unconvincing Policy

Approach

Deutsche Bank

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

Preview

1. We believe the EU has the internal resources to resolve this crisis:

– External demand support from decent global growth and a soft euro

– Structural reforms to support medium term growth

2. But vulnerabilities remain high:

– Crisis of confidence has gone very deep

– 2012 was always going to be a recession, complicating public and private deleveraging. Worsening economic outlook intensify the challenges

– But is more a political than economic crisis: euroarea leaders fell ‘behind the curve’, again

3. Hence, crucial:

1.

Individual countries: structural reforms & fiscal consolidation

2.

EA: roadmap to greater integration; banking sector and common issuance

3.

ECB: (i) helping bridge, not THE solution (ii) delicate balance

Deutsche Bank

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

Crisis management: firewall size and ESM

“seniority”

Deutsche Bank

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

How much does it cost to finance Europe sovereigns?

France MEMO: Total EURbn

2013

2014

Italy Spain Belgium

Sovereign redemptions (ex bills, incl coupons)

2012 241.8

69.3

184.5

141.7

79.2

66.3

40.9

40.2

34.4

Total 568.1

214.8

115.6

150.9

155.4

93.2

399.5

1,297.9

Primary budget deficits (surpluses are negative)

2012 -48.2

25.1

2013

2014

-60.1

-75.1

2.0

-10.4

Total -183.5

16.7

Total sovereign funding

2012

2013

2014

Total

193.6

124.5

66.6

384.6

94.4

81.2

56.0

231.5

0.5

-1.4

-3.1

-4.0

41.4

38.8

31.3

111.6

52.0

30.8

22.2

105.0

202.9

186.2

115.4

504.5

-65.8

1,232.2

E616bn to finance Italy & Spain 2012-2014

E728bn to finance Belgium also

E1.2tr if France to be financed at the same time

Source: Deutsche Bank

Deutsche Bank

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

A massive bank debt redemption wall in 2012

Country

Germany

Spain

Italy

France

Netherlands

Belgium

Greece

Austria

Ireland

Portugal

Total

2012

Senior Covered Gov GTD

35.6

45.5

83.6

58.8

18.1

38.5

65.5

51.1

33.3

7.8

8.2

9.2

18.9

27.6

1.1

12.0

7.8

3.0

1.0

6.0

0.0

0.0

13.6

3.8

6.9

5.9

269.0

3.4

3.8

219.8

5.4

3.0

89.3

Total

137.2

142.8

84.5

78.7

47.9

23.6

17.0

18.2

15.7

12.6

578.2

2013

Senior Covered Gov GTD

42.6

26.6

83.6

58.8

0.0

5.5

52.1

40.9

33.5

7.2

7.0

9.1

18.9

27.6

1.1

12.0

7.8

3.0

13.3

3.0

0.0

0.0

0.5

9.4

1.3

5.6

226.1

3.4

3.8

219.8

7.0

0.0

38.7

Total

126.2

90.9

71.1

68.5

35.0

28.6

28.1

15.1

11.7

9.3

484.6

2012-2013

Total

263.5

233.6

155.5

147.2

82.9

52.2

45.1

33.3

27.5

22.0

1062.7

Source: Bloomberg, DB Global Markets Research

Deutsche Bank

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

Most needed euro-area architecture

What to expect?

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

Three potential scenarios could play out in Greece over the coming months

1) Greece stays in the euro zone and “continue to muddle through” .

Compromise reached between Athens and the Troika that sees Greece remain in the euro zone

2) Greece exits the euro zone. Exit could emerge as the unwanted conclusion of a series of micro-decisions on the bailout, bank recapitalisation and ECB involvement a) Managed exit: Greece exits the euro zone with ECB / EU / IMF support to facilitate an orderly transition b) Disorderly exit: Greece exits the euro zone without ECB / EU / IMF support.

 Of the exit scenarios, a managed exit would be the more desirable and likely outcome.

 The official sector would bear most of direct losses in the event of a Greek exit.

Losses would be significant, but manageable.

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

II. US Slowdown and Fiscal Cliff

Deutsche Bank

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

4

2

%

6

Current recovery unusually sluggish

Unemployment gap

Average in recessions before the current recession

In current recession

0

Recession trough

-2

Range before current cycle

-4

-8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Source: CBO, BLS , Haver Analytics, DB Global Markets Research

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

0

-2

-4

%

6

4

2

Household deleveraging seems almost

%

done

Household debt as percent of disposable personal income

140

130

120

110

100

90

80

70

60

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

Source: FRB, BEA, Haver Analytics, DB Global Markets Research

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

100

90

80

70

60

%

140

130

120

110

Homebuilder sentiment index suggests that housing could add 1½ percent to GDP over the next 12 months

65

56

46

37

Index

84

75

NAHB: Homebuilder sentiment index (12 m lead, ls)

Residential investment as a share of GDP (rs)

Share of GDP

27

18

8

02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13

7%

6%

5%

4%

3%

2%

Source: NAHB, BEA , Haver Analytics, DB Global Markets Research

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

The homebuilder sentiment index suggests that home prices will be flat until mid-2013

40

30

20

10

0

05

Index

80

70

60

50

NAHB: Homebuilder sentiment index (24 m lead, ls)

S&P/Case-Shiller home price index: Composite 20 (rs)

06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14

Source: NAHB, Fiserv, Macro Markets LLC, Haver Analytics, DB Global Markets Research

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

Index

220

200

180

160

140

120

% y/y

20

10

US home prices starting to turn up

S&P case shiller home price index:composite 20

CoreLogic national house price index

CoreLogic national HPI distressed excluded

FHFA HPI purchase

0

-10

0

-10

-20

05

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

06 07 08 09 10 11 12

Source: S&P, CoreLogic, FHFA, Haver Analytics, DB Global Markets Research

-20

%y/y

20

10

But the speed of the housing recovery remains very slow

Thousands

2100

Single-family building permits

Single-family housing starts

Thousands

2100

1800

1500

1200

900

600

300

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010

Source: Census, Haver Analytics, DB Global Markets Research

2012

1800

1500

1200

900

600

300

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

But job openings are trending up

Mln Mln

Layoffs and discharges Openings Hires Separations

6

5

4

3

2 2

1

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12

1

6

5

4

3

Source: BLS, JOLTS, Haver Analytics, DB Global Markets Research

Deutsche Bank

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

US Fiscal risk is a serious one but not immediate

US faces steep fiscal cliff (under current law) and debt ceiling showdown around end of 2012 .

Consensus expectation: Fiscal cliff will be delayed and debt ceiling raised after the election, risking downgrade.

Optimistic view: 2 nd term Obama Admin (or 1 st term

Romney Admin) and fully Republican Congress agree to address fundamental problem via entitlement reform and tax reform.

Pessimistic view: Gridlock debt-ceiling standoff and lots of pressure from markets

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

Budget deficits a bigger problem in the US than in peripheral Europe

%

Budget deficits as a % of GDP

%

0

-2

4

2

-4

-6

-8

-10

-12

-14

GIIPS: GDP-weighted fiscal balance

US

1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011

Note: GIIPS = Greece, Ireland, Italy, Portugal, and Spain

Source: OECD, Statistical Office of the European Communities, Haver Analytics, DB Global Markets Research

4

2

0

-2

-4

-6

-8

-10

-12

-14

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

% of GDP

12

8

4

The fiscal cliff

US Federal budget deficit (June 2012)

Actual

% of GDP

12

Projected

CBO's Alternative scenerio

8

4

0

CBO's Current-law baseline

-4

2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020

Note: The budget deficit denoted in positive sign whereas surplus in negative

Source: CBO, DB Global Markets Research

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

0

-4

Components of the Fiscal Cliff

Fiscal drag in 2013 Likely?

Max Amount

(Current law)

Bush tax cuts (high income) expire

Bush tax cuts (all other) expire

AMT & Doc Fixes expire

BCA discretionary spending cuts

BCA sequester

Total fiscal Drag 2013

% of GDP

Maybe

No

No

Yes

Maybe

120

180

120

45

70

535

3.6

Likely amount

(Alternative sn.)

60

0

0

45

35

140

0.9

Source: CBO, DB Global Markets Research

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

Another debt ceiling crisis is waiting

The debt ceiling

$16394 bln debt limit

Bipartisan Policy Center projected range of debt subject to limit

$ trln

$ trln

16,4

16,2

16,0

15,8

15,6

15,4

15,2

Actual path of debt

Likely window to hit debt ceiling

15,6

15,4

15,2

15,0

Jan' 12 Mar' 12 May' 12 Jul' 12 Sep' 12 Nov' 12 Jan' 13

15,0

16,4

16,2

16,0

15,8

Source: Bipartisan Policy Center, DB Global Markets Research

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

Closing the Revenue-Spending gap is a major challenge

% of GDP % of GDP

37,5

Outlays

Revenue

37,5

CBO current policy alternative, June 2012

32,5 32,5

27,5

CBO current law baseline, June 2012 27,5

22,5

17,5

22,5

17,5

12,5

1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 2021 2031

12,5

Source: CBO, Fiscal Commission, DB Global Markets Research

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

Deutsche Bank

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

III. Global Projections

Growth is slowing down and a global recession should not be ruled out, but not our base case scenario

2011

GDP growth, YoY

2012 2013 2011

CPI Inflation, YoY

2012 2013

G7

-US

-Japan

-Euroland

EM Asia (ex-Japan)

-China

-India

EMEA

-Russia

LatAm

-Argentina

-Brazil

-Chile

-Colombia

-Mexico

-Peru

Industrial countries

EM countries

Global

1.4

1.8

-0.7

1.5

7.3

9.2

7.0

4.7

4.3

4.3

7.7

2.7

6.2

5.9

3.9

6.9

1.4

6.2

3.6

1.8

2.5

1.2

0.3

6.9

8.4

6.5

3.6

4.1

3.9

2.3

4.2

4.3

4.8

3.5

6.0

1.7

5.6

3.5

1.7

2.4

3.1

-0.5

6.4

7.9

6.3

3.2

4.0

2.9

1.6

1.5

4.7

4.8

3.7

6.0

1.3

5.1

3.2

2.0

2.1

0.5

2.3

4.0

2.8

7.5

5.5

5.5

7.6

22.3

5.1

3.1

3.4

3.7

3.8

2.0

5.0

3.4

2.6

3.1

-0.3

2.7

6.0

5.4

9.5

6.5

8.4

8.4

24.4

6.6

3.3

3.4

3.4

3.4

2.6

6.6

4.5

Source: DB Global Markets Research

25

1.8

2.4

-0.1

1.7

4.3

3.5

7.0

6.1

7.8

7.6

23.4

5.0

3.0

3.1

3.6

2.8

1.9

5.3

3.5

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

(Still) stable commodities, dollar (?), and monetary easing

Commodities (USD, Annual Average)

WTI (barrel)

Brent Blend (barrel)

Gold (oz.)

Copper (lb)

2009

62

62

974

2.36

2010

79

80

1226

3.43

2011

95

111

1571

4.00

2012F

94

106

1726

3.57

2013F

96

104

2050

3.63

USD/EUR

JPY/USD

Fed Funds

10-Y Treasuries

ECB rate

ODR rate

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

Exchange Rates

Current

1.23

78

3M

1.28

80

6M

1.30

82

12M end 2012

1.25

86

1.30

82

Current

0 - 0.25

1.65

0.75

0.05 - 0.1

Interest Rates

3M

0 - 0.25

1.50

0.50

0.10

6M

0 - 0.25

1.50

0.50

0.10

12M end 2012

0 - 0.25

2.50

0.50

0.10

0 - 0.25

1.50

0.50

0.10

Source: DB Global Markets Research

26

Deutsche Bank

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

IV. EM Decoupling test

EM has decoupled in trend growth but has coupled in the business cycle

8

6

4

2

0

-2

-4

-6

1980 1985

Source: IMF, Haver, DB Global Markets Research

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

1990

EM trend

EM cycle

1995

G7 Trend

G7 cycle

2000 2005 2010

28

LatAm has also decoupled, but most recently, with cyclical coupling as well

Macroeconomic momentum indicators in EM

1.50

ASIA LATAM EMEA

1.00

0.50

0.00

-0.50

-1.00

-1.50

-2.00

0

-2

-4

-6

1980

2

4

EM cyclical coupling and trend decoupling

(%YoY)

6

Percent

LatAm trend

LatAm cycle

G7 Trend

G7 cycle

1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

Source: IMF, Haver, DB Global Markets Research

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

29

But EM cannot replace US and Europe

Projected new demand in 2012

$, bln

Government consumption

30000

Investment

Private consumption

25000

20000

15000

10000

5000

0

BRIC Europe and US combined

Source: CBO, DB Global Markets Research

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

$, bln

30000

25000

20000

15000

10000

5000

0

30

Diminishing Returns in EM? Capital Accummulation Version

Reassessing Chongqing’s growth model (A)

Investment-driven growth model

50%

45%

40%

35%

30%

60%

55%

Gross Capital Formation/GDP ratio, 2010

Chongqing China

Source: CEIC.

Deutsche Bank

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

Real estate investment in China now around 13% of GDP. What will the composition of Chinese GDP look like going forward?

% of GDP

Real estate investment (residential and commercial) as share of GDP

% of GDP

35

Germany US

35

30

China Japan

30

25 25

20

15

10

20

15

10

5

0

5

0

80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12

Source: BEA, CAO, National Bureau of statistics of China, CEIC, Haver Analytics, DB Global Markets Research

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

% y/y

120

100

80

60

40

20

0

-20

-40

04

Slowdown underway in Chinese housing

Key real estate indicators, 2004-June 2012

Total floor space starts

Residential floor space under construction

Residential real estate investment

Residential floor space sold

05 06 07 08 09 10

Source: CEIC, DB Global Markets Research

11 12

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

20

0

-20

-40

% y/y

120

100

80

60

40

Diminishing Returns in EM? Consumption Drive Version

Steady real exchange rate appreciation on the back of wage increases and relatively low labor productivity growth is raising the costs of doing business in EM.

Relative unit labor costs vs USA (USD, 2001=1)

2,50

2,00

1,50

1,00

0,50

0,00

Avg Latam

China

Korea

SoA

Turkey

Source: OECD, ILO, Official Statistical Agencies, and Deutsche Bank

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

34

The average relative increase observed in the large Latin

American countries is at 73%, although the calculation includes the extreme 170% relative increase in Brazil and a small decline in Mexico.

2,00

1,50

1,00

0,50

0,00

Relative unit labor costs vs USA (USD, 2001=1)

3,00

2,50

ARG

BRA

CHI

COL

MXC

PER

Source: OECD, ILO, Official Statistical Agencies, and Deutsche Bank

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

35

Recent increases in ULC and its effect on growth.

Estimated effect on growth from rising ULC in 2000s (steady state)

ULC (current USD) average annual increase

Estimated effect on annual growth

Brazil

Argentina

South Africa

China

Colombia

Chile

Turkey

Peru

South Korea

Mexico

Source: Deutsche Bank

11,8%

10,2%

8,9%

8,0%

7,8%

6,8%

6,5%

2,8%

2,7%

1,1%

-0,82%

-0,71%

-0,62%

-0,56%

-0,54%

-0,47%

-0,46%

-0,19%

-0,19%

-0,08%

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

36

Once qualified by ToT shocks, the critical aspect of ULC increases becomes even more worrisome for some countries.

Average annual increases of ULC and ToT (2001-2011

Brazil

Argentina

South Africa

China

Colombia

Chile

Turkey

Peru

South Korea

Mexico

-5,0% 0,0% 5,0% 10,0%

ToT

ULC

15,0%

Source: Deutsche Bank

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

37

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

V. EM Strengths and Vulnerabilities

38

The EM universe is populated by different stars: with ample growth sensitivity to US/EU

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

Betas to 1pp change in US/Eurozone growth

4.0

3.5

3.0

2.5

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

39

EM countries do show significant differences regarding macro vulnerabilities

0.3

0.2

0.1

0

0.7

Overall vulnerability score

0.6

Grow th

0.5

0.4

Financial

High risk threshold

Fiscal

M edium risk threshold

External

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

40

EM vulnerabilities

EMEA

Czech Rep

Egypt

Hungary

Israel

Kazakhstan

Poland

Rom ania

Russia

South Africa

Turkey

Ukraine

Asia

China

India

Indonesia

Korea

M alaysia

Philippines

Thailand

LatAm

Argentina

Brazil

Chile

Colom bia

M exico

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

External Fiscal Financial

41

EM vulnerabilities

EMEA over time

Czech Rep

Egypt

Hungary

Israel

Kazakhstan

Poland

Romania

Russia

South Africa

Turkey

Ukraine

Asia

China

India

Indonesia

Korea

Malaysia

Philippines

Thailand

LatAm

Argentina

Brazil

Chile

Colombia

Mexico

External

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

Fiscal Financial Overall

42

VI. Latin America Regional Outlook

Growth is still resilient but the risks are to the downside

43

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

Growth is slowing down but remaining at elevated level

2

0

-2

8

6

4

GDP growth

% YoY

10

2010 2011 2012 2013

ARG BRA CHI COL MEX PEN

Current account balances

% GDP

0

-1

-2

-3

-4

-5

5

4

3

2

1

ARG BRA

2010

CHI

2011 2012

COL MEX

2013

PEN

Source: Global Market Research

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

VEN

VEN

Inflation

20

15

10

5

0

-5

% YoY

30

25

ARG BRA

2010 2011 2012 2013

CHI COL MEX PEN

LATAM forecasts

(% yoy unless stated)

Real GDP growth

Priv. consumption

Investment

Inflation (eop)

Exports, USD bn

Imports, USD bn

Industrial production

Unemployment (%)

Fiscal bal. (% of GDP)

CA bal. (% of GDP)

2010

6.3

5.8

12.8

8.5

779.2

701.6

7.5

6.9

-2.2

-0.9

2011F

4.3

5.0

6.7

8.5

966.6

858.3

2.9

6.6

-2.2

-0.8

2012F

2.9

3.5

2.4

7.4

970.0

906.4

1.8

6.5

-2.0

-1.3

VEN

2013F

3.9

3.9

5.9

7.7

1032.8

975.0

4.5

6.4

-1.8

-1.6

44

Solid fundamentals should remain

GDP Growth (%)

Argentina

Brazil

Chile

Colombia

Mexico

Peru

Venezuela

2010 2011F 2012F 2013F

9.2

7.5

5.2

4.3

5.5

8.8

-1.4

7.7

2.7

6.2

5.9

3.9

6.9

3.9

1.6

1.5

4.7

4.8

3.7

6.0

4.3

2.3

4.2

4.3

4.8

3.5

6.0

3.0

Inflation (eop,%)

2010 2011F 2012F 2013F

Argentina

Brazil

Chile

Colombia

Mexico

Peru

Venezuela

25.2

5.9

3.0

3.2

4.4

2.1

27.2

23.1

6.5

4.4

3.7

3.8

4.7

27.6

24.1

4.8

2.1

3.2

3.7

3.0

22.5

21.9

5.4

3.2

3.0

3.5

2.6

28.0

2010

Current Account (%GDP)

Argentina 0.8

2011F

0.6

DB_Forecast _FX_RATE 31-Dec-10 ######## 31-Dec-12 31-Dec-13

2012F

1.2

2013F

1.1

Fx (eop)

Argentina

2010 2011F 2012F 2013F

3.98

4.31

5.10

6.11

Brazil

Chile

Colombia

Mexico

Peru

Venezuela

-2.2

1.9

-3.7

-0.6

-1.6

4.6

-2.1

-1.7

-2.6

-0.4

-1.5

6.9

-2.6

-2.3

-3.0

-0.8

-1.6

2.6

-3.0

-1.9

-3.2

-1.1

-1.7

2.4

Brazil

Chile

Colombia

Mexico

Peru

Venezuela

1.67

468

1908

12.34

2.80

4.30

1.88

520

1939

13.00

2.70

4.30

1.95

510

1790

13.00

2.70

5.20

1.90

515

1770

12.80

2.73

6.50

Source: Global Market Research

Gustavo.Canonero@db.com

45

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