Political Science Unit 4
Judicial Branch
Unit Objectives:
 Describes the powers, roles, and responsibilities of the judicial branch of the national,
state and local governments* (QCC 7, 11, 12) (GHSGT) (CT: Citizenship) by...
--evaluating the significance of judicial review
--distinguishing between civil and criminal law
--explaining the system of courts and court proceedings
Reading Responsibilities:
Magruders American Government
Chapters: 11 (all);12(all) and 13 (all)
Monday 4/14
Tuesday 4/15
Read Chapter 11.1
and 11.2
Video “The
Supreme Court”
-Vocabulary
Activity 11
-Guided Reading
Activity 11-2 and
11-3
-HW: Read 12.1
&12.2
Study for Vocab
Quiz
Monday 4/21
Tuesday 4/22
-Vocab Activity
13
Civil Liberties
Notes
- HW: Brown vs.
Board of Ed.
Monday 4/28
-Gideon’s
Trumpet Movie
First Period
Supreme Court
Case Quiz
-Individual
Freedom notes
Wednesday
4/16
Chap 11 Vocab
Quiz
- Judicial
Background Notes
-11.2 notes
HW; Read 12.3
Wednesday
4/23
Chapter 12 and 13
Vocab Quiz
-Begin Supreme
Court Mini Project
Tuesday 4/29
Wednesday
4/30
EOCT so no 1st or
5th
-Gideon’s Trumpet
Movie Fifth Period
and Savage’s 6th
period
Thursday 4/17
-Court Cases to
Know in 336
Computer Lab
-Marbury vs.
Madison finish for
HW
Thursday 4/24
Review for Test
Thursday 5/1
Friday 4/18
-Go over Marbury
-Vocabulary
Activity 12
Guided Reading
13.1
HW: Read 13.2
and 3
Friday 4/25
Judicial Test
Notebook Due
Friday 5/2
Begin Next Unit
Review
Turn in Projects
Name: ___________________________________________ Period:______
Portfolio Grade: _____
American Government
Unit 6 – The Judicial Branch Vocabulary
11.1
Concurrent Jurisdiction
Original Jurisdiction
Appellate Jurisdiction
Litigant
Due Process Clause
11.2
Grand Jury
Indictment
Petit Jury
Judicial Circuit
Senatorial Courtesy
11.3
Riding The Circuit
Opinion
12.1
Writ of Certiorari
Per Curiam Opinion
Brief
Amicus Curiae
Majority Opinion
Dissenting Opinion
12.2
Judicial Review
Impound
Stare Decisis
Precedent
Advisory Opinion
Dixon
Judicial Branch Background Notes
 Federal court system was established by Article___ of the Constitution
 2 separate court systems in the US
 National system of courts
 States have their own systems that hear most of the cases in the US.
Congress has created two types of federal courts
 __________________ courts, including the ____________ Court, courts of appeals,
the district courts and the Court of International ____________.
 _____________ or legislative courts are created by congress to hear only a limited
range of specialized cases.
 Federal courts hear cases that deal with the _________________ and __________________
of provisions of the Constitution or of any federal state or treaty.
 They also hear cases that arise on the high ________ or in the navigable waters of the US.
 All cases that do not fall under the ___________________ of the federal courts are within
the jurisdiction of the __________ courts.
 Some have _________________ jurisdiction
 Some have _________________ jurisdiction, federal courts only
 _________________ courts to which a case is appealed from a lower court is said to have
appellate jurisdiction.
 Federal judges are _________________ for _____________ and may be removed only
through the _______________ process.
 Presidents almost always _________________ persons from their own _______________
who share their ______________ of government.
 Each district court has many officials who assist the district judge, these include
____________, bailiffs, _________________, federal marshals, US attorneys etc.
American Government
Unit 5 Legislative Branch
Criminal Activity Ppt notes
SSCG21 The student will describe the causes and effects of criminal activity.
• Examine the nature and causes of crimes.
• Explain the effects criminal acts have on their intended victims.
• Categorize different types of crimes.
• Explain the different types of defenses used by perpetrators of crime.
Crimes
Crime: Act that breaks a law _____________ injury or harm to people and/or ____________ in general.
Most crimes break __________ but more and more crimes break federal law, tax fraud, _____________, drug
trafficking, mail fraud, ____________, crimes across state lines.
Criminal Justice System Includes
State and Federal Courts
_____________
Lawyers
_____________
Prisons
All enforce Criminal Law.
Juvenile Justice System
Types of Crimes
States have penal code(written laws)
3 types of crimes
Petty Offenses
• _____________, minor traffic tickets,
• Disturbing the peace
• _____________
Punishments; ticket, citation not arrested.
Misdemeanors More serious crimes.
• _____________
• Simple assault
• Stealing (small items)
• _____________ (modest amts)
• Drunk and Disorderly
Punishment: fine or jail for one year or less.
Felonies The most serious of crimes
• Burglary
• _____________
• Arson
• Rape
• _____________
• Forgery
• Manslaughter
• _____________
Dixon
Punishment for Felonies
Punishment for murder punishment can be death, in GA can be 1-20 years, life, life w/o parole or death.
Punishshment can be prison for more than one year.
Felons may lose civil rights
_____________
Owning a firearm
_____________
Also may lose right to certain jobs, military, law, teaching and law enforcement.
DUI is a misdemeanor that can lead to a felony if the person has been convicted before.
Juvenile Justice System
Juvenile justice system is in place to deal with infants and children up to age __
Juvenile records are _______, not open to the public; at age 18 the records can be
expunged. (erased)
In some cases children as young as 13 have been tried as adults.
Examine the nature and causes of crimes.
Explain the effects criminal acts have on their intended victims.
What are the reasons for committing crimes?
Psychological/Mental instability-rape (power and control), _____________.
Need/Desire-a need or a want commit crimes like burglary, _____________, robbery.
Societal-Social structure, lack of education, _____________, peer pressure.
Who commits crimes?
FBI Website Data
http://www.fbi.gov/ucr/cius2008/arrests/index.html
Explain the effects criminal acts have on their intended victims.
Psychological and physical effects
_____________
Personal injury
Victim _____________, support groups, civil actions.
Explain the different types of defenses used by perpetrators of crime.
Insanity Defense
_____________
Presumption of Innocence
Reasonable Doubt
_____________
Under the Influence
_____________
http://www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/article-30275.html
Enduring Understanding
Essential Questions
Individuals commit crimes for different reasons.
Why do people commit crimes and what effects do these criminal acts have on their intended victims? (CG21)
Due process rights are an essential part of the civil justice system in a democratic society.
Why are due process rights important to individuals accused of committing a crime? (CG22)
Political Science
Unit 6 The Judicial Branch
Dixon
Supreme Court Cases You Need to Know
Name: ______________________
Period: ______
1. Marbury vs. Madison
2. Gibbons vs. Ogden
3. Dred Scott vs. Sanford
4. Ex Parte Milligan
5. Plessy vs. Ferguson
6. Schenck vs. United States
7. Brown vs. Board of Education
8. Mapp vs. Ohio
9. Baker vs. Carr
10. Engel vs. Vitale
11. Escobedo vs. Illinois
12. Miranda vs. Arizona
13. Roe vs. Wade
14. Gideon vs. Wainwright
15. New Jersey vs. T.L.O.
16. Regents of University of California vs. Bakke
17. Katz vs. United States
18. In Re Gault
Civil Liberties: First Amendment Freedoms
The Unalienable Rights





The _________________, especially its _________________, guarantees many rights
and liberties which reflect the principle of _________________.
An _________________ rights can be exercised only to the extent that they do not limit
the rights of others; if there is conflict, one right must take precedence.
_________________ vs. Civil Rights; civil liberties are protections against government,
civil rights are positive acts of gov’t that seek tot make the guarantees of the Constitution
a reality for all people.
The Bill of Rights restricts only the _________________,. Each State
_________________ also contains its own bill of rights.
The 14th Amendment “nationalizes” most of the protections of the Bill of Rights.
Freedom of Religion


Freedom of _________________ is vital to democracy. One key component of this
freedom is the freedom of religion.
Although freedom of religion is guaranteed in part by the _________________, the
nature of the wall between _________________, and state has been the subject of many
court decisions.
__________________________:
"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or _________________
the free exercise thereof ..."

Freedom of religion is also guaranteed in part by the _________________, which
protects people’s right to believe–though not necessarily to do–whatever they wish
regarding religion.
Examples
_________________, 370 U.S. 421 (1962) - Court finds school prayer unconstitutional
_________________, 310 U.S. 586 (1940) - Supreme Court rules that a public school may
require students to salute the flag and pledge allegiance even if it violates their religious
scruples.
___________________________________________________, 319 U.S. 624 (1943) - Court
overturns Gobitis but is broader in its scope. No one can be forced to salute the flag or say the
pledge of allegiance if it violates the individual's conscience.
_________________________, 472 U.S. 38 (1985) - Court finds state law enforcing a moment
of silence in schools had a religious purpose and is therefore unconstitutional.
Freedom of Speech and Press
The _________________ amendments’ guarantee of _________________ and
_________________ protect people’s right to speak and their right to be heard.


There are limits to these rights. No one has the right to _________________ or
_________________ another and obscene material is not protected.
Symbolic and commercial speech also enjoy constitutional protection, yet they can be
limited under certain circumstances.
Freedom of Expression and National Security (pp. 506-508)


To protect itself from internal subversion, government can regulate some expression in
the interest of _________________.
The _________________ has held that government has a right to control speech that
creates “a clear and present danger” of violence or harm to public order or national
security.
Freedom of Assembly and Petition



The ______ Amendment guarantees the right to _________________ peaceably and to
_________________ for redress of _________________.
Government can reasonably regulate the time, place, and manner of such expression but
regulations must be “content neutral.”
Freedom of assembly and petition includes a guarantee of _________________.
- Civil Liberties: Protecting Individual Freedoms
Due Process of Law




The ____th and ____th amendments guarantee that government cannot deprive a person of
“life, liberty, or property, _________________________________.”
The meaning of due process has developed along two lines:
1. ________________–government must act according to fair procedures
2. ________________–laws and policies must be fair.
The government does have the power to __________ and promote _________ health, safety,
morals, and general welfare.
The guarantee of due process has led to the creation of the _____________________.
Freedom and Security of the Person




The Constitution guarantees more than _______ dozen individual rights–including security
of the person.
The ____th Amendment was added to the Constitution in _______ to end slavery and to
destroy the “badges and incidents” of slavery.
The ____rd and ____th amendments include protection against unreasonable ____________
and ______________.
The ____nd Amendment guarantees the right to __________ and ________ arms, but
government has the power to restrict that right.
Rights of the Accused



The Constitution establishes several guarantees for persons ___________________:
1. The __________________________ prevents unjust arrests and imprisonment.
2. Bills of attainder–legislative acts that inflict punishment without court trials–are
prohibited.
3. Congress and the States cannot pass _______________________–criminal laws
applied ____________________ to the disadvantage of the accused.
The Federal Government–but not the States–guarantees that those accused of a serious
federal crime will not face charges unless _______________ by a ____________________.
The accused have several guarantees:
1. ____________________________________________________________
2. right to an adequate defense, including access to a lawyer
3. ____________________________________________________________
Rights of the Accused: Punishment

According to federal and State constitutions, the accused must not face
___________________ or fines because the accused are innocent until
___________________.
The Constitution includes a prohibition against _________ and _______________ punishment
Political Science
Unit 6The Judicial Branch
Movie Guide Gideon’s Trumpet
Dixon
Name:_________________________ Period: _______
1. What crime was Gideon first charged with?
2. What state was Gideon imprisoned in?
3. What did Gideon do while in prison?
4. Explain the law under Betts v. Brady.
5. Explain the importance of the Gideon case for people who have been accused of a crime.
6. How did Gideon’s case reach the Supreme Court?
7. What impact did the lawyer have in the second trial?
8. What facts were revealed in the second trial the effected the outcome of the case?
9. What was the outcome of the second trial?
10. What happened to Gideon?
Gideon's Trumpet (1980) (TV)
True story of Clarence Gideon's fight to be appointed counsel at the expense of the
state. This landmark case led to the Supreme Court's decision which extended this
right to all criminal defendants.
Political Science
Dixon
Unit 6 Judicial Branch
Supreme Court Case Mini-Project
Your Assignment is to find one Supreme Court Case and write a one-page summation of the case. Use this
page to take notes and fill in the information regarding your case. Your summation should include all of the
following…
Date of the case:
Case number:
Two Parties involved in the case:
1.
2.
A summary of the case; who did what:
Names of the justices during the case:
1.
3.
5.
7.
2.
4.
6.
8.
Who was the Chief Justice?
Majority opinion and a short summary of the opinion:
Concurrent opinions, if any and a short summary of the opinion:
Dissenting opinions, if any and a short summary of the opinion:
What specific Amendment is the case concerning?
Include a sort synopsis of your views of this case and how you feel that the case has impacted American
society and the history of U.S. law.
This assignment should not take a lot of time. Please type your paper. Use paragraphs and full sentences;
you paper will be graded not only on the information it contains but for grammar and spelling.
Some web sites that may aid you in this project include…
http://www.supremecourtus.gov/
http://guide.lp.findlaw.com/casecode/index.html
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/longterm/supcourt/supcourt.htm