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7th Grade Social Studies
Mexico & U.S. History from the Revolution to Reconstruction
Class 157— Pickett’s Charge
May 5, 2014
Focus: Identify these places and people that deal with the battle of Gettysburg: General Lee, General Meade, Devil’s
Den, and Little Round Top.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Student Objectives:
1. I will analyze Day 3 of the Battle of Gettysburg.
2. I will recognize Pickett’s charge as the “high-water mark” or climax of the battle at Gettysburg.
Homework:
-Current Events due Monday 5/12
-Read and Outline Chapter 16, Section 5 pgs. 540 Union Campaigns Cripple the Confederacy only (due 5/7)
-Read and Outline Chapter 15, Section 5 pgs. 541-543 (due 5/8)
-Chapter 16 Test Thursday 5/15
Handouts:
None
I. Pickett’s Charge
Key terms/ideas/ people/places:
General George Pickett
Pickett’s Charge
By the end of class today, I will be able to answer the following:
Who won the Battle of Gettysburg?
What was the climax of the Battle of Gettysburg?
Why did Lee attack the center of the Fish Hook?
Notes
Class 157— Pickett’s Charge
May 5, 2014
Pickett’s Charge-Gettysburg Day 3:
Pickett’s charge: 12,000 charge-5,000 survive
Lee’s Mistakes at Gettysburg:
1. He doesn’t push to take the Round Tops on Day 1
2. He doesn’t force the Union to move off the Hill
3. Frontal Attack-Pickett’s Charge
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7th Grade Social Studies
Mexico & U.S. History from the Revolution to Reconstruction
Class 158— Gettysburg Address
May 6, 2014
Focus: Read the Gettysburg Address on the back of this paper.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Student Objectives:
1. I will explain the significance of Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address.
Homework:
-Current Events due Monday 5/12
-Read and Outline Chapter 16, Section 5 pgs. 540 Union Campaigns Cripple the Confederacy only (due 5/7)
-Read and Outline Chapter 15, Section 5 pgs. 541-543 (due 5/8)
-Chapter 16 Test Thursday 5/15
Handouts:
Gettysburg Address
I. Speakers at Gettysburg
A. Edward Everett
B. Abraham Lincoln
Key terms/ideas/ people/places:
Edward Everett
Abraham Lincoln
score
By the end of class today, I will be able to answer the following:
How did the people respond to Lincoln’s speech?
Who spoke the longest at Gettysburg?
What was the historical significance of his speech?
Gettysburg Address
Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and
dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can
long endure. We are met on a great battle-field of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final
resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we
should do this.
But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate -- we can not consecrate -- we can not hallow -- this ground. The brave men,
living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little
note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be
dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to
be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us -- that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that
cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion -- that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have
died in vain -- that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom -- and that government of the people, by the
people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.
Abraham Lincoln
November 19, 1863
Notes
Class 158— Gettysburg Address
May 6, 2014
Nearly five months after the battle at Gettysburg, thousands came back to the town to dedicate a cemetery to those who
had fallen. The town was packed and so were the hotels. Many individuals had to share rooms in the hotels. Governors
from many of the states arrived to pay tribute to the many that gave their lives at this battle. Lincoln was one of the few
to have his own room.
Lincoln was not the only speaker that day. Edward Everett spoke first. He spoke for nearly two hours. Lincoln sat
quietly and patiently waited his turn.
Once Everett was done, Lincoln took his turn. Lincoln was not very popular at this time. Northerners didn’t like the
way he was handling the war. Many, didn’t even realize he spoke at the event. Everett spoke for two hours, Lincoln
spoke for about two minutes.
There were mixed reactions about Lincoln’s speech.
 The Chicago Tribune predicted that it would "live among the annals of man," while its competitor, the Chicago
Times, editorialized that "the cheek of every American must tingle with shame as he reads the silly, flat, and
dishwatery utterances of the president."
 Event orator Edward Everett wrote Lincoln the next day: "I should be glad, if I could flatter myself that I came as
near to the central idea of the occasion, in two hours, as you did in two minutes."
 Historians give Lincoln’s speech more credit than those who first heard it.
Lincoln’s speech defined what the war was about and really sums up the ideals that America was founded upon.
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7th Grade Social Studies
Mexico & U.S. History from the Revolution to Reconstruction
Class 159— Sherman and Grant
May 7, 2014
Focus: How did Lee and McClellan view war?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Student Objectives:
1. I will analyze the Wilderness Campaign.
2. I will compare and contrast General Ulysses S. Grant’s and General William Tecumseh Sherman’s ideas of war with
General McClellan’s and General Lee’s.
Homework:
-Current Events due Monday 5/12
-Read and Outline Chapter 15, Section 5 pgs. 541-543 (due 5/8)
-Chapter 16 Test Thursday 5/15
Handouts:
none
I. The Wilderness Campaign
I. A different view of war
Key terms/ideas/ people/places:
Robert E. Lee
George McClellan
William Tecumseh Sherman
Hard War
Wilderness Campaign
By the end of class today, I will be able to answer the following:
What is hard war?
What was the difference between McClellan and Grant/Sherman?
How did Grant change the way the war was fought?
Ulysses S. Grant
Notes
Class 159— Sherman and Grant
May 7, 2014
Wilderness Campaign:
 Grants attempts to capture Richmond
Robert E. Lee
 “It is well that war is so horrible, else we should grow too fond of it.”
Stonewall Jackson
 “He places no value on human life, caring for nothing so much as fighting, unless it be praying.”
George McClellan
 “I am tired of the sickening sight of the battlefield, with its mangled corpses and the poor suffering wounded!
Victory has no charms for me while purchased at such cost….”
Ulysses S. Grant
 “A new General was at the head of affairs, and he was going in, with jaws set and nerves of steel, to smash, kill,
burn, annihilate, sparing nothing, looking neither right or left, till the red road had been hewed through
Richmond.”
 Who would win according to Grant?
o The side “which never counted its dead.”
William Tecumseh Sherman
 “regard the death and mangling of a couple of thousand men as a small affair, a kind of morning dash.”
 The first “modern general”
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7th Grade Social Studies
Mexico & U.S. History from the Revolution to Reconstruction
Class 160— Sherman’s March
May 8, 2014
Focus: Read the handout on the back of this page. Then, sit quietly.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Student Objectives:
1. I will define the term “hard war” or “total war.”
2. I will identify Sherman’s March.
Homework:
-Current Events due Monday 5/12
-Chapter 16 Test Thursday 5/15
Handouts:
Sherman’s March Handout
I. Sherman’s March
A. Where
B. How Long
C. Impact
Key terms/ideas/ people/places:
William Tecumseh Sherman
Philip Sheridan
Hard War
Georgia
By the end of class today, I will be able to answer the following:
Who “skinned” Virginia?
What was the overall impact on the South thanks to Sherman’s March?
Atlanta
Savannah
Name:_______________________________________________
“War is cruelty….The crueler it is the sooner it will be over.”
“We have to destroy them.”
“I will make Georgia howl.”
Date:_____________
You are General Sherman. You have proposed to take 60,000 men and 25,000 horses on a “hard war” march through the
heart of the South. You plan on “skinning the South.” You give each man only five days worth of rations. Lincoln is
nervous and Grant feels unsure about your undertaking. As general of such a large fighting force, you need to come up
with a strategy for fighting in a “foreign” land. Answer the following questions to come up with your strategy for
victory.
How will you feed your army?
Why can’t you stay in one location for very long?
What tactics will you use?
What areas will you target?
What parts of southern infrastructure will you target?
What kind of defenses do you envision the Confederates using against you?
How will you hold cities that you capture?
How will you navigate around torpedoes (land mines) in the roads?
How will you deal with the large number of African Americans that leave their homes and follow your army?
Notes
Class 160— Sherman’s March
May 8, 2014
In Grant’s mind, he is going to skin the South. Before, he ordered small cavalry bands to go about the South and mostly
destroy large plantations that were loyal to the Southern cause. Now instead of small raiding parties, he is going to send
entire armies on these missions. Grant would order General Sheridan to march through Virginia’s Shenandoah Valley.
However, Grant would leave the major skinning of the South to General Sherman.
Sherman will take 60,000 men and 25,000 horses on his march. Lincoln is extremely nervous about the idea and General
Grant, now in charge of the army, is also unsure. Sherman would also send out what they called “bummers.” These
were foragers that made things personal for the south as they would raid homes of money and other valuables. Let’s
look at Sherman’s own words and what he intended to do:
 “Generally, war is destruction and nothing else.”
 “War is cruelty and cannot refine it.”
 “I have made war vindictively; war is war, and you can make nothing else of it.”
 “Men go to war to kill or to get killed and should expect no tenderness.”
 “the crueler [war] is, the sooner it will be over.”
 Death “is popularly considered the maximum punishment in war, but it is not; reduction to poverty brings prayers
for peace more surley and more quickly than does the destruction of human life.”
 “All that has gone before is mere skirmishing. The war now begins.”
Sherman will start in Atlanta. Sherman will take the city, but he knows once he leaves the Confederates will just move
back in.
 Before leaving the city, he burns it.
 Sherman’s burning of Atlanta is often exaggerated. He really only burned 30% of the city. Once the city is
burned, Sherman marches towards the ocean. He takes 60,000 soldiers on his march.
 Soldiers only received five days of rations-anything they could not eat would be destroyed. As Sherman phrased
it,“In districts and neighborhoods where the army is unmolested no destruction of such property should be
permitted; but should guerrillas or bushwhackers molest our march, or should the inhabitants burn bridges,
obstruct roads, or otherwise manifest local hostility, then army commanders should order and enforce a
devastation more or less relentless according to the measure of such hostility.”
Sherman needed to communicate on his march. He told one of his officers, “See here…burn a few barns occasionally, as
you go along. I can’t understand those signal flags, but I know what smoke means.”
. One of Sherman’s soldiers described it differently, they “destroyed all we could not eat…burned their cotton & gins,
spilled their sorghum, burned & twisted their R. Roads and raised Hell generally as you know an army can when turned
loose.”
12. Once he got to the sea he turns and heads up through the Carolinas and burns Columbia, SC and Raleigh, NC.
Sherman had not intended to burn Columbia, but the troops got out of hand and the city was burned including homes.
“The whole army is burning with an insatiable desire to wreak vengeance upon South Carolina.”
Results of Sherman’s march:
100,000 Confederate deserters in 1865
650 miles in 100 days
3 state capitals
Loses 600 men out of 60,000
“Thousands of people may perish, but they now realise that war means something else than vain glory and boasting…I
have taught people what war is.”
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7 Grade Social Studies
th
Mexico & U.S. History from the Revolution to Reconstruction
Class 161— CSS Hunley & David O. Dodd
May 9, 2014
Focus: Why would the Confederacy be in such desperation to try to attack using a submarine? What advantages do
submarines have? What disadvantages do they have?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Student Objectives:
1. I will analyze the significance of the C.S.S. Hunley.
2. I will reenact the death of a Confederate teenager.
Homework:
-Current Events due Monday 5/12
-Chapter 16 Test Thursday 5/15
Handouts:
none
I. Hunley
II. David O. Dodd
Key terms/ideas/ people/places:
Lt. George Dixon
South Carolina
Blockade
CSS Hunley
By the end of class today, I will be able to answer the following:
What did the Hunley do?
Why is David O. Dodd compared to Nathan Hale?
Who commanded the Hunley? What did he always carry with him?
David O. Dodd
Notes
Class 161— CSS Hunley & David O. Dodd
May 9, 2014
CSS Hunley:
 Commanded by Lt. George Dixon
 First submarine in history to sink and enemy warship
o USS Housatonic
 Discovered in 1995
David O. Dodd:
 Arkansas boy
 Supposed to be visiting and doing some work for his father
 Found carrying a note with Union positions
 Captured and put on trial
o Guilty was the verdict, hanging was the sentence
o He set the time of execution between 10:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m. on January 8, and designated the parade
ground in front of St. John's Masonic College as the place. The college which David had attended
 The soldiers present, who were far from enthusiastic about their task, also admired the youth's coolness. "David
O. Dodd met the king of ter-rors with a perfect coolness I never saw equaled,"
 Legend of his final words: “…like Nathan Hale, my only regret is that I have but one life to give to my country."
 Nathan Hale of Arkansas