Name: _____________________________
_______
8th Grade Science
Mr.Vorstadt
Date: _____________
Period:
CHAPTER 6 “FORCES THAT CHANGE EARTH’S SURFACE”
TEST
Multiple Choice
_____ 1. The lithosphere is the outer solid portion of the earth. It is most closely associated
with the (1) mantle
(2) crust
(3) inner core
(4) outer core
_____ 2. An example of how the atmosphere interacts with the lithosphere occurs when
(1) rain falls on a slope and washes soil away
(2) ocean water evaporates into the air
(3) wind produces waves on the ocean
(4) water evaporates from the ocean and goes into air
_____ 3. When water freezes in cracks in a rock, the water expands, breaking the rock apart.
This is a type of
(1) glacial erosion
(2) chemical weathering
(3) physical weathering
(4) groundwater erosion
_____ 4. The
shows the
magnetite,
iron, changing
diagram below
mineral
which contains
into
rust
particles. This is
an example of
(1) chemical weathering
(3) erosion by running water
(2) physical weathering
(4) the role of gravity in erosion
_____ 5. Erosion is the process by which rocks at Earth's surface
(1) crumble and decay (2) melt to form magma
(3) turn into rust
(4) are removed and carried away
_____ 6.
What changed the shape of the land in the series of diagrams below?
Mountains
Low hills
Rolling plains
1
50million years ago
(1) faulting
Today
10million years ago
(2) erosion
(3) folding
(4) gravity
_____ 7. The rock layers in the diagram have been affected by
(1) folding
(2) groundwater erosion
(3) volcanoes
(4) faulting
_____ 8. Major mountain ranges are formed when crustal plates
(1) push into each other
(2) slide past each other
(3) move away from each other
(4) break into smaller plates
_____ 9. The theory that Earth's crust is broken up into large pieces that move and interact is
called (1) evolution
(2) mountain building
(3) the rock cycle
(4) plate tectonics
_____ 10. Mountains can be produced by all of the following processes except
(1) volcanic eruptions
(2) folding
(3) weathering
(4) faulting
_____ 11.
diagram,
If crustal block A, to the left of the fault in the
suddenly shifted downward
several feet what would most likely occur at
location C?
(1) An ocean would form.
(2) A mountain would form.
(3) An earthquake would occur.
(4) A volcanic eruption would occur.
_____ 12. Earth's crust is in motion. The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is a location of upwelling magma
where new crust is being formed and pushed outward in two directions, east and west.
Which of the following locations would have the youngest rocks?
(1) F
(3) B
(2) C
(4) A
_____ 13. Alaska is more likely to have an earthquake than Florida because
2
(1) Alaska is younger than Florida
(2) Alaska is in the middle of a crustal plate
(3) Alaska is on the edge of a crustal plate
(4) Florida has more people
_____ 14. In which state is an earthquake most likely to occur?
(1) New York
(2) Florida (3) Kansas (4) California
_____ 15. Early recognition of Continental Drift came from
(1) the land on each side of the Atlantic Ocean fitting like a puzzle
(2) identifying earthquake and volcanic belts
(3) making measurements of the distance across the Atlantic Ocean
(4) determining the age of rocks under the Atlantic Ocean
_____ 16. Earth is made up of a crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. The crust is solid and
broken into plates that seem to float on the mantle. The mantle is solid, but flows like
heated plastic. The outer core is liquid, and the inner core is solid. Much of our
knowledge about the internal structure and composition of Earth comes from
(1) deep mining operations
(2) earthquake produced waves
(3) underwater drilling
(4) the rock structure on the surface
_____ 17. The layer of earth that extends from the bottom of the crust downward to the
earths outer-core is called (1) mantel (2) crust (3) inner-core
(4) Moho
_____ 18. The outer most solid rock layers of the earth is called?
(1) mantel
(2) crust
(3) inner-core (4) Moho
_____ 19. Layers of flat-topped rocks high above sea level are called
(1) mountains
_____ 20. The liquid part of the planet Earth is
(2) plateaus
(3) valley
(4)
known as the?
rock flats
(1) Lithosphere
(2) Hydrosphere
(3) Atmosphere (4) Thermosphere
Use the diagram to answer
questions 20-21
_____ 21. The solid part of the planet Earth is known as the?
(1) Thermosphere (2) Atmosphere (3) Hydrosphere
(4) Lithosphere
_____ 22. Type of seismic wave that can travel through both solids and liquids is known as?
(1) P-waves
(2) S-waves
(3) L-waves
(4) Q-waves
_____ 23. Type of seismic wave that can travel only through liquids is known as?
(1) P-waves
(2) S-waves
(3) L-waves
(4) Q-waves
_____ 24. Type of seismic wave that travels on the surface of the Earth is known as?
3
(1) P-waves
(2) S-waves
(3) L-waves
(4) Q-waves
_____ 25. Is the bending of the Earth’s crust due to stress in the crust pushing together is
known as? (1) Faulting
(2) Folding
(3) Volcano
(4) Erosion
_____ 26. The gas part of the planet Earth is known as the?
(1) Atmosphere
(2) Hydrosphere (3) Lithosphere
(4) Thermosphere
_____ 27. The wearing away of rock by the repeated freezing and melting of water is called?
(1) root-pry
(2) frost-action (3) gravity (4) all of these are correct
_____ 28. A rock that dissolves easily in water is said to be?
(1) soluble (2) insoluble (3) physical erosion
(4) water
_____ 29. Is the cracking or breaking of the Earth’s crust due to stress in the crust pushing or
pulling is known as? (1) Faulting
(2) Folding (3) Volcano (4) Erosion
_____ 30. Rocks can be broken apart by
(1) root-pry
(2) frost-action
(3) gravity
(4) all of these are correct
_____ 31. Acid rain is made when sulfurous gases dissolve in water to form?
(1) hydrochloric acid (2) carbonic acid (3) sulfuric acid
(4) oxygenic acid
_____ 32. The process in which carbon chemically combines with another substance is called?
(1) carbonation
(2) exfoliation
(3) oxidation
(4) nitrate
_____ 33. The process in which oxygen chemically combines with another substance is called?
(1) carbonation
(2) exfoliation
(3) oxidation
(4) nitrate
_____ 34. Is the wearing away of rocks by solid particles carried by wind, water, or other forces
is called?
(1) gravity
(2) abrasion (3) root-pry (4) frost-action
_____ 35. The weathering of rock in which a plant root grow in cracks in a rock and loosen rocks
materials is called?
(1) root-pry
(2) frost-action (3) gravity (4) all of these are correct
_____ 36. Which block diagram represents the
mid-Atlantic Ridge?
_____ 37. Shock waves produced by earthquakes are called?
(1) plasticity
(2) sonar
(3) seismic (4) solar
_____ 38. All of the following are layers of the Earth except?
(1) crust
(2) mantel
(3) outer core
_____ 39. Oceanic crust is
4
(4) moho
(1) thicker than continental crust
(2) as thick as continental crust
(3) made of granite
(4) thinner than continental crust
_____ 40. Which of the Earth’s layers is made up of liquid magma?
(1) crust
(2) mantel
(3) outer core
(4) inner core
_____ 41. In which diagram are the layers of Earth correctly labeled?
_____ 42. The
some geologic
the west coast of
United
map below shows
features located near
the
States.
The arrows on either side of the fault represent
(1) the relative movement of tectonic plates
(2) volcanic eruptions
(3) rock formations
(4) the relative movement of air masses
Base your answers to questions 43 and 44 on the diagram below, which shows a model of Earth’s
interior.
5
_____ 43. What information did scientists study in order to develop this model?
(1) recordings of earthquake waves
(2) locations of recent volcanic activity
(3) core samples from seafloor drillings
(4) fossils found in rocks
_____ 44. Many scientists believe that crustal plate movement occurs because of convection
cells contained in Earth’s
(1) mantle
(2) crust
(3) inner core
(4) outer core
_____ 45.The diagrams below show a natural process that weathers rock. Which statement
best explains why this process results in
weathering?
(1) Frozen water dissolves most types of rocks.
(2) Frozen water acts as a solute.
(3) The mass of water increases when it freezes.
(4) Water expands when it freezes.
Process Skill
Using the diagram below answer the following questions
Plot the following locations of these earthquakes on the map below .
Earthquakes
46
47
48
49
50
Latitude
20 O North
60 O North
30 O South
20 O South
80 O North
6
Longitude
20 O East
80 O East
60 O West
40 O East
140 O East
7