Term 4 Exam World History
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. Today’s electric generators work on the same principle as the dynamo invented by
a. Thomas Edison. b. Benjamin Franklin. c. Michael Faraday. d. Guglielmo Marconi.
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2. A production method in which workers repeatedly perform one task in the manufacturing process is called
a. interchangeable parts. b. the Bessemer process. c. cottage industry. d. the assembly line.
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3. The population of Europe exploded between 1800 and 1900 in large part because
a. couples had more children. b. medical advances reduced the death rate. c. cities eliminated slums.
d. couples started families at a younger age.
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4. The popular saying “A man’s home is his castle” reflected what middle-class value of the late 1800s?
a. temperance b. women’s suffrage c. cult of domesticity d. romanticism
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5. What theory applied the idea of natural selection to the development of business and society?
a. socialism b. social gospel c. Social Darwinism d. capitalism
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6. Romanticism can be described as a revolt against the Enlightenment’s emphasis on
a. religion. b. reason. c. the past. d. legends and folklore.
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7. An artist of the mid-1800s who portrayed the harsh lives of slum dwellers was probably using what artistic
style?
a. realism b. impressionism c. neoclassicism d. romanticism
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8. Russia did not industrialize as soon as other countries because it lacked
a. expertise. b. capital. c. technology. d. political stability.
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9. The technology for America’s first textile factory came from
a. Japan. b. Britain. c. Germany. d. France.
____ 10. What invention did the internal combustion engine make possible?
a. the steamboat b. the Wright Brothers’ flying machine c. the telegraph d. Faraday’s electric motor
____ 11. A company that sells ownership shares to many investors is a
a. corporation. b. trust. c. monopoly. d. cartel.
____ 12. What limited the effectiveness of women involved in the temperance movement?
a. They cared too much about the suffrage movement. b. They did not want to be involved in political issues
of the day. c. They could not vote and were barred from most schools. d. They were too busy with their
family life to vote.
____ 13. Reformers in what movement argued that the use of alcoholic beverages harmed family life and reduced
worker productivity?
a. temperance b. abolition c. suffrage d. social gospel
____ 14. Which of the following were writers of the realism movement?
a. Edgar Degas and Georges Seurat b. William Wordsworth and Percy Bysshe Shelley c. Gustave Courbet
and Thomas Eakins d. Charles Dickens and Victor Hugo
____ 15. What did Mathew B. Brady accomplish in the visual arts?
a. His pictures captured the beauty and power of nature. b. He photographed the cathedral at Rouen, France
from different angles. c. He took realistic pictures of the Civil War. d. He took postimpressionist pictures
with a dreamlike quality.
____ 16. In Bismarck’s practice of Realpolitik, his political actions were guided by
a. the needs of the people. b. traditional morality. c. the principle of divine right. d. the needs of the state.
____ 17. William II asked Bismarck to resign because
a. Bismarck had lost favor with the people. b. William II wanted no rivals. c. Bismarck had falsified
William’s telegram to the French ambassador. d. William II wanted a stronger military leader.
____ 18. Which of the following was an obstacle to progress in Russia in the 1800s?
a. a rigid social structure b. few natural resources c. a powerful middle class d. little productive land
____ 19. Bismarck became the king’s highest official when he assumed the title of
a. prime minister. b. kaiser. c. president. d. chancellor.
____ 20. When the Frankfurt Assembly offered Frederick William IV of Prussia the throne of a united German state in
1848, the ruler refused because
a. not all the German states were included. b. the offer came from “the people.” c. the real power would
remain with the individual states. d. the governments of the states had not agreed to the offer.
____ 21. In the Kulturkampf, Bismarck’s goal was to
a. unify the Germans and Austrians. b. reduce the power of the socialists. c. reduce the power of the
Catholic Church. d. increase his power over the monarch.
____ 22. During the struggle for Italian unification, the “Red Shirts” were forces made up of
a. anarchists. b. nationalists. c. socialists. d. monarchists.
____ 23. In 1800, Austria was ruled by the oldest ruling house in Europe, called the
a. Hohenzollerns. b. Hapsburgs. c. Bourbons. d. Romanovs.
____ 24. Which of the following is a true statement about the Dual Monarchy?
a. One parliament made laws for both Austria and Hungary. b. Austria and Hungary became one country
ruled by the Hungarian monarch. c. Austria and Hungary shared the same constitution. d. Austria and
Hungary remained separate states.
____ 25. By the 1800s Russian tsars saw the need to modernize, but they resisted because they thought reforms would
a. undermine their absolute rule. b. slow the pace of westernization. c. undermine their industrial might.
d. hold back revolutionary reforms.
____ 26. Emancipation of the serfs benefited the Russian economy because many former serfs
a. rose to become the new merchant class. b. took jobs in factories. c. acquired large country estates.
d. helped expand the empire by joining the army.
____ 27. Bloody Sunday served as a turning point in Russia because
a. it strengthened the tsar’s power. b. it led to Japan’s triumph over Russia. c. it caused the people to lose
faith in the tsar. d. it marked the beginning of World War I.
____ 28. In 1832, large towns and cities in Britain received greater representation in Parliament as a result of
a. the Great Reform Act. b. the People’s Charter. c. the secret ballot. d. universal male suffrage.
____ 29. Through reforms that took place during the late 1800s, Britain transformed itself into
a. an oligarchy. b. a constitutional monarchy. c. a parliamentary democracy. d. an aristocracy.
____ 30. What did the Catholic Emancipation Act accomplish in Ireland in 1829?
a. Irish Catholics were granted freedom of religion. b. Irish Catholics were granted the right to govern
themselves. c. British landlords could no longer charge unfair rents to Irish Catholics. d. Irish Catholics
were allowed to vote and hold office.
____ 31. What war brought an end to France’s Second Empire?
a. Thirty Years’ War b. Crimean War c. Franco-Prussian War d. Napoleonic War
____ 32. What was a result of widespread anti-Semitism in Europe in the late 1800s?
a. Georges Boulanger pushed for European social reform. b. Émile Zola organized the First Zionist
Congress. c. Theodor Herzl helped to launch modern Zionism. d. The French government advocated that
Jews create their own state.
____ 33. In 1848 in Seneca Falls, New York, Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton organized
a. a reform movement supporting temperance laws. b. a convention to push for educational reforms. c. a
women’s labor reform protest movement. d. the first women’s rights convention.
____ 34. In the 1890s, U.S. farmers joined city workers to support the
a. Populist party. b. Labor party. c. Socialist Workers party. d. American Freedom party.
____ 35. Rotten boroughs in Britain were
a. run-down neighborhoods in London needing urban renewal. b. rural towns that had an unfairly large
number of representatives in Parliament. c. politically corrupt towns and cities controlled by industrialists.
d. unclean factory towns that spread through Britain in the early 1800s.
____ 36. The Chartist movement in Britain demanded
a. free trade that would end quotas and tariffs. b. restricting the power of the House of Lords. c. the
abolition of slavery in the colonies. d. the secret ballot.
____ 37. What happened after the French helped Italian nationalists defeat Austria in the mid-1800s?
a. Italian nationalists formed an alliance with Prussia. b. France invaded the regions of Nice and Savoy.
c. Prussian troops invaded Italy to support Austria. d. A united Italy became a rival on France’s border.
____ 38. Which of the statements below is true about British social reforms of the mid-1800s?
a. The number of capital offenses was increased. b. Parliament shut down British penal colonies. c. British
mineowners were forbidden to hire women and children. d. New laws limited women and children to a 10hour work day.
____ 39. When it was founded in 1900, the British Labour Party was primarily made up of
a. women suffragists and Church members. b. socialists and union members. c. Irish immigrants who
wanted Irish home rule. d. landowners and conservatives.
____ 40. In the 1800s, what was a major reason why the Irish resented the British in Ireland?
a. The British prohibited the organization of Irish labor unions. b. The British would not grant universal
female suffrage. c. Irish peasants paid high rents to British absentee landlords. d. Irish peasants had to pay
tithes to support the Catholic Church.
____ 41. African Americans were allowed to vote in the United States when
a. Congress declared Southern voter eligibility laws illegal. b. Abraham Lincoln was elected president in
1860. c. Congress passed the Fifteenth Amendment. d. Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation.
____ 42. Which issue in the platform of the Populist Party eventually became law in the United States?
a. the right of African Americans to vote b. the abolition of alcoholic beverages c. a system of free public
education d. the eight-hour workday
____ 43. Which of the following was a Social Darwinist argument in favor of Western imperialism?
a. Colonies would bring wealth and prestige to the home country. b. Western nations needed outlets for their
growing populations. c. Westerners thought they had a duty to bring their civilization to inferior races.
d. Increased trade would benefit all peoples.
____ 44. What colony did the British help create for freed slaves in West Africa in 1787?
a. Nigeria b. Gold Coast c. Liberia d. Sierra Leone
____ 45. David Livingstone believed that opening the interior of Africa to Christianity and trade would
a. end the slave trade. b. reduce African resistance to European imperialism. c. rob Africans of their culture
and traditions. d. spark revolts across Africa.
____ 46. The Boer War was sparked by
a. the migration of Boers into British territory. b. the migration of Boers into Zulu territory. c. the desire of
the British to take Cape Colony from the Dutch. d. the discovery of gold and diamonds on Boer-held lands.
____ 47. The interest of Europeans in Iran intensified with what discovery in the region?
a. gold b. oil c. diamonds d. copper
____ 48. Rifle cartridges greased with animal fat were a key cause of the
a. Sepoy Rebellion. b. Mughal Rebellion. c. Taiping Rebellion. d. Armenian genocide.
____ 49. The purpose of the Open Door Policy was to
a. bring Western-style reforms to China. b. protect the British opium trade in China. c. carve up China
among the European powers. d. protect U.S. trading rights in China.
____ 50. At the Berlin Conference, European powers agreed that, in order to claim part of Africa, a European power
had to
a. conquer the ruling African tribes there. b. set up a government office there. c. establish missions there to
spread the Christian faith. d. establish businesses there.
____ 51. As the Boers of southern Africa migrated north, they clashed with the
a. Asante. b. Fulani. c. Zulus. d. Yao.
____ 52. Which statement best describes how Catholic and Protestant missionaries interacted with African natives?
a. They respected African cultures and religions. b. They saw natives as children in need of guidance.
c. They turned a blind eye to the slave trade. d. They treated the natives as equals.
____ 53. In the Ottoman empire, tensions between Turkish nationalists and ethnic groups seeking independence
sparked genocide against the
a. Young Turks. b. Algerians. c. Armenians. d. Serbs.
____ 54. What was one result of the Sepoy Rebellion?
a. The British no longer used Sepoys in their army. b. The British were driven out of the Hindu area of India.
c. The Sepoys won representation in the British colonial government. d. Parliament ended the rule of the
East India Company.
____ 55. The Indian National Congress was formed to
a. make laws for British-controlled India. b. push for a separate Muslim state. c. advise the British in setting
Indian policy. d. push for Indian self-rule.
____ 56. What was a result of the Taiping Rebellion that began in China in 1850?
a. The British won the island of Hong Kong. b. Chinese peasants won representation in a new republic.
c. The Qing government survived but had to share power. d. The British seized lands in northern China.
____ 57. In the Treaty of Nanjing, Britain gained control of
a. Hong Kong. b. Taiwan. c. the Suez Canal. d. India.
____ 58. The “self-strengthening movement” did not succeed in China because
a. a multinational force crushed the movement. b. Guang Xu was imprisoned by conservatives. c. the Qing
government did not support it. d. Sun Yixian abandoned the movement.
____ 59. The rise to power of the Tokugawa family resulted in
a. the Westernization of Japan. b. the end of feudalism in Japan. c. Japanese isolation. d. the First SinoJapanese War.
____ 60. In 1853, President Millard Fillmore sent a fleet of American ships into lower Tokyo Bay to
a. start a war with Japan. b. force Japan to open its ports. c. offer American aid to help Japan industrialize.
d. force Japan to give up claims on Korea.
____ 61. Which of the following was a result of the Russo-Japanese War?
a. Japan gained control of Korea. b. Russia gained control of Korea. c. Japan gained control of Taiwan.
d. Russia gained control of parts of Manchuria.
____ 62. The March First Movement was a
a. Japanese reform movement. b. French-Canadian nationalist movement. c. Mexican reform movement.
d. Korean nationalist movement.
____ 63. What was a result of the treaty that ended the Spanish-American War?
a. The Philippines gained independence from France. b. The United States gained control of the Philippines.
c. The Philippines gained control of Cuba. d. The Philippines gained independence from the United States.
____ 64. The first British colonists to settle Australia in large numbers were
a. sugar planters. b. whalers. c. Aborigines. d. prisoners.
“The American continents are henceforth not to be
considered as subjects for future colonization by any
European powers.”
____ 65. The quotation above expresses the main idea of
a. the Roosevelt Corollary. b. the Monroe Doctrine. c. Dollar Diplomacy. d. the Platt Amendment.
____ 66. Which of the following helped Japan modernize during the Meiji period?
a. The emperor stepped down and a democracy was formed. b. The constitution ended legal distinctions
between classes. c. The samurai directed the economy. d. Japan rejected Western technology.
____ 67. What “Hermit Kingdom” was forced to open its ports to Japanese trade in 1876?
a. Korea b. Malaya c. Siam d. Tokyo
____ 68. Meiji reformers chose to model the new Japanese government after the government of
a. the United States. b. Great Britain. c. Germany. d. the Netherlands.
____ 69. Which of the following was a feature of the new Japanese political system created by Meiji reformers?
a. absolute power of the emperor b. a one-house legislature c. expanded voting rights d. a two-house
legislature elected by the people
____ 70. French Indochina was made up of
a. China, India, and Burma. b. China, Vietnam, and Thailand. c. Java, the Moluccas, and Malaya.
d. Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia.
____ 71. Siam avoided becoming a European colony by
a. raising an army equal in size to European armies. b. forming alliances with other peoples of Southeast
Asia. c. accepting unequal treaties and modernizing. d. having little that European nations wanted.
____ 72. What was a Filipino complaint about Spanish rule in the late 1800s?
a. Filipinos did not have access to public education. b. The Catholic Church abused its power. c. Spain
would not allow the Philippines to become a U.S. protectorate. d. Catholic beliefs conflicted with traditional
Filipino religious practices.
____ 73. In the late 1800s, the United States, Germany, and Britain agreed to a triple protectorate over the Pacific
island of
a. Samoa. b. Hawaii. c. Malaya. d. Borneo.
____ 74. What was the result of the British North America Act of 1867?
a. Britain annexed Canada. b. Britain created the provinces of Upper Canada and Lower Canada. c. Canada
gained self-rule. d. Upper and Lower Canada became one province.
____ 75. The United States gained control of Texas after armed conflict with the forces of
a. Benito Juárez. b. Simón Bolívar. c. Antonio López de Santa Anna. d. Porfirio Díaz.
____ 76. Which of the following was an effect of nationalism in Europe in the early 1900s?
a. Britain made an alliance with France. b. Austria feared increasing rebellion among its subjects.
c. Germany sought additional colonial territories. d. Revolutionaries overthrew the Russian government.
____ 77. Which of the following events caused Britain to fight in World War I?
a. Austria gave Serbia an ultimatum. b. Russia joined France to fight Austria. c. Germany invaded Belgium.
d. Germany invaded Russia.
____ 78. For which of the following reasons did the Schlieffen Plan fail?
a. Belgium could not be defeated. b. Germany did not have a strong army. c. The United States joined the
war. d. Russia mobilized its army quickly.
____ 79. A stalemate developed along the Western Front early in the war because
a. The United States immediately joined the war. b. Trench warfare made it difficult for either side to win an
advantage. c. the German army fought with outdated weapons. d. the French army was able to push
Germany out.
____ 80. Why was the Ottoman empire considered such a valuable ally?
a. It had a powerful navy. b. It controlled Russian supply routes. c. It was extremely wealthy. d. It offered
to give up territory for military support.
____ 81. Some colonial subjects were eager to participate in the war because
a. they wanted to earn extra money. b. they believed they would gain greater civil rights. c. they wanted
more military experience. d. they did not want the ruling country to win.
____ 82. In the Zimmermann note, Germany offered which of the following to Mexico if it joined the Central Powers?
a. rule over the North American continent b. 3 trillion dollars in gold c. the return of Mexican lands held by
the United States d. a fleet of submarines
____ 83. Which of the following contributed to the United States’ decision to enter the war?
a. friendly relations with Russia b. fear of a poison gas attack c. extensive experience with trench warfare
d. cultural ties to Britain
____ 84. In general, the provisions of the Treaty of Versailles focused mainly on
a. increasing German power. b. punishing Germany. c. decreasing American influence. d. strengthening
the Ottoman empire.
____ 85. Which of the following groups seized complete control of Russia in 1917?
a. the Black Hand b. the Whites c. the Serbian nationalists d. the Bolsheviks
____ 86. Which countries were members of the Triple Alliance?
a. Germany, Italy, Russia b. France, Russia, Britain c. Austria-Hungary, Germany, Japan d. Germany,
Italy, Austria-Hungary
____ 87. By the early 20th century, Britain had built the world’s most respected navy because
a. it needed to protect its vast overseas empire. b. it was eager to go to war with Germany. c. it feared
economic competition from Russia. d. it was a requirement of the treaties it had made.
____ 88. One way nationalism increased tensions in pre-war Europe was that Germans
a. were bitter about their 1871 defeat in the Franco-Prussian war. b. were proud of their new empire’s
military power and industrial leadership. c. believed that they were the leaders of all Slavic people. d. were
growing less and less interested in acquiring overseas colonies.
____ 89. Which of the following is the best explanation for Russia’s entrance into World War I?
a. Russia wanted to punish Serbia for encouraging terrorism. b. Russia stood by its one dependable ally,
Austria-Hungary. c. Russia wanted to defend the Slavic peoples in Serbia. d. Russia wanted to avoid facing
Germany alone at a later date.
____ 90. Germany’s hopes for a quick victory on the Western Front were ended at the
a. first Battle of the Marne. b. Battle of Verdun. c. Battle of Tannenberg. d. Battle of the Bulge.
____ 91. To defend their merchant ships against attacks from German submarines, the Allies
a. suspended the transport of supplies by ship. b. began shipping supplies using zeppelins. c. organized the
merchant ships into convoys. d. resorted to trench warfare.
____ 92. How was fighting on the Eastern Front different from fighting on the Western Front?
a. Casualties were much lower on the Eastern Front. b. Trench warfare was not as widespread on the Eastern
Front. c. Russian armies were better equipped than countries in the West. d. The results of battles on the
Eastern Front were more decisive.
____ 93. How did the British blockade of ships carrying supplies to and from Germany violate international law?
a. The British ships were all heavily armed. b. The British took German sailors prisoner. c. The British did
not give warning before attacking supply ships. d. The blockade confiscated food and clothing as well as
contraband.
____ 94. At first, the Allies welcomed the overthrow of Russia’s tsar in 1917 because
a. it allowed Germany to concentrate its forces on the Western Front. b. they hoped Russia would become
more democratic and a stronger ally. c. they believed the spread of Communism would help end the war.
d. the tsar had recently made a secret alliance with Germany.
____ 95. Why did many Irish Americans oppose the United States’ decision to enter World War I on the side of the
Allies?
a. They feared the loss of Irish colonies due to the war. b. They resented British rule of Ireland. c. Many
Irish immigrants to America were married to Germans. d. They did not want to be allied with the Russian
tsar.
____ 96. Which of the following was one of Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points?
a. the division of Russia into East Russia and West Russia b. the right of Eastern Europeans to choose their
own form of government c. a statement of American neutrality in World War I d. a call for a large-scale
increase in the production of arms
____ 97. Which Allied leader wanted to weaken Germany at the Paris Peace Conference so that it could never again
threaten France?
a. Francis Ferdinand b. Woodrow Wilson c. Vittorio Orlando d. Georges Clemenceau
____ 98. After the war, European colonies in Africa, Asia, and the Pacific
a. were relieved that their affairs would continue to be handled by the imperial powers. b. felt betrayed by
the outcome of the Paris Peace Conference. c. gained newfound respect among Europeans. d. strongly
supported the mandate system established by the leaders at Paris.
____ 99. Who was the leader of the Bolsheviks in 1917 during the November revolution?
a. Gregory Rasputin. b. Karl Marx. c. V.I. Lenin. d. Joseph Stalin.
____ 100. During the three-year long civil war in Russia, the “White” armies were composed of
a. Bolsheviks and other revolutionaries. b. German refugees from World War I. c. armies from France,
Britain, and the United States. d. tsarist officers, democrats, and other anti-Bolsheviks.