Bio 21: Ch 12 Human Genetics
Vocabulary:
T. H. Morgan 12.1
Drosophila
melongaster
Sex-linked traits
X- linked trait
Y-linked trait
Chromosome
mapping
Germ-cell mutation
Somatic mutation
Deletion
Inversion
Translocation
Nondisjunction
Point mutation
Frameshift mutation
Pedigree 12.2
Carrier
Smigala15
Genetic disorder
Polygenic trait
Complex characters
Multiple allele traits
Sex-influenced traits
Single allele traits
Genetic counseling
12.1 Skim/Read p. 234-240
1. Describe Morgan’s research.
2. What are sex-linked genes? How are the inheritance patterns between the
sexes different for X and Y linked genes?
3. What is a chromosome map?
4. Distinguish between somatic and germ-cell mutations.
5. Give 3 examples each of: a. gene mutations
b. chromosome mutations
6. Biologists have observed that:
a. chromosome mutations often occur during nuclear division. Why?
b. point & frameshift mutations often occur when DNA copies itself. Why?
12.2 Read p. 241-248
7. What is a pedigree? What information can be obtained by creating a
pedigree?
8. Make a chart that distinguishes between single-allele traits, multipleallele traits, polygenic traits, sex-linked traits, and sex-influenced traits.
9. Explain the concept of complex characters. Use an example.
10. Blood typing: what are the 4 blood types? How are they inherited? How
do you test blood to determine an individual’s blood type?
By the time you take your test on this chapter, make sure that you can
predict the possible genotypes and phenotypes of parents who may
have any of the traits like sex linked, incomplete dominant, codominant,
multiple allele, etc.
Key for making Pedigrees: