KINE 2385 Test 1
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) The movement of water across a membrane 6) A process that requires cellular energy to from an area of low solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration is known as
 active transport.
 osmosis.
 filtration.
 diffusion.
 facilitated diffusion. move a substance against its concentration gradient is called
 facilitated transport.
 diffusion.
 passive transport.
 active transport.
 osmosis.
2) The peritoneal cavity contains the
 pleural cavity.
 ventral body cavity.
 cranial cavity.

 pelvic cavity. spinal cavity.
7) Each of the following is an example of an inorganic compound except one. Identify the exception.

Salts
 acids
 enzymes
 water
 bases
3) During the process of mitosis, duplicated chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell during
 telophase.
 metaphase.
 prophase.
 interphase.
 anaphase.
8) A person who is facing forward with arms at the sides and palms facing forward is said to be in the
 frontal position.
 anatomical position.
 supine position.
 sagittal position.
 prone position.
4) Carbohydrate molecules
 are the body's most important source of energy.
 contain the genetic information found in cells.
 form the regulatory molecules known as enzymes.
 help to protect vital organs from damage.
 serve as structural components of human cells.
9) During the process of mitosis, chromatids separate into daughter chromosomes during
 metaphase.
 telophase.
 anaphase.
 prophase.
 interphase.
5) A substance containing atoms of different elements that are bonded together is called a(n)
 molecule.
 compound.
 isotope.
 mixture.
 none of the above
10) Which of these is an example of carriermediated transport?
 facilitated diffusion
 phagocytosis
 osmosis
 exocytosis
 endocytosis
11) Which sectional plane could divide the body so that the face remains intact?
 coronal plane
 sagittal plane
 midsagittal plane
 equatorial plane
 none of the above

12) Which indicates the front of the body?

A. anterior

B. posterior

C. dorsal

D. ventral
 both A and D
13) The most important metabolic fuel molecule in the body is
 vitamin B12.
 glucose.
 starch.
 protein.
 sucrose.
14) The sodium-potassium exchange pump
 moves the sodium and potassium ions along their concentration gradients.
 is an example of facilitated diffusion.
 does not require the input of cellular energy in the form of ATP.
 is composed of a carrier protein located in the cell membrane.
 is NOT necessary for the maintenance of homeostasis.
15) Vesicles are organelles that
 temporarily store substances.
 facilitate diffusion.
 produce ATP.
 utilize ATP.
 produce lysosomes.
16) An excess of hydrogen ions in the body fluids can have disastrous results because
 excess hydrogen ions can break chemical bonds.
 excess hydrogen ions can kill living cells.
 excess hydrogen ions can change the shape of large complex molecules, rendering them non-functional.
 excess hydrogen ions can disrupt tissue functions.
 all of the above
17) The packaging of extracellular materials in a vesicle at the cell surface for importation into the cell is called
 endocytosis.
 an ion exchange pump.
 active transport.
 facilitated transport.
 osmosis.
18) Lungs are to the respiratory system as the spleen is to the
 lymphatic system.
 digestive system.
 muscular system.
 urinary system.
 cardiovascular system.
19) Cell membranes are said to be
 impermeable.
 freely permeable.
 actively permeable.
 selectively permeable.
 none of the above.
20) Characteristics of most living organisms include the ability to

A. grow and reproduce.

B. respond and adapt to their environment.

C. control the external environment.

A and B only
 all of the above
21) Locomotion, support of internal organs, and heat production are the functions of which system?
 skeletal
 cardiovascular
 lymphatic
 respiratory
 muscular
22) Structurally, the plasma membrane
 is composed of a bilayer of proteins.
 is composed of a bilayer of lipids.
 is a complex combination of carbohydrates and lipids.
 is composed of only carbohydrate molecules.
 is a complex combination of carbohydrates and proteins.
23) Chemical reactions that occur in the human body are controlled by special catalytic molecules called
 enzymes.
 activators.
 cofactors.
 cytozymes.
 none of the above

24) The chemical, or molecular, level of organization begins with __________, which then form __________.
 cells; tissues
 molecules; atoms
 macromolecules; molecules
 atoms; molecules
 organs; systems
25) The movement of oxygen from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration is an example of
 filtration.
 active transport.
 facilitated diffusion.
 diffusion.
 osmosis.
26) Lipids
 provide roughly twice the energy as carbohydrates.
 help to cushion delicate organs from damage.
 help to maintain body temperature.
 form essential structural components of cells.
 all of the above
27) The heart is surrounded by the __________ membrane.
 pericardial
 pleural
 peritoneal
 serous
 visceral
28) The chest is __________ to the umbilicus.

Inferior
 posterior
 medial
 superior
 anterior
29) The watery medium that surrounds a cell is known as
 extracellular fluid.
 protoplasm.
 cytosol.
 a colloidal gel.
 cytoplasm.
30) The internal transport of blood and dissolved substances is the function of the
 endocrine system.
 cardiovascular system.
 integumentary system.
 nervous system.
 none of the above
31) If a substance has a pH that is greater than 7, it is
 alkaline.
 a buffer.
 neutral.
 acidic.
 a salt.
32) The most important high-energy compound in cells is
 glucose.
 protein.
 adenosine triphosphate.
 fructose.
 deoxyribose.
33) A solution that contains a lower solute concentration than the cytoplasm of a cell is called
 hypertonic.
 isotonic.
 semitonic.
 hypotonic.
 holotonic.
34) Which of the following regions corresponds to the upper arm?
 antebrachial
 pedal
 brachial
 femoral
 cervical
35) A cut passing through the midline of the body that divides it into equal left and right halves is known as this type of plane.
 transverse
 frontal
 midsagittal
 coronal
 parasagittal

36) The wrist is considered __________ to the elbow.
 medial
 lateral
 proximal
 distal
 none of the above
37) Which of the following substances would be least acidic?
 tomato juice, pH = 4
 urine, pH = 6
 lemon juice, pH = 5.5
 stomach secretions, pH = 2
 white wine, pH = 3
38) A dehydration synthesis reaction between glycerol and a single fatty acid would yield a
 triglyceride.
 steroid.
 monoglyceride.
 hormone.
 diglyceride.
39) Facilitated diffusion differs from ordinary diffusion in that facilitated diffusion
 limits the rate of molecular movement by limiting the number of available carrier molecules.
 does not limit the rate of molecular movement by the number of available carrier molecules.
 expends no ATP.
 moves molecules from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration.
 never eliminates the concentration gradient.
40) The simplest units of matter are
 neutrons.
 molecules.
 electrons.
 atoms.
 protons.
41) The following is a list of several levels of organization that make up the human body:
1. tissue
2. cell
3. organ
4. molecule
5. organism
6. organ system
The correct order from the smallest to the largest level would be

4, 2, 3, 1, 6, 5.

4, 2, 1, 6, 3, 5.

2, 4, 1, 3, 6, 5.

2, 1, 4, 3, 5, 6.

4, 2, 1, 3, 6, 5.
42) Enzymes
 affect the rate of a chemical reaction.
 function as biological catalysts.
 lower the activation energy for a reaction.
 are proteins.
 all of the above
43) Osmosis ALWAYS involves which of the following?
 water
 salt
 carbohydrates
 proteins
 sugar
44) Organic compounds in the human body contain all of the following EXCEPT
 oxygen.
 calcium.
 hydrogen.
 carbon.
 none of these
45) The diaphragm separates the __________ cavity from the __________ cavity.
 abdominal; pelvic
 pericardial; pleural
 pericardial sac; pericardial
 thoracic; abdominopelvic
 pleural; mediastinum

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
46) Identify the following compounds as organic
(O) or inorganic (I).
1._____ glucose
2._____ sucrose
3._____ water
4._____ starch
5._____ carbon dioxide
47) A person lying face down in the anatomical position is said to be in the __________ position.
48) The hydrolysis of ATP yields the molecule
__________.
49) Cell membranes are said to be _________ permeable because they allow some substances to pass but not others.
50) _________ proteins can open or close to regulate the passage of materials through the cell membrane.
51) Match the organ system in the first column with its primary function in the second column .
_____ 1. integumentary system
_____ 2. muscular system
A. defense against infection
B. protection from environment
_____ 3. endocrine system
_____ 4. cardiovascular system
_____ 5. respiratory system
_____ 6. urinary system
C. processing of food
D. internal transport of materials
E. elimination of excess water
F. production of sex cells
_____ 7. reproductive system
_____ 8. skeletal system
_____ 9. nervous system
_____ 10. lymphatic system
_____ 11. digestive system
G. support and protection
H. delivery of air for gas exchange
I. locomotion and heat production
J. directing responses to stimuli
K. directing long-term changes
52) Using anatomical terms of direction, supply the word that would make the sentence correct. The hand is
__________ to the elbow.
53) Cellular reproduction is known as _________.
54) Match the terms in the first column with the definitions in the second.
_____ 1. acid A. solute that removes hydrogen ions
_____ 2. base
_____ 3. buffer
B. solute that dissociates to release hydrogen ions
C. consists of a fluid solvent and dissolved solutes
_____ 4. solution
_____ 5. water
D. compounds that stabilize pH
E. the most important body constituent
55) Match the body cavity in the first column with the organ it contains in the second column.
_____ 1. cranial cavity A. liver
_____ 2. spinal cavity
_____ 3. thoracic cavity
B. brain
C. urinary bladder
_____ 4. abdominal cavity
_____ 5. pelvic cavity
D. lungs
E. spinal cord

16) E
17) A
18) A
19) D
10) A
11) A
12) E
13) B
14) D
15) A
5) B
6) D
7) C
8) B
9) C
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) B
2) D
3) B
4) A
36) D
37) B
38) C
39) A
30) B
31) A
32) C
33) D
34) C
35) C
25) D
26) E
27) A
28) D
29) A
20) D
21) E
22) B
23) A
24) D

40) D
41) E
42) E
43) A
44) A
45) D
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
46) 1-O, 2-O, 3-I, 4-O, 5-I
47) prone
48) ADP
49) selectively
50) Channel
51) 1-B, 2-I, 3-K, 4-D, 5-H, 6-E, 7-F, 8-G, 9-J, 10-A,
11-C
52) distal
53) 1-B, 2-E, 3-D, 4-C, 5-A
54) cell division
55) 1-B, 2-A, 3-D, 4-C, 5-E
56) 1-B, 2-E, 3-D, 4-A, 5-C