Bellwork – Characterization
Day #1 – What is characterization?
Characterization is the way in which authors convey information about their characters. Characterization can be direct,
as when an author tells readers what a character is like (e.g. "George was cunning and greedy.") or indirect, as when an
author shows what a character is like by portraying his or her actions, speech, or thoughts (eg. "On the crowded subway,
George slipped his hand into the man's coat pocket and withdrew the wallet, undetected."). Descriptions of a character's
appearance, behavior, interests, way of speaking, and other mannerisms are all part of characterization. For stories
written in the first-person point of view, the narrator's voice, or way of telling the story, is essential to his or her
characterization.
How characterization is created 
Tell the reader directly what a character's personality is like:
"Mrs. Freeman could never be brought to admit herself wrong on any point."
—Flannery O'Connor, "Good Country People"

Describe a character's appearance and manner:
"The Baker, who was an older man with a thick neck, listened without saying anything when she told him the child would be eight years old next
Monday. The baker wore a white apron that looked like a smock. Straps cut under his arms, went around in back and then to the front again, where
they were secured under his heavy waist. He wiped his hands on his apron as he listened to her. He kept his eyes down on the photographs and let
her talk."
—Raymond Carver, "A Small, Good Thing"

Portray a character's thoughts and motivations:
"I didn't come to Utah to be the same boy I'd been before. I had my own dreams of transformation, Western dreams, dreams of freedom and
dominion and taciturn self-sufficiency. The first thing I wanted to do was change my name. A girl named Toby had joined my class before I left
Florida, and this had caused both of us scalding humiliation.
"I wanted to call myself Jack, after Jack London. I believed that having his name would charge me with some of the strength and competence
inherent in my idea of him. The odds were good that I'd never have to share a classroom with a girl named Jack. And I liked the sound. Jack. Jack
Wolff."
—Tobias Wolff, This Boy's Life

Use dialogue to allow a character's words to reveal something important about his or her nature:
"Unable to contain herself, [Mrs. Bennet] began scolding one of her daughters. 'Don't keep coughing so, Kitty, for heaven's sake! Have a little
compassion on my nerves. You tear them to pieces.'"
—Jane Austin, Pride and Prejudice

Use a character's actions to reveal his or her personality:
"He would hang around our place on Saturdays, scornful of whatever I was doing but unable to leave me alone. I couldn't be on the swing without
him wanting to try it, and if I wouldn't give it up he came and pushed me so that I went crooked. He teased the dog. He got me into trouble—
deliberately and maliciously, it seemed to me afterward—by daring me to do things I wouldn't have thought of on my own: digging up the potatoes
to see how big they were when they were still only the size of marbles, and pushing over the stacked firewood to make a pile we could jump off."
—Alice Munro, "Miles City, Montana"

Show others' reactions to the character or person you're portraying:
"No respect at all was shown him in the department. The porters, far from getting up from their seats when he came in, took no more notice of him
than if a simple fly had flown across the reception room."
—Nikolai Gogol, "The Overcoat"
Day #2
Activitiy:
Read the passage, then find examples of the different techniques used to develop the character in that passage.
"Lincoln's shock of black hair, brown furrowed face, and deep-set eyes made him look older than his fifty-one years. He
was a familiar figure to almost everyone in Springfield, as was his singular way of walking, which gave the impression
that his long, gaunt frame needed oiling. He plodded forward in an awkward manner, hands hanging at his sides or
folded behind his back. His step had no spring...
"His features, even supporters conceded, were not such 'as belong to a handsome man.' In repose, his face was
'[overspread] with sadness,' the reporter Horace White noted... Yet when Lincoln began to speak, White observed, 'this
expression of sorrow dropped from him instantly. His face lighted up with a winning smile, and where I had a moment
before seen only leaden sorrow I now beheld keen intelligence, genuine kindness of heart, and the promise of true
friendship.'"
—Doris Kearns Goodwin, Team of Rivals
Use the format below to create a table to display your answers.
Techniques
Examples / evidence from the passage
1 .What does the character look like? 2. How does the character behave
towards others? How do others
behave toward the character?
3. What does the character seem to
care about?
4. What adjectives does the author use
to describe the character's
personality?
5. What does the character think or
say?
.
Day #3 Activities:
Inferring and Implying Character Traits
Directions: As a group students will analyze 10 character traits. For each trait students will do the following.
1. Define the term trait.
2. Describe an action or behavior that would show this character trait.

Example #1: Industrious
Definition: working energetically and devotedly; hard-working; diligent.
Action: Arrive at work early and stay late, or stay up until 3 AM every night doing homework.

Example #2: Jealous
Definition: feeling resentment against someone because of that person's rivalry, success, or advantages.
Action: A character might talk about someone’s accomplishments being “no big deal”

Example #3: Humble
Definition: modest, respectful, not proud or arrogant.
Action: A character might achieve something great without letting the accomplishment go their head.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Furious
Gleeful
Overwrought
Anxious
Proud
Conscientious
Conspiratorial
Frustrated
Suspicious
hypocritical
#1http://www.ereadingworksheets.com/reading-worksheets/indirect-character-traits-worksheet.pdf
Group activity (4 different roles), illustrating character traits
#2 http://www.ereadingworksheets.com/reading-worksheets/character-traits-project.pdf
Inferring and Implying Character Traits: Select a number of character traits, define the trait, then give an
example an action or behavior that would show this character trait.