History 405
GERMAN POLITICS, CULTURE AND SOCIETY, 1918-1946
Winter 2012
Dr. Erich Haberer
Wednesday: 5:30-820 p.m.
Room: 1-101A
Office: Woods 4-154
Office hrs: TBA
Ex: 3594/ehaberer@wlu.ca
Course Description: Scope and Themes
This course centres on the history of Weimar and Nazi Germany. It will focus on the rise of
Nazism within the context of the Weimar Republic (1919-1932) and the nature of the Third
Reich as it evolved in the 1930s and eventually collapsed after nearly six years of war and
genocide between 1939 and 1945. The First World War is seen as a starting point of political and
social instability within Germany which led to the establishment of the Nazi Regime. Particular
attention will be paid to the reasons why so many ordinary Germans viewed the Nazi Party
(National-Socialist German Workers Party, NSDAP) as a reasonable political option, how the
Nazis fundamentally changed the lives of the German people, and how the defeat of Nazi
Germany revealed its self-destructive and criminal character. The seminars deal with major
political, social, cultural, ideological, military and economic issues which shaped the problematic
German past in the first half of the twentieth century. The ultimate goal is to aid students in their
understanding of the Nazi experience and to discuss the political and moral lessons that
legitimately can and should be drawn from such a study.
Students with disabilities or special needs are advised to contact Laurier’s Accessible Learning Office for information
regarding its services and resources. Students are encouraged to review the Calendar for information regarding all
services available on campus.
Wilfrid Laurier University uses software that can check for plagiarism. Students may be required to submit their written
work in electronic form and have it checked for plagiarism.
Required Texts
Wibke Bruhns, My Father’s Country. The Story of a German Family
Detlev Peukert, The Weimar Republic
Detlev Peukert, Inside Nazi Germany
Peter Fritzsche, Germans into Nazis
Eberhard Jäckel, Hitler’s World View.
Omer Bartov, Hitler’s Army: Soldiers, Nazism and War
Christopher Browning, Nazi Policy, Jewish Workers, German Killers
Friedrich Percyval Reck-Malleczewen, Diary of a Man in Despair
A Woman in Berlin. Eight Weeks in the Conquered City. A Diary/Anonymous
Leitz, Ch. The Third Reich
Barbara Smith, “The Rules of Engagement: German Women and British Occupiers” (PhD
Dissertation, WLU 2009) – on 3hrs Library loan.
Turabian, K. A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses and Dissertations (6th ed.)
Course Work: Format and Assignments
Weekly Discussions and Participation
The purpose of the seminars is to introduce students to major historiographical issues that
arise from studying Weimar and Nazi Germany. The topics are designed to encourage
critical discussion by moving away from a superficial narrative account of events towards
a deeper understanding of the profound forces which shaped them. In reading primary
and secondary sources, this approach will force students to search for elements of
continuity and discontinuity in German history between 1918 and 1946 and to identify
trends and turning points.
In chairing the seminar sessions, the instructor acts primarily in the capacity of a
moderator. As such, the quality of each session depends on the contribution made by all
participants. This demands that students are well prepared for each and every seminar in
terms of the required readings, pertinent questions, and constructive comments. Full and
active participation is essential to benefit from this course and to ensure that the quality
of your contribution translates into a good participation grade worth 50% of the final
grade. Just attending without actively and constructively participating is not an option.
NOTE: missed classes and non-participation will be graded zero (except for legitimate
and documented medical reasons).
The participation component of the course includes LEADING one of the seminar
sessions of weeks 2 to 11 – usually by one student, but occasionally in pairs (the
scheduling will be arranged during first week’s class). Performance in leading the
seminar will be evaluated on the basis of: (1) a 15-20 minutes introduction to the week’s
topic, which should identify the principal themes of the assigned reading and explain the
author’s main arguments; (2) provide a set of questions that invites discussion; and (3)
assume a leadership role which directs and sustains the discussion throughout the
seminar. (Where the seminar is led as a pair, it is paramount for both students to plan and
coordinate beforehand the presentation and leadership roles).
Written Work
Two critical interpretative essays between 10 and 12 pages in length, excluding title page
and bibliography. The first essay applies to seminar topics 2 to 6 and is due October 24th,
the second essay to seminar topics 7 to 11 and is due on December 6th.
In consultation with the instructor, you can choose your respective topics but it cannot be
the same as the one you are leading the seminar.
Based on the assigned literature of a given weekly topic, you must also use for your
analysis at least 2 to 3 additional pertinent monographs and/or articles and essays cited
under “Recommended” or “Supplementary Readings”. Edited books may also be used
instead of monographs. Please note: three articles/essays equal one monograph.
Although akin to a book review, a critical interpretative essay is not a review - rather it
should be written as an essay which critically and analytically engages to the topical texts
of the assigned weekly topic.
For endnotes or footnotes use Turabian, K. A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses
and Dissertations (6th ed.) or the The Chicago Manual of Style.
Grade Distributions
Participation
Weekly seminar discussions:
Leading one seminar:
30%
20%
Written Work
Two essays (2x25%)
50%
* essays without a conclusion, bibliography, and proper foot- or endnotes will not be accepted
Books Recommended
Allen, W.S. The Nazi Seizure of Power. The Experience of a Single German Town
1922-1945 (1984)
Bartov, O. The Holocaust. Origins, Implementation, Aftermath (2000)
Bessel R. and Feuchtwanger, E.J. eds., Social Change and Political Development in
Weimar Germany
Bracher, K.D. The German Dictatorship: Origins, Structure, and Effects of National
Socialism (1970)
Childers T. and Caplan, J. Reevaluating the Third Reich (1993)
Crew., D. ed., Nazism and the German Society (1994)
Duelffer, J. Nazi Germany: 1933-1945
Evans, R. The Coming of the Third Reich (2004)
_______, The Third Reich in Power (2005)
Fischer, K.P. A History of Nazi Germany (1995)
Frei, N. National Socialist Rule in Germany. The Führer State 1933-1945 (1993)
Green, N. ed., Fascism: An Anthology
Hilberg, R. The Destruction of European Jews. Student Edition (1985)
Hildebrand, K. The Third Reich (1984)
Kershaw, I., Hitler: 1889-1936 Hubris (1998)
________, Hitler: 1936-1945 Nemesis (2000)
________, The Nazi Dictatorship. Problems and Perspectives of Interpretation (1993)
Laqueur, W. ed., Fascism. A Reader’s Guide (1976)
Linz J.J. and Stephan, A., eds, The Breakdown of Democratic Regimes. Europe (1980)
Martel, G. ed., Modern Germany Reconsidered 1870-1945 (1992)
Neumann, F. Behemoth. The Structure and Practice of National Socialism (1942)
Orlov, D. A History of the Nazi Party (1969)
Peukert, D. Inside Nazi Germany. Conformity, Opposition, and Racism in Everyday
Life (1993)
Schoenbaum, David. Hitler’s Social Revolution (1966)
Spielvogel, J.J. Hitler and Nazi Germany. A History (1996 and subsequent editions)
Stachura, P. ed., The Nazi Machtergreifung (1983)
-------. The Weimar Era and Hitler 1918-1933: A Critical Bibliography (1977)
Stein, U.L. et al., Who were the Fascists? Social Roots of European Fascism (1980)
Trevor-Roper, H.R. ed., Hitler’s Table Talk (1973)
Turner, H.A. ed., Nazism and the Third Reich (1972)
Document Readers
Koes, A. et al., eds., The Weimar Source Book
Noakes J. and Pridham, G. Nazism 1919-1945, 4 vols. (University of Exeter Press); 1:
The Rise to Power, 1919-1934 (1996); 2: State, Economy and Society, 1933-1939
(1995); 3: Foreign Policy, War and Extermination (1995); 4: The German Home
Front in World War II, ed. by J. Noakes (1998)
Sax B.C. and Kuntz, D. Inside Hitler’s Germany. A Documentary History (1992)
SCHEDULE OF SEMINAR TOPICS AND READINGS
1.
Sept.12
Introduction
- Format of Seminar and Course Requirements
- Themes and Historiography
______________________________________________________________________________
2.
Sept.19
The Second and the Third Reich in the Lives of People
Text: Bruhns, My Father’s Country. The Story of a German Family
In reading this text keep the following question in mind: What does My
Father’s Country tell us about continuity and discontinuity in German history
from the Kaiserreich to Hitler’s National Socialist dictatorship?
Recommended:
K. H. Jarausch, ed., Reluctant Accomplice. A Wehrmacht Soldier’s Letter from
the Eastern Front (2011); K.H. Jarausch and Michael Geyer, Shattered Past.
Reconstructing German History (2003); E. Jäckel, Hitler in History (1984)
SUPPLEMENTARY READINGS (Fascism and Nazism)
Blinkhorn, M., ed., Fascists and Conservatives
Cassel A. Fascism
Bessel, R., ed., Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany: Comparison and Contrasts (1996)
Eatwell, R. Fascism: A History
Griffin, R., ed., Fascism (esp., 279-307)
Griffin, R. The Nature of Fasism
Hiden J. and Farquharson, J., ed., Explaining Hitler’s Germany
Laffan, M., ed., The Burden of German History
Laqueur, W. Fascism: Past, Present, and Future
Lewin, M. and Kershaw, I., Stalinism and Nazism: Dictatorships in Comparison (1997)
Mason, J. Nazism, Fascism and the Working Classes (1-32, 212-30, 323-331)
McGregor, J.A. Interpretations of Fascism
Nolte, E. Three Faces of Fascism (1965)
Payne, S.G. Fascism: Comparison and Definition
Stackelberg, R. Hitler’s Germany: Origins, Interpretations, Legacies (1999)
Weber, E. Varieties of Fascism]
3.
Sept.26
Weimar Politics and the Failure of Democracy
Text: Peukert, The Weimar Republic, xi-xv, 3-77, 191-272
Recommended:
W.S. Allen, The Nazi Seizure of Power, esp., 4-147
D. Schumann, Political Violence in the Weimar Republic, 1918-1933
E.D. Weitz, Weimar Germany. Promise and Tragedy (2007)
SUPPLEMENTARY READINGS
Documents
Koes, A. et al., eds., The Weimar Source Book, 1-178
Sax, B. and Kuntz, D. Inside Hitler’s Germany, 1-60
Books and Articles
Abel, T. Why Hitler Came to Power (1986)
Abramham, D. The Collapse of the Weimar Republic: Political Economy and Crisis
Angress, W.T. The Stillborn Republic: The Communist Bid for Power in Germany
Bessel, R., Germany after the First World War
Breitman, R. German Socialism and Weimar Democracy
Broszat, M. Hitler and the Collapse of Weimar Germany (1987)
Caplan, J. “The Rise of National Socialism in 1919-1933,” in G. Martel, ed., Modern
Germany Reconsidered, 1870-1945 (1992), 117-39
Caplan, J. Government without Administration: State and Civil Service in Weimar and
Nazi Germany
Childers, T. The Nazi Voter: The Social Foundations of Fascism in Germany, 1919-1933
Diehl, F.M. Paramilitary Politics in Weimar Germany
Dopalen, A. Hindenburg and the Weimar Republic
Epstein, K. Matthias Erzberger and the Dilemma of German Democracy
Feldman, G. The Great Disorder: Politics, Economics and Society in the German
Inflation
Fritzsche, P. Rehearsal for Fascism: Populism and Political Mobilization in Weimar
Germany
Geyer, M. “Professionals and Junkers: German Rearmament and Politics in the Weimar
Republic,” in R. Bessel and E.J. Feuchtwanger, eds., Social Change and Political
Development in Weimar Germany
Grill, J.H. The Nazi Movement in Baden, 1920-1945 (1983)
Guttman, W. The Great Inflation, Germany 1919-1923
Haffner, S., Failure of a Revolution: Germany
Hamilton, R. Who Voted for Hitler (1982)
Hayes, P. “A Question Mark with Epaulettes? Kurt von Schleicher and Weimar Politics,”
Journal of Modern History, 52 (1980): 35-65.
Holborn, H. From Republic to Reich: The Making of the Nazi Revolution (1979)
Hong, Young-Sun Welfare, Modernity, and the Weimar State, 1919-1933
James, H. The German Slump: Politics and Economics, 1924-1936 (1986)
Jones, L.E. German Liberalism and the Dissolution of the Weimar Party System, 19181933
Kater, M. The Nazi Party. A Social Profile of Members and Leaders, 1919-45 (1983)
Kershaw, I., ed., Weimar: Why did German Democracy Fail (1992)
Lepsius, M.R. “From Fragmented Party Democracy to Government by Emergency
Decree and Nationalist Socialist Takeover,” in J.J. Linz and A. Stephan, eds, The
Breakdown of Democratic Regimes. Europe (1980)
Matthias, E. eds., Germany, Democracy and the Triumph of Hitler (1971)
McNeil, W. American Money and the Weimar Republic
Merkl, P. Political Violence Under the Swastika (1975)
Mommsen, H. National Socialism: Continuity and Change
Muehlberger, D. Hitler’s Followers (1991)
Muehlberger, D., “The Sociology of NSDAP: the Question of Working-Class
Membership,” Journal of Contemorary History 15 (1980): 493-511
Nicholls, A.J. Weimar and the Rise of Hitler (1979)
Noakes, J. The Nazi Party in Lower Saxony, 1921-1933 (1971)
Petzina, D. “Germany and the Great Depression,” Journal of Contemporary History
(1969)
Pridham, G. Hitler’s Rise to Power: The Nazi Movement in Bavaria (1973)
Temin, P. “The Beginning of the Depression in Germany,” Economic History Review, 24
(1971): 240-48.
Turner, H.A Stresemann and the Politics of the Weimar Republic
Waite, R. Vanguard of Nazism: The Free Corps Movement
Walliman, M. Radical Perspectives on the Rise of National Socialism in Germany, 19191945 (1989)
Webb, S. Hyperinflation and Stabilization in Weimar Germany
Winkler, H.A. “The Social Conditions of Hitler’s Rise to Power,” Journal of
Contemporary History (1976)
*Special Issue of Central European History, 17 (March 1984): “Who Voted for Hitler,”
articles by Hamilton, Childers, Allen, and others
______________________________________________________________________________
4.
Oct. 3
Weimar Culture and Society: Modernity, its Critics and the Nazi Alternative
Text: Peukert, The Weimar Republic, 79- 190, 274-82
Recommended:
Peter Gay, Weimar Culture: The Outsider as Insider (1968); Modris Eksteins,
Rites of Spring: The Great War and the Birth of the Modern Age (1989, chs. 910); Eberhard Kolb, The Weimar Republic (1988); E.D. Weitz, Weimar Germany.
Promise and Tragedy (2007)
SUPPLEMENTARY
Documents
Koes, The Weimar Sourcebook, 285-634
Books and Articles
Abraham, D. “Constituting Hegemony: the Bourgeois Crisis of Weimar Germany,”
Journal of Modern History, 51 (1979): 417-33
Bullivant, K., ed. Culture and Society in the Weimar Republic
Deak, I. Weimar Germany’s Left-Wing Intellectuals
Friedrich, O. Before the Deluge: A Portrait of Berlin in the 1920s
Reck-Malleczewen, Friedrich Diary of a Man in Despair (1970)
Guttsman, W.L., Workers’ Culture in Weimar Germany
Hamilton, N. The Brothers Mann: The Lives of Heinrich and Thomas Mann
Herf, J. Reactionary Modernism: Technology, Culture, and Politics in Weimar
and the Third Reich (1984)
Kershaw, I., The ‘Hitler Myth’. Image and Reality in the Third Reich (1987), esp. ch. 1
Laqueur, W. Weimar: A Cultural History (1974)
Jelavich, P. Berlin Cabaret
Laqueur, W. Weimar: A Cultural History (1974)
Lewis, B.I. Georg Grosz:Art and Politics in Weimar Germany
Mosse, G.L. Nationalization of the Masses
Murray, B. Film and the German Left: The Weimar Republic
Plummer, T.G., ed., Film and Politics in the Weimar Republic
Ridley, H. “The Culture of Weimar: Models of Decline,” in Laffan, The Burden of
German History
Saunders, T.J. Hollywood in Berlin: American Cinema in Weimar Germany
Schrader, B. and Schebera, J. The Golden Twenties
Sontheimer, K. “Weimar Culture,” in Laffan, The Burden of German History
Steinweis, A., “Weimar Culture and the Rise of National Socialism. The Kampfbund für
deutsche Kultur,” Central European History, 24, no. 4 (1991), 402-23
Willett, J. Art and Politics in the Weimar Republic
______________________________________________________________________________
5.
Oct.10
Hitler: Personality, Ideology and Role in Nazism
Text: E. Jäckel, Hitler’s World View (1981)
Recommended: R. Rosenbaum, Explaining Hitler (1998); I. Kershaw, “‘Working
Towards the Führer.’ Reflections on the Nature of the Hitler Dictatorship,” in
Leitz, Third Reich, ch. 9, and “Hitler Myth: Image and Reality in the Third
Reich,” in D.F Crew, Nazism and German Society, 197-215
SUPPLEMENTARY READINGS
Documents
Noakes, J. and Pridham, G. Nazism 1919-1945, vol.1
Sax and Kuntz, Inside Nazi Germany, 61-124
Books and Articles
Bracher, K.D. “The Role of Hitler: Perspectives of Interpretation,” in Laqueur W.,
Fascism: A Reader’s Guide, 193-212
Broszat, M, Hitler and the Collapse of the Weimar Republic
Bullock, A., Hitler: A Study in Tyranny (1962)
Caplan, J. “The Rise of National Socialism, 1919-1933,” in Martel, Modern Germany
Reconsidered, 117-139
Carr, W. Hitler. A Study in Personality and Politics (1978)
Fest, J. Hitler (1971)
Haffner, S. The Meaning of Hitler (1979)
Hamann, B., Hitler’s Wien (1999)
Hiden, J and . Farquharson, J., Explaining Hitler’s Germany
Jäckel, E. Hitler in History (1984)
Kershaw, I., Hitler: 1889-1936 Hubris (1998)
-----------, Hitler: 1936-1945 Nemesis (2000)
-----------, The ‘Hitler Myth’. Image and Reality in the Third Reich (1987)
B.F. Smith, Adolf Hitler: His Family, Childhood, and Youth (1970)
Waite, G.L., The Psychopathic God (1977)
____________________________________________________________________________
6.
Oct.17
The Nazi Seizure and Consolidation of Power: What turned “Germans into
Nazis” and by what Means did the NSDAP consolidate its Rule?
Text: Peter Fritzsche, Germans into Nazis (1999); D. Mühlberger, “Rise of
the NSDAP” and A. Tyrell, “Seizure and Consolidation of Power,” in Leitz, 1148
Recommended: W.S. Allen, The Nazi Seizure of Power, ch. 10-15; D.
Schoenberg, Hitler’s Social Revolution. Class and Status in Nazi German 19331939 (1966)
SUPPLEMENTARY READINGS (Nazi social and economic policies)
Documents:
Noakes, Nazi Germany, 1919-1945, vol. 4: 1-301
Sax and Kuntz, Inside Nazi Germany, 125-76, 367-96
Books and Articles
Lüdtke, A. “The ‘Honor of Labor’: Industrial Workers and the Power of Symbols under
National Socialism,” in Crew, Nazism and German Society, 67-109
Allen, W. The Nazi Seizure of Power, chs. 11-14
Barkai, A. Nazi Economics: Ideology, Theory, and Policy (1990)
Borchardt, K. Perspectives on Modern German Economic History (1991)
Borkin, J. The Crime and Punishment of I.G. Farben (1979)
Broszat, M. Hitler’s State (1981)
Burleigh, M. ed., Confronting the Nazi Past: new Debates on Modern German History
Carroll, B. Design for Total War, Arms and Economics in the Third Reich
Gellately, R., “The Gestapo and German Society: Political Denunciation in the Gestapo
Case Files,” Journal of Modern History, 58 (1988), 654-94
Grunberger, R. A Social History of the 3rd Reich
James, H. The German Slump: Politics and Economics, 1924-1936 (1986)
Mallmann, K.M. and Paul, G. “Omniscient, Omnipotent, Omnipresent? Gestapo, Society
and Resistance,” in Crew, Nazism and German Society, 166-98
Mason, T. “The Primacy of Politics - Politics and Economics in National Socialist
Germany,” in H.A. Turner, ed., Nazism and the Third Reich (1972): 175-200
Milward, A. The German Economy at War (1965)
------- . “Fascism and the Economy,” in W. Laqueur, ed., Fascism (1979): 409-53
Nathan, O. The Nazi Economic: Germany’s Mobilization for War (1971)
Overy, R.J. “Hitler’s War and the German Economy: A Reinterpretation,” Economic
History Review, 35 (1982): 272-91
------- . The Nazi Economic Recovery, 1932-38 (1982)
------- . War and the Economy in the Third Reich (1994)
Schweitzer, A. Big Business in the Third Reich (1965)
Sohn-Rethel, A. The Economy and Class Structure of German Fascism (1987)
Tipton, F.B. “The Economic Dimension in German History,” in G. Martel, ed., Modern
Germany Reconsidered 1870-1945 (1992): 211-36
Turner, H.A. Germany, Big Business, and the Rise of Hitler (1985)
Wheaton, E.B. Prelude to Calamity: The Nazi Revolution, 1933-35 (1968)
* AHR exchange between Turner, Mason and Abraham, American Historical Review
(1983), 1143-49
______________________________________________________________________________
7.
Oct.24
Life in Nazi Germany: Workers, Women, Youth, and “Community Aliens”
Text : D. Peukert, Inside Nazi Germany. Conformity, Opposition, and Racism in
Everyday Life; “Working Class and Volksgemeinschaft” and “Women”, in
Leitz, chs. 6 and 8
Recommended: Claudia Koonz, Mothers of the Fatherland; Bridenthal, R., et al.,
When Biology became Destiny: Women in Weimar and Nazi Germany; Gisela
Bock, “Antinatalism, Maternity and Paternity in National Socialism,” in D. F.
Crew, Nazism and German Society, 1933–1945 (1995): 110-40; Nora Woln, The
Approaching Storm: One Woman’s Story of Germany, 1934-1938;
SUPPLEMENTARY READING
Documents
Noakes, Nazi Germany, 1919-1945, vol. 4: 302-580 Sax and Kuntz, Inside Hitler’s
Germany, 219-326
Books and Articles
Barbian, Ian-Bieter, “Literary Policy in the Third Reich,” in Glenn R. Cuomo, ed.
National Socialist Cultural Policy
Bessel, R. “Living with the Nazis: some Recent Writing on the Social History of the
Third Reich,” European History Quarterly 14 (1984): 211-20
------- . ed., Life in the Third Reich (1987)
Bleuel, H.P. Sex and Society in Nazi Germany (1973)
Block, G. “Antinatalism, Maternity and Paternity in National Socialist Racism,” in Crew,
Nazism and German Society, 110-140
Eley, G. “Labour History, Social History, Alltagsgeschichte: Experience, Culture and the
Politics of the Everyday - A new Direction for German Social History?,” Journal
of Modern History, 61 (1989): 297-343
Engelmann, B. In Hitler’s Germany: Everyday Life in the Third Reich
Grunberger, R. “‘The Family’, ‘Women’, ‘Youth’,” in The 12-Year Reich: A Social
History of Germany 1933-1945 (1971)
Hinz, B. Art in the Third Reich
Kater, M. The Twisted Muse: Musicians and their Music in the Third Reich (1997)
------- . Different Drummers: Jazz and the Culture of Nazi Germany (1992)
Kershaw, I. “Popular Opinion in the Third Reich,” in Government, Party and the People
in Nazi Germany
Koonz, Mothers in the Fatherland: Women, the Family and Nazi Politics
Koshar, R, Social Life, Local Politics, and Nazism (1986)
Loewenberg, P. “The Psychohistorical Origins of the Nazi Youth Cohort,” American
Historical Review 76, no.5 (December 1971)
McIntyre, J. “Women and the Professions in Germany, 1930-1940,” in A. Nicholas and
G.L. Moose, Nazi Culture: Intellectual, Cultural, Social Life in the Third Reich
(1966)
Müller, I. Hitler’s Justice: The Courts of the Third Reich (1991)
Pauwels, J.R. Women, Nazis and the Universities (1984)
Rosenhaft, E. “Women in Modern Germany,” in Martel, Modern Germany Reconsidered,
140-58
Rupp, L.J. “I don’t Call that Volksgemeinschaft: Women, Class and War in Nazi
Germany,” in C. Berkin and C. Lovet, eds., Women, War and Revolution (1980)
Schulte-Sasse, L. Entertaining the Third Reich. Illusions of Wholeness in Nazi Cinema
(1996)
Steinweis, A. Art, Ideology and Economics in Nazi Germany: The Reich Chambers of
Music, Theatre, and the Visual Art
Stephenson, J. Women in Nazi Germany
Stephenson, J. “Women, Motherhood and the Family in the Third Reich,” in
M. Burleigh, ed., Confronting the Nazi Past: new Debates on Modern German
History
Taylor, B. and Van der Will, W., eds., Nazification of Art: Art, Design, Music,
Architecture and Film in the Third Reich
Von Sladern, A., “Victims or Perpetrators? Controversies about the Role of Women in
the Nazi State,” in Crew, Nazism and German Society, 141-65
Welch, D. “Nazi Film Policy: Control, Ideology, and Propaganda,” in Cuomo, National
Socialist Cultural Policy
See also P. Stachura, ed., The Shaping of the Nazi State (1978) for:
Giles, G. J. “The Rise of the National Socialist Students’ Association and the
Failure of Political Education in the Third Reich,” ch. 5: 160-185
Stephenson, J. “ The Nazi Organization of Women 1933-39,” ch. 6: 186-209
Noakes, J. “The Oldenburg Crucifix Struggle of November 1936: A Case of
Opposition in the Third Reich,” ch. 7: 210-233
Phillips, M.S. “The German Film Industry and the New Order, ch. 9: 257-281
____________________________________________________________________________
8.
Oct.31
The Wehrmacht and Nazi Gemany at War
Text: Bartov, Hitler’s Army: Soldiers, Nazis, and the War in the Third Reich
Recommended: Theo Schulte, The German Army and Nazi Policies in Occupied
Russia (1989); J. Forster, “The German Army and the Ideological War,” in G.
Hirschfeld, eds. The Politics of Genocide; Ulrich Herbert, National Socialist
Extermination Politics, chs. 5 and 6.
SUPPLEMENTARY READINGS
Documents
Noakes and Pridham, Nazi Germany, 1919-1945, vol. 3: 755-998 and vol. 4: 637-73
Sax and Kuntz, Inside Nazi Germany, 354-63
Books and Articles
Addington, L.G. The Blitzkrieg Era and the German General Staff (1971)
Bartov, O. The Eastern Front, 1941-45. German Troops and the Barbarization of
Warfare (1985)
-------. “The Missing Years: German Workers, German Soldiers,” in Crew, Nazism and
German Society, 41-66
-------. “From Blitzkrieg to Total War,” in M. Fulbrook, ed., 20th Century Germany
(2001), 121-48
Beck, E.R. Under the Bombs: The German Home Front, 1942-1945 (1986)
Carr, W. Poland to Pearl Harbor. The Making of the Second World War (1985)
Carroll, B.A. Design for Total War (1968)
Clark, A. Barbarossa: The Russian-German Conflict 1941-45 (1965)
Colvocoresse, P. and Wint, G. Total War: Causes and Courses of the Second World War
(1974)
Cooper, M. The German Army 1933-1945: Its Political and Military Failure (1978)
Cooper, M. The Phantom War. The German Struggle against Soviet Partisans (1979)
Crefeld, van, M. Hitler’s Strategy, 1940-41 (1973)
------- . “War Lord Hitler,” European Studies Review , 4 (1974): 57-79
Dallin, A. German Rule in Russia, 1941-45 (1981)
Dziewanowski, M.K. War at any Price (1987)
Ellis, J. Brute Force: Allied Tactics and Strategy in the Second World War (1990),
37-100
Erikson, J. The Road to Stalingrad
Erikson, J. The Road to Berlin (1983)
Frankland, N. The Bombing Offensive Against Germany (1965)
Fritz, S. Frontsoldaten. The German Soldier in World War II (1995)
Hart, L.B.H. History of the Second World War (1971)
------- . The German Generals Talk (1974)
------- . The Other Side of the Hill (1973, 2nd ed.)
Hillgruber, A. Germany and the Two World Wars (1981)
Germany and the Second World War (vols. 1 and 2, 1990, 1991)
Jacobsen H.-A. and Rohwer, J., ed., Decisive Battles of WWII: The German View (1964)
Keegan, J. The Second World War (1989)
Kirwin, G. “Allied Bombing and German Domestic Propaganda,” European History
Quarterly, 15 (1985): 341-62
Koch, H.W. “Hitler’s ‘Programme’ and the Genesis of Operation ‘Barbarossa’,”
Historical Journal 26 (1983): 891-920
Leach, A.B. German Strategy against Russia, 1939-41 (1973)
Mierzejewski, A.C. The Collapse of the German War Economy 1944-45: Allied Air
Power and the German National Railway (1988)
Milward, A.S. War, Economy and Society: 1939-1945 (1977, 2nd ed.1987)
Mulligan, T.P. The Politics of Illusion and Empire (1988)
-----------------. “Reckoning the Cost of People’s War: The German Experience in the
Central USSR,” Russian History, 9 (1982): 27-48
Schaffer, R. “American Bombing Ethics in World War II: The Bombing of German
Civilians,” Journal of American History, 67 (1980): 318-34
Schramm, P.E. Hitler: The Man and the Military Leader (1971)
Seaton, A. The German Army, 1933-1945 (1982)
Steinberg, J. “The Third Reich Reflected: German Civil Administration in the Occupied
Soviet Union, 1941-44,” The English Historical Review, 110 (1995): 620-51
Sydnor, C.W. Soldiers of Destruction (1977)
Trevor-Roper, H.R. “Hitler’s War Aims,” in H.W. Koch, Aspects of the Third Reich
(1977)
Wall, D. Nazi Germany and World War II (1997)
Warlimont, W. Inside Hitler’s Headquarters 1939-45 (1962)
Webster, Ch. and Frankland, N. The Strategic Bombing Offensive Against Nazi
Germany, 4 Vols. (1961)
Weeler-Bennett, J.W. The Nemesis of Power: The German Army in Politics 1918-1945
(1964)
Wegner, B. “The Road to Defeat: the German Campaign in Russia 1941-1943,” Journal
of Strategic Studies , 13 (1990):105-27
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9.
Nov. 7
The Germans and the Holocaust
Text: Christopher Browning, Nazi Policy Jewish Workers, German Killers
Recommended: Bettina Birn, “Revisiting the Holocaust,” The Historical Journal,
XL (1997): 1995-215; Shandley, R.R., ed., Unwilling Germans?: The Goldhagen
Debate (1998); Christopher Browning, Ordinary Men. Reserve Police Battalion
101 and the Final Solution in Poland
SUPPLEMENTARY READINGS
Documents
Sax and Kuntz, Inside Nazi Germany, 397-458
Noakes and Pridham, Nazi Germany, 1919-1945, vol. 3: 922-1208
Books and Articles
Arad, Y. “Alfred Rosenberg and the ‘Final Solution’ in the Occupied Territories,” Yad
Vashem Studies, 13 (1979): 263-86
Breitman, R. The Architect of Genocide. Himmler and the Final Solution (1991)
_______, “The ‘Final Solution’, in Martel, Modern Germany Reconsidered, 197-210
Browning, Ch.R. The Path to Genocide (1992)
_______, The Origins of the Final Solution (2004)
_______,. Fateful Month. Essays on the Emergence of the Final Solution (1985)
_______,. The Final Solution and the German Foreign Office (1978)
Burleigh, M. and Wipperman, W. The Racial State: Germany 1933-1945 (1991)
Burrin, P. Hitler and the Jews: The Genesis of the Holocaust (1994)
Dawidowicz, L. The War Against the Jews
Dean, M.C. “The German Gendarmerie, the Ukrainian Schutzmannschaft and the
‘Second Wave’ of Jewish Killings in Occupied Ukraine,” German History
Society, 14, no.2 (1996):168-92
Dobroszycki, L., et al. The Holocaust in the Soviet Union (1971)
Ezergailis, A. The Holocaust in Latvia 1941-1944 (1996)
Friedlaender, Henry. The Origins of Nazi Genocide: From Euthanasia to the Final
Solution (1995)
Friedländer, Saul. Nazi Germany and the Jews, vol. 1 (1997), vol. 2 (2007)
Gellateley, R. The Gestapo and German Society. Enforcing Racial Policy 1933-1945
(1990)
Goldhagen, Hitler’s Willing Executioners: Ordinary Germans and the Holocaust
Götz, A., “Final Solution.” Nazi Population Policy and the Murder of European Jews
(1999)
Gross, J., Polish Society under German Occupation (1979)
Headland, R. Messages of Murder (1992)
Hebert, U. A History of Foreign Labor in Germany 1880-1980 (1990)
Hilberg, R. The Destruction of the European Jews (1961)
Hillgruber, A. “The Extermination of the European Jews in its Historical Context,” Yad
Vashem Studies ,17 (1986): 1-15
_______,. “War in the East and the Extermination of the Jews,” Yad Vashem Studies 18,
(1987): 103-32
Hirschfeld, G. ed., The Policies of Genocide (1986)
Hoehne, H. The Order of the Death’s Head (1972)
Kamenetsky, I. Secret Nazi Plans for Eastern Europe (1961)
Krausnick, H. and Broszat, M.. Anatomy of the SS State (1982)
Lukas, R. The Forgotten Holocaust: The Poles under German Occupation (1986)
Marrus, M. The Holocaust in History (1987)
_______, ed., The Nazi Holocaust, 15 vols. (excellent collection of articles on the
Holocaust)
Marrus, M. and Paxton, O. Vichy France and the Jews (1981)
Mommsen, H. From Weimar to Auschwitz (1987)
Peukert, D. “The Genesis of the ‘Final Solution’ from the Spirit of Science,” in Crew,
Nazism and German Society, 274-99
Schleunes, K. The Twisted Road to Auschwitz (1990)
Steinberg, J. All or Nothing: The Axis and the Holocaust (1990)
______________________________________________________________________________
10.
Nov.14 Resistance in the Third Reich
Text: Friedrich Percyval Reck-Malleczewen, Diary of a Man in Despair
Recommended: Mommsen, “German Society and the Resistance against Hitler,”
in Leitz, 253-73; Hoffmann, German Resistance to Hitler; Kershaw, The Nazi
Dictatorship, 150-79 (“‘Resistance without the People’?”).
SUPPLEMENTARY READINGS (re: Resistance)
Documents
Noakes, Nazi Germany, 1919-1945, vol. 4: 585-636
Sax and Kuntz, Inside Nazi Germany, 459-513
Books and Articles
Balfour, M. Withstanding Hitler in Germany (1988)
Deutsch, H.C. The Conspiracy Against Hitler in the Twilight War (1968)
Dulles, A.W. Germany’s Underground (1947)
Fest, J. Plotting Hitler’s Death: The Story of the German Resistance (1996)
Gill, A. An Honorable Defeat: A History of German Resistance to Hitler (1994)
Hamerow, Th. On the Road to the Wolf’s Lair: German Resistance to Hitler (1997)
Heidecking, J., ed., American Intelligence and German Resistance to Hitler
Hoffmann, P. The History of the German Resistance, 1933-1935 (1996)
Housden, M. Resistance and Conformity in the Third Reich
Kershaw, I. Popular Opinion and Political Dissent in the Third Reich. (1983)
Kramarz, J. Stauffenberg (1967)
Large, D.C. Contending With Hitler: Varieties of German Resistance in the Third Reich
(1991)
Manvell, R. The Canaris Conspiracy: The Secret Resistance to Hitler in the German
Army (1969)
Prittie, T. Germans Against Hitler (1964)
Ritter, G. The German Resistance: Carl Goerderler’s Struggle Against Tyranny (1958)
Thomsett, M. The German Opposition to Hitler: the Resistance, the Underground and
the Assassination Plots 1938-45 (1997)
Von Klemperer, K. German Resistance Against Hitler: the Search for Allies Abroad
(1992)
Von Klemperer, K. Mandate for Resistance (1969)
Whalen, R.W. Assassinating Hitler: Ethics and Resistance in Nazi Germany (1993)
Zimmermann, E. and Jacobson, H.-A. Germans Against Hitler: July 20, 1944 (1960)
* Special issue on the German Resistance in Journal of Modern History (Dec. 1992)
_____________________________________________________________________________
11.
Nov.21 German Women in Defeat and Occupation
Text: A Woman in Berlin. Eight Weeks in the Conquered City. A
Diary/Anonymous; Barbara Smith, “The Rules of Engagement: German Women
and British Occupiers” (PhD Dissertation, WLU 2009)
Recommended: Norman Naimark, The Russians in Germany (1995); M. Höhn,
Gis and Fräuleins (2002); R.M. Douglas, Orderly and Humane. The Expulsion of
the Germans after the Second World War (2011)
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12.
Nov.28 Conclusion: Summary and Assessment of the Course of German History in the
First Half of the 20th- Century (Reading to be announce).
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