Unit 6
I HAVE TO GO!
WARM UP:
1.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Diarrhoea is a disease affecting one’s
heart
brain
bowel
kidney
.
2. Diarrhoea is passing loose or watery faeces more than three times a
day.
A. True
B. False
SECTION I: READING HEALTH RELATED ISSUES
1-1 READING
It is hard to be specific about a normal toilet habit. Many people think
that once, or possibly twice, a day is normal, but there is a wide range.
With children, it is important to take note of changes in toilet habits. With
diarrhoea, the child may go to toilet several times a day, passing watery
or runny faeces. There can be a lot of wind and the diarrhoea may be
explosive or particularly foul smelling. There may be abdominal pain that
comes and goes with the passage of stool. There are many causes of
diarrhoea. Diarrhoea may be caused by infection, such as gastroenteritis
or malabsorption problems, when food is not taken in through the gut
properly. To treat diarrhoea, try to continue feeding the child as normal.
Do not starve them. Soups and high-carbohydrate foods are good choices.
Offer drinks, such as wate,r to avoid dehydration. Take small, frequent
sips of water. It is important that babies and small children do not become
dehydrated. Even if the child vomits, still give them frequent sips of
water. A small amount of fluid is better than none. Fruit juice and fizzy
drinks should be avoided as these can make diarrhoea worse in children.
1-2 READING COMPREHENSION
Please select the best answer for each question.
1. To treat diarrhoea, try to
(A) stop
(B) continue
(C) pause
(D) discontinue
feeding the child as normal.
2. What can cause diarrhoea?
(A) flu
(B) pneumonia
(C) gastroenteritis
(D) diabetes
WORD BANK
1-3 VOCABULARY
habit / KK [ˋhæbɪt] DJ [ˋhæbit] / n /習慣
Smoking is not a good habit.
faeces / KK [ˋfisiz] DJ [ˋfi:si:z] / n /排泄物、殘渣
The toilet was full of faeces.
explosive / KK [ɪkˋsplosɪv] DJ [iksˋpləusiv] / adj /爆炸(性)的、爆發的
gas is highly explosive.
foul / KK [faʊl] DJ [faul] / adj /骯髒的、惡臭的
Smell of bad food is foul.
malabsorption / KK [mæl əbˋsɔrpʃən] DJ [mæl əbˋsɔ:pʃən] / n /吸收不
良
Lactose malabsorption is a very common condition characterized by
intestinal lactose deficiency.
starve / KK [stɑrv] DJ [stɑ:v] / vt /使餓死、使挨餓
I’m starving. Let’s get something to eat.
sip / KK [sɪp] DJ [sip] / n /一小口 ([+of])
Mary took a small sip of her coke.
fizzy / KK [ˋfɪzɪ] DJ [ˋfizi] / adj / (口)嘶嘶的、起泡沫的
Coca cola is fizzy drink.
1-4 ESP WORDS
diarrhoea / KK [͵daɪəˋriə] DJ [͵daiəˋriə] / n /腹瀉
gastroenteritis / KK [͵gæstro͵ɛntəˋraɪtɪs] DJ [͵gæstrəu͵entəˋraitis] / n /
胃腸炎
carbohydrate / KK [͵kɑrbəˋhaɪdret] DJ [͵kɑ:bəuˋhaidreit] / n /碳水化
合物、醣
dehydration / KK [͵dihaɪˋdreʃən] DJ [͵di:haiˋdreiʃən] / n /脫水
1-5 READING APPLICATION
In groups, discuss the following question.
1. Do you have experience with diarrhoea? Share one story with the
group.
1-6 SENTENCE COMPLETION
A word or phrase is missing in each of the question. Please select the best
answer to complete the sentence.
1. It is hard to be
(A) specific
(B) normal
(C) general
(D) generic
about a normal toilet habit.
2. Even if the child vomits, still give them frequent
(A) tips
(B) sips
(C) trigs
(D) lips
of water.
1-7 TEXT COMPLETION
A word or phrase is missing in each text or sentence listed below. Please
select the best answer to complete the text or sentence.
1. To treat diarrhoea, soups and
(A) chicken
(B) vegetable
(C) low-carbohydrate
(D) high-carbohydrate
foods are good choices.
2. Fruit juice and
drinks should be avoided as these can make
diarrhoea worse in children.
(A) water
(B) fizzy
1-8 WRITING PRACTICE
Please restructure the following sentence to form a correct expression.
1. children are diarrhoea abdominal pain, toilet several times a day,
passing watery or runny faeces.
SECTION II: COMMUNICATING HEALTH ISSUES
2-1 DIALOGUE
Tracy is 6 years old. She has suffered from diarrhoea for several days and
received treatment. Mrs. Jones, Tracy’s mother is with her for a checkup
at a paediatric clinic.
Paediatrician: Hello, Tracy, how are you today?
Tracy: I feel better, thank you.
Mrs. Jones: She is getting better. She has stopped diarrhoea for one day.
How can we prevent the situation again?
Paediatrician: You can prevent diarrhoea caused by infections by taking
the following steps to prevent the infection spreading. They are as follows:
(1) wash hands thoroughly before eating or preparing food; (2) after
going to the toilet, clean the toilet with the disinfectant, which includes
the handle and the seat after each bout of diarrhoea; and (3) do not share
towels, cutlery or utensils with other family members.
Mrs. Jones: Is there anything we have to notice?
Paediatrician: Yes, there is. Practising good food hygiene will help you
avoid getting diarrhoea as a result of food poisoning.
Mrs. Jones: We will follow your instruction. Thank you very much.
2-2 CONVERSATION COMPREHENSION
Based on the dialogue listed above, select the best answer for each
question.
1. How do you prevent diarrhoea?
(A) washing hands thoroughly before eating or preparing food
(B) sharing towels
(C) washing hands before going to the toilet only
(D) ignoring food hygiene
2-3 VOCABULARY
disinfectant / KK [[͵dɪsɪnˋfɛktənt] DJ [͵disinˋfektənt] / n /消毒劑
I use the deodorizing disinfectant while cleaning the toilet.
bout / KK [baʊt] DJ [baut] / n / 一陣、一回
He has a bout of fever because of the flu.
cutlery / KK[ˋkʌtlərɪ] DJ [ˋkʌtləri] / n /刀、利器、餐具
Jenny bought some new cutlery yesterday.
utensils / KK[ juˋtɛns!] DJ [ju:ˋtensl] / n /器皿、用具
The department store sells a lot of imported cooking utensils.
hygiene / KK [ˋhaɪdʒin] DJ [ˋhaidʒi:n] / n / 衛生
The food hygiene problem needs a lot of attention.
2-4 ESP WORDS
paediatric / KK [͵pidɪˋætrɪk] DJ [͵pi:diˋætrik] / adj /小兒科的
paediatrician / KK [͵pidɪəˋtrɪʃən] DJ [͵pi:diəˋtriʃən] / n /小兒科醫師
2-5 ROLE PLAYS
The 10-year-old Edward is suffering from diarrhoea. As her primary
care nurse, Flora is teaching him and his mother, Carol, how to prevent
diarrhoea. Based on this scenario, play the roles of Carol and Flora with
your partner.
2-6 GRAPHIC COMPREHENSION
For each question, listen to the statement and select the best response that
describes the picture.
If the child suffers from diarrhoea, treat and avoid dehydration by
offering the child liquids. Oral rehydration is the best way to provide lost
fluids, and small sips of water will work.
Based on the above statement, diarrhoeal children should supply
(A) soda
(B) rice
(C) fruit
(D) water
Answers of Practice Questions
WARM UP
1. C 2. A
READING COMREHENSION
1. B 2. C
SENTENCE COMPLETION
1. A 2. B
TEXT COMPLETION
1. D 2. B
WRITING PRACTICE
1. Children who have diarrhoea suffer from abdominal pain, toilet several
times a day and passing watery or runny faeces.
CONVERSATION COMPREHENSION
1. A
GRAPHIC COMPREHENSION
1. D