Surviving Chemistry
One Concept at a Time
Atomic
Structure
Organized and Engaging
Worksheets for High School Chemistry
.
Atomic Structure Worksheets
One Concept at a Time
Worksheets for High School Chemistry from our
“Workbook”
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E3 Scholastic Publishing
Surviving Chemistry Book Series
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Worksheet 8: Historical development of atoms
.
Set A: Historical atomic models
Topic 3: The atomic structure
Objective: To test your knowledge of historical atomic models
Draw and briefly describe each historical model of the atom.
1. Hard sphere model
2. Plum-pudding model
3. Empty space model
4. Bohr’s model
5. Wave mechanical model
6. State two conclusions of the Gold foil experiment.
7. State conclusions of the Cathode ray experiment.
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Worksheet 9: The Atomic Structures
Set A: Terms and definitions
.
Topic 3
Objective: By defining these words, you will become more familiar with
atomic structure related terms and their definitions.
Define, neatly and clearly, the following atomic structure related terms.
1. Nucleus
2. Neutron
3. Proton
4. Electron
5. Nucleons
6. Atomic number
7. Mass number
8. Atomic mass
9. Isotopes
10. Atomic mass unit
Set B: The Subatomic Particles
Objective: To test your knowledge of facts related to the
three subatomic particles
Complete the table below
Subatomic particles
11.
Symbol
Mass
Charge
Location
Proton
12.
Electron
13.
Neutron
18
From “Surviving Chemistry: Workbook”
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.
Worksheet 9
Set C:
Determining number of atomic particles
Topic 3
Objective: To test your ability to determine number
of particles in an atom .
14. Complete the table below based on information provided for each atom. All the atoms are neutral.
Protons
Atom A
electrons
Neutrons
44
Mass
Number
Atomic
number
Nuclear
charge
Nucleons
Element’s
symbol
102
Atom B
84
125
Atom C
56
Mn
Atom D
89
Atom E
30
Atom F
229
+28
92
Atom G
233
82
Set D: Isotope symbols
Ba
Objective: To test your ability to relate isotope symbol to number
of particles in an atom
15. Complete the table below based on information provided for each atom/ All the atoms are neutral.
Isotope
symbol
Atom H
142
Protons electrons neutrons
Mass
Atomic Nuclear Nucleons
number number charge
Nucleus
Diagram
Pr
59
31
Atom I
Atom J
243
+27
Am
95
Atom K
Atom L
77
80
194
Se
22 p
26 n
Atom M
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.
Worksheet 10: Atomic Mass
Set A: Calculating atomic mass
Topic 3
Objective: To test your ability to calculate atomic mass of an element
from relative abundance and mass numbers of its isotopes
Calculate the atomic mass for each element given the relative percentages and the mass numbers of
the isotopes. Show ALL set up and work.
Need help? Study Book pg 38 – 40 Set 12 - 17
1) 19.78 % of 10B
11
80.22% of
B
39
2) 93.12 % of
K
41
6.88 % of
K
3) 78.70 % of
24
10.13 % of
25
Mg
26
Mg
11.17 % of
4) 80.0% of
12.25% of
7.75% of
70
Mg
X
69
68
X
X
5) A sample of chlorine contains 75% of chlorine-35 and 25% of chlorine-37. What is the atomic mass of
chlorine? show work.
6) Element X has two naturally occurring isotopes. If 72% of the atoms have a mass of 85 amu
and 28% of the atoms have a mass of 87 amu, what is the atomic mass of element X. Show work.
7) The atomic mass of an element is dependent upon what two factors?
20
From “Surviving Chemistry: Workbook”
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Worksheet 11: Bohr’s atomic model and electron
configuration
.
Topic 3
Set A: Drawing Bohr’s atomic model
Objective: To test your ability to obtain information from
electron configuration, and to draw Bohr’s atomic model.
Based on information from the Periodic Table, answer questions in each box about the given element.
Then draw Bohr’s atomic model for the element.
1. Magnesium - 25
2. Neon - 21
Electron configuration:
Number of electron shells: ____
Valance shell:
:
____
Number of valance electrons: ____
Draw Bohr’s atomic model for magnesium-25.
Indicate appropriate number of particles in the
nucleus, and electrons (-) in electron shells.
3. Rubidium - 86
Electron configuration:
Number of electron shells: ____
Valance shell:
:
____
Number of valance electrons: ____
Draw Bohr’s atomic model for rubidium-86.
Indicate appropriate number of particles in the
nucleus, and electrons (-) in electron shells.
Electron configuration:
Number of electron shells: ____
Valance shell:
:
____
Number of valance electrons: ____
Draw Bohr’s atomic model for neon-21.
Indicate appropriate number of particles in the
nucleus, and electrons (-) in electron shells.
4. Selenium - 78
Electron configuration:
Number of electron shells: ____
Valance shell:
:
____
Number of valance electrons: ____
Draw Bohr’s atomic model for selenium-78.
Indicate appropriate number of particles in the
nucleus, and electrons (-) in electron shells.
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21
.
Worksheet 11
Set B:
Electron configurations
Excited and Ground States
Topic 3
Objective: To test your ability to interpret electron configuration
Electron configurations for six atoms are given. Complete information about each neutral atom on the
table .
Electron
configuration
5.
6.
7.
Atom A
2–8–4
Atom B
2–3–1
Atom C
2–8–7–1
8. Atom D
2 – 8 – 18 – 6
9. Atom E
2 – 8 – 18 – 17 – 5
10. Atom F
1- 7
Set C: Electron transition
Total number
of electrons
Total
number of
electron
shells
Electron
shell with
the highest
energy
electrons
Excited or
ground
state
Atom’s
symbol
Objective: To test your ability to interpret electron transition in atoms
Below, electron transitions from one electron shell to another are given for four different atoms.
Answer questions 11 - 16 based on the electron transition in these atoms.
Atom G:
3rd shell ----------------- > 2nd shell
Atom I: 4th shell-------------------- > 6th shell
Atom H:
1st shell --------------- > 4th shell
Atom J: 5th shell ------------------ > 3rd shell
11. In which atom or atoms are energy absorbed during the electron transition?
12. In which atom or atoms are energy released during the electron transition?
13. In which atom or atoms are spectral lines observed?
14. In which atom is the greatest amount of energy absorbed?
15. In which atom is the greatest amount of energy released?
16. In atom G, compare the energy of the electron in the 3rd shell to that of the electron in the 2nd shell.
22
From “Surviving Chemistry: Workbook”
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.
Worksheet 11
Set D: Bright-line spectra
Topic 3
Objective: To test your ability to analyze bright-line spectra chart
Below, bright-line spectral chart for five elements and four unknown samples are given.
Answer questions 17 - 21 based on the information given in the chart.
7500
7000
6500
6000
5500
5000
wavelength: A (10-10 m)
4500
4000
Lithium (Li)
Sodium (Na)
Helium (He)
Potassium(K)
Cadmium(Cd)
Hydrogen (H)
Unknown W
Unknown X
Unknown Y
Unknown Z
17. List all elements present in unknown sample W .
18. List all elements present in unknown sample X .
19. List all elements present in unknown sample Y.
20. List all elements present in unknown sample Z.
21. Explain, in terms of electron transition, how bright-line spectra are produced by atoms.
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Worksheet 12 : Neutral atoms and ions
Set A: Terms and definitions
.
Topic 3
Objective: By defining these words , you’ll become more familiar
with terms and definitions related to ions and neutral atoms.
Define the terms and answer questions below. Be neat and clear.
1. Neutral atom
2. Ion
3. Positive ion
4. Negative ion
5. Valance electron
Set B: Comparisons in ions and neutral atoms
Objective: To test your knowledge of facts related
of ions and neutral atoms
Answer the followings in one clear sentence.
6. Compare the number of electrons to the number of protons in a neutral atom.
7. Compare the number of electrons of a positive ion to that of the neutral atom.
Include both positive ion and neutral atom in your answer.
8. Compare the number of electrons of a negative ion to that of the neutral atom.
Include both negative ion and neutral atom in your answer.
9. Compare the number of protons to the number of electrons in a positive ion.
Include both protons and electrons in your answer.
10. Compare the number of protons to the number of electrons in a negative ion.
Include both protons and electrons in your answer.
11. Compare the size of a positive ion to that of the neutral atom.
Include both positive ion and neutral atom in your answer.
12. Compare the size of a negative ion to that of the neutral atom.
Include both negative ion and neutral atom in your answer.
24
From “Surviving Chemistry: Workbook”
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.
Worksheet 12
Set C:
Particles in atoms and ions
Topic 3
Objective: To test your ability to determine information
from atomic and ionic symbols.
Below, symbol of an atom or ion is given. Complete the table below based on the symbol given
Atom and Ion
symbols
13.
Atomic
number
Number of
protons
Number of
electrons
Number of
neutrons
Electron configuration
C
14.
C 415.
16.
Sr
Sr2+
17. 27
Al
18.
27
Al3+
19. 31P
20. 31 -3
P
Set D: Determining charge of atom.
Objective: To test your ability to determine charge of
atoms based on the number of subatomic particles
Determine the charge of each atom based on information given.
21. Atom A:
22.
46 protons, 61 neutrons, 42 electrons.
Charge =
Atom B: mass number of 209, nuclear charge of 83, and 81 electrons:
Charge =
23. Atoms C: nuclear charge of 32, 36 electrons , 39 neutron
Charge =
24. Atoms D: 54 electrons, 122 nucleons, atomic number 51
Charge =
25. Atom E:
28 neutrons, nuclear charge of 22, 20 electrons
Copyright©2010 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved.
Charge =
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25
Answers
Worksheet 8: Historical development of atoms
.
Set A: Historical atomic models
Topic 3: The atomic structure
Objective: To test your knowledge of historical atomic models
Draw and briefly describe each historical model of the atom.
1. Hard sphere model
2. Plum-pudding model
3. Empty space model
4. Bohr’s model
5. Wave mechanical model
6. State two conclusions of the Gold foil experiment.
. Atom is mostly empty space
.The center of the atom is dense, small, and positively charged
7. State conclusions of the Cathode ray experiment.
. One of the particles in atoms is negatively charge
. Negative and positive charged particles are disperses through the atom
Copyright©2011 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved.
17
Worksheet 9: The Atomic Structures
Set A: Terms and definitions
.
Topic 3
Objective: By defining these words, you will become more familiar with
atomic structure related terms and their definitions.
Define, neatly and clearly, the following atomic structure related terms.
1. Nucleus
2. Neutron
3. Proton
4. Electron
5. Nucleons
6. Atomic number
7. Mass number
8. Atomic mass
9. Isotopes
10. Atomic mass unit
Set B: The Subatomic Particles
Objective: To test your knowledge of facts related to the
three subatomic particles
Complete the table below
Subatomic particles
11.
Proton
12.
Electron
13.
Neutron
18
Symbol
Mass
Charge
Location
p
1
+1
Nucleus
e
0
-1
1
+1
0
-1
1n
0
Orbital (outside
nucleus)
1
0
nucleus
Copyright © 2011 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved.
.
Worksheet 9
Set C:
Determining number of atomic particles
Topic 3
Objective: To test your ability to determine number
of particles in an atom .
14. Complete the table below based on information provided for each atom. All the atoms are neutral.
Protons
electrons
Neutrons
Mass
Number
Atomic
number
Nuclear
charge
Nucleons
58
102
44
+44
102
Element’s
symbol
Atom A
44
Atom B
84
84
125
209
84
+84
209
Po
Atom C
25
25
31
56
25
+25
56
Mn
Atom D
89
89
140
229
89
+89
229
Ac
Atom E
28
28
30
58
28
+28
58
Ni
Atom F
92
92
141
233
92
+92
233
U
Atom G
56
56
82
138
56
+56
138
Ba
44
Set D: Isotope symbols
Ru
Objective: To test your ability to relate isotope symbol to number
of particles in an atom
15. Complete the table below based on information provided for each atom/ All the atoms are neutral.
Isotope
symbol
Atom H
142
Atom J
electrons neutrons
Pr
59
59
58
Ce
27
27
27
59
Atom I
Protons
243
Am
95
83
31
Mass
Atomic Nuclear Nucleons
number number charge
142
58
59
27
+59
+27
Nucleus
Diagram
142
59 p
83 n
58
27 p
31 n
243
95 p
148 n
95
148
243
95
+95
77
117
194
77
+77
194
77 p
117 n
95
Atom K
194
77 Ir
Atom L
80
Se
34
34
46
80
34
+34
80
34 p
46 n
Atom M
48
22 V
22
22
26
48
22
+22
48
22 p
26 n
77
Copyright©2011 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved.
19
.
Worksheet 10: Atomic Mass
Set A: Calculating atomic mass
Topic 3
Objective: To test your ability to calculate atomic mass of an element
from relative abundance and mass numbers of its isotopes
Calculate the atomic mass for each element given the relative percentages and the mass numbers of
the isotopes. Show ALL set up and work.
Need help? Study Book pg 38 – 40 Set 12 - 17
1) 19.78 % of 10B
.1978 x 10 = 1.978
11
80.22% of
B
K
6.88 % of
41
3) 78.70 % of
24
10.13 % of
25
K
Mg
Mg
26
11.17 % of
4) 80.0% of
=
10.8022 amu
.9312 x 39 = 36.3168
+
.0688 x 41 = 2.8208
=
39.1376 amu
=
24.3247 amu
=
69.7225 amu
.8022 x
39
2) 93.12 % of
+
Mg
70
X
11 =
8.8242
.7870 x 24 = 18.888
.1013 x
25 =
.1117 x
26 =
+
2.5325
+
2.9042
.800
70 =
56.000
x
+
12.25% of
7.75% of
69
X
.1225 x
69 =
X
.0775 x
68 =
68
8.4525
+
5.270
5) A sample of chlorine contains 75% of chlorine-35 and 25% of chlorine-37. What is the atomic mass of
chlorine? show work.
75% of Cl-35
.75 x 35 = 26.25
+
= 35.5 amu
25% of Cl-37
.25 x 37 =
9.25
6) Element X has two naturally occurring isotopes. If 72% of the atoms have a mass of 85 amu
and 28% of the atoms have a mass of 87 amu, what is the atomic mass of element X. Show work.
72% of X-85
.72
x 85 =
61.2
+
28% of X-87
.28
x
87
=
=
85.56 amu
24.37
7) The atomic mass of an element is dependent upon what two factors?
Mass numbers and percent abundances of all naturally occurring isotopes
20
Copyright © 2011 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved.
Worksheet 11: Bohr’s atomic model and electron
configuration
.
Topic 3
Set A: Drawing Bohr’s atomic model
Objective: To test your ability to obtain information from
electron configuration, and to draw Bohr’s atomic model.
Based on information from the Periodic Table, answer questions in each box about the given element.
Then draw Bohr’s atomic model for the element.
1. Magnesium - 25
2. Neon - 21
Electron configuration:
3
Number of electron shells: ____
3rd
Valance shell:
:
____
Number of valance electrons: ____
2
Draw Bohr’s atomic model for magnesium-25.
Indicate appropriate number of particles in the
nucleus, and electrons (-) in electron shells.
Electron configuration:
2
Number of electron shells: ____
2nd
Valance shell:
:
____
Number of valance electrons: ____
8
Draw Bohr’s atomic model for neon-21.
Indicate appropriate number of particles in the
nucleus, and electrons (-) in electron shells.
2 e8e2e-
8e2e-
12 p
13 n
3. Rubidium - 86
10 p
11 n
4. Selenium - 78
Electron configuration:
5
Number of electron shells: ____
5th
Valance shell:
:
____
1
Number of valance electrons: ____
Draw Bohr’s atomic model for rubidium-86.
Indicate appropriate number of particles in the
nucleus, and electrons (-) in electron shells.
Electron configuration:
4
Number of electron shells: ____
4th
Valance shell:
:
____
Number of valance electrons:____
6.
Draw Bohr’s atomic model for selenium-78.
Indicate appropriate number of particles in the
nucleus, and electrons (-) in electron shells.
6e18e8e2e-
1e8e18e8e1e-
37 p
49 n
Copyright©2011 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved.
34 p
44 n
21
.
Worksheet 11
Set B:
Electron configurations
Excited and Ground States
Topic 3
Objective: To test your ability to interpret electron configuration
Electron configurations for six atoms are given. Complete information about each neutral atom on the
table .
Electron
configuration
5.
Total number
of electrons
Total
number of
electron
shells
Electron
shell with
the highest
energy
electrons
Excited or
ground
state
Atom’s
symbol
Atom A
2–8–4
14
3
3rd
Ground
Si
6. Atom B
2–3–1
6
3
3rd
Excited
C
7. Atom C
2–8–7–1
18
4
4th
Excited
Ar
8. Atom D
2 – 8 – 18 – 6
34
4
4th
Ground
Se
9. Atom E
2 – 8 – 18 – 17 – 5
50
5
5th
Excited
Sn
10. Atom F
1- 7
8
2
2nd
Excited
O
Set C: Electron transition
Objective: To test your ability to interpret electron transition in atoms
Below, electron transitions from one electron shell to another are given for four different atoms.
Answer questions 11 - 16 based on the electron transition in these atoms.
Atom G:
3rd shell ----------------- > 2nd shell
Atom I: 4th shell-------------------- > 6th shell
Atom H:
1st shell --------------- > 4th shell
Atom J: 5th shell ------------------ > 3rd shell
11. In which atom or atoms are energy absorbed during the electron transition?
Atom H and Atom I
12. In which atom or atoms are energy released during the electron transition? Atom G and Atom J
13. In which atom or atoms are spectral lines observed? Atom G and Atom J
14. In which atom is the greatest amount of energy absorbed? Atom H
15. In which atom is the greatest amount of energy released? Atom J
16. In atom G, compare the energy of the electron in the 3rd shell to that of the electron in the 2nd shell.
Energy of electron in the 3rd shell is greater than energy of the electron in the 2nd shell
22
Copyright © 2011 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved.
.
Worksheet 11
Set D: Bright-line spectra
Topic 3
Objective: To test your ability to analyze bright-line spectra chart
Below, bright-line spectral chart for five elements and four unknown samples are given.
Answer questions 17 - 21 based on the information given in the chart.
7500
7000
6500
6000
5500
5000
wavelength: A (10-10 m)
4500
4000
Lithium (Li)
Sodium (Na)
Helium (He)
Potassium(K)
Cadmium(Cd)
Hydrogen (H)
Unknown W
Unknown X
Unknown Y
Unknown Z
17. List all elements present in unknown sample W .
Cadmium (Cd) and Sodium (Na)
18. List all elements present in unknown sample X .
Potassium (K) and Lithium (Li)
19. List all elements present in unknown sample Y.
Helium (He) and Lithium (Li)
20. List all elements present in unknown sample Z.
Helium (He), Hydrogen (H) and Sodium (Na)
21. Explain, in terms of electron transition, how bright-line spectra are produced by atoms.
Bright-line spectra are produced by electrons going from high (excited) state to
Low (ground ) state.
Copyright©2011 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved.
23
Worksheet 12 : Neutral atoms and ions
Set A: Terms and definitions
.
Topic 3
Objective: By defining these words , you’ll become more familiar
with terms and definitions related to ions and neutral atoms.
Define the terms and answer questions below. Be neat and clear.
1. Neutral atom
2. Ion
3. Positive ion
4. Negative ion
5. Valance electron
Set B: Comparisons in ions and neutral atoms
Objective: To test your knowledge of facts related
of ions and neutral atoms
Answer the followings in one clear sentence.
6. Compare the number of electrons to the number of protons in a neutral atom. They are EQUAL
7. Compare the number of electrons of a positive ion to that of the neutral atom. Include both positive
ion and neutral atom in your answer. A positive ion has FEWER electrons than the neutral atom
8. Compare the number of electrons of a negative ion to that of the neutral atom. Include both negative
ion and neutral atom in your answer. A negative ion has MORE electrons the neutral atom
9. Compare number of protons to the number of electrons in a positive ion. Include both protons and
electrons in your answer. A positive ion has MORE protons than electrons
10. Compare number of protons to the number of electrons in a negative ion. Include both protons and
electrons in your answer. A negative ion has FEWER protons than electrons
11. Compare the size of a positive ion to that of the neutral atom. Include both positive ion and neutral
atom in your answer. A positive ion is generally SMALLER than the neutral atom
12. Compare the size of a negative ion to that of the neutral atom. Include both negative ion and neutral
atom in your answer. A negative ion is generally BIGGER than the neutral atom
24
Copyright © 2011 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved.
.
Worksheet 12
Set C:
Particles in atoms and ions
Topic 3
Objective: To test your ability to determine information
from atomic and ionic symbols.
Below, symbol of an atom or ion is given. Complete the table below based on the symbol given
Atom and Ion
symbols
Atomic
number
Number of
protons
C
6
6
6
2–4
C 4-
6
6
8
2–8
Sr
38
38
38
2 – 8 – 18 – 8 – 2
Sr2+
38
38
36
2 – 8 – 18 – 8
13
13
13
14
2–8–3
13
13
10
14
2–8
19. 31P
15
15
15
16
2–8–5
20. 31 -3
15
15
18
16
2–8–8
13.
Number of
electrons
Number of
neutrons
Electron configuration
14.
15.
16.
17. 27
Al
18.
27
Al3+
P
Set D: Determining charge of atom.
Objective: To test your ability to determine charge of
atoms based on the number of subatomic particles
Determine the charge of each atom based on information given.
Charge =
+4
Charge =
+2
23. Atoms C: nuclear charge of 32, 36 electrons , 39 neutron
Charge =
-4
24. Atoms D: 54 electrons, 122 nucleons, atomic number 51
Charge =
-3
21. Atom A:
22.
46 protons, 61 neutrons, 42 electrons.
Atom B: mass number of 209, nuclear charge of 83, and 81 electrons:
25. Atom E:
28 neutrons, nuclear charge of 22, 20 electrons
Copyright©2011 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved.
Charge =
+2
25