Oak Class (L1,2,3) Levelled approach to calculation in Multiplication
Count repeated groups
of the same size (1s / 2s
/ 5s / 10s)
YR
Practical / recorded using
ICT (eg digital photos /
pictures on IWB)
Rapid recall and mental calculation
Pictures / Objects
Symbols
3 plates, 2 cakes on each plate:
3 plates, 2 cakes on each plate:
Counting on in 1s and
2s
Number tracks / Number line
(modelled using bead strings)
Subtraction facts to 10
ref Overview of learning
5
Solve (practical) problems that involve
combining groups of 2, 5 or 10
Practical / recorded
using ICT
Pictures / Symbols
There are three sweets in one bag.
How many sweets are there in five
bags?
1 / 10 less than
a number
2 x 3 or 3 x 2
[two, three times] or [three groups of two]
L1
0
2
4
2
4
Pictures / Symbols
Level 2
L3
2c. Learn 2x and 5x table and associated divisions
facts
Recognise key words associated with multiplication
2b. Quickly recall 2x 5x 10x tables
Start to learn 3x 4x tables
Recognise that multiplication is repeated addition
2a. Learn and recall 3x 4x tables
Multiply TU by U (up to 5 )
Know the key words associated with multiplication and
use them in problem solving
Understand the multiplication and division are the
inverse of each other and that they can be used to
check answers
Repeated addition
There are four apples in each
box.
How many apples in six
boxes
3c. Learn 4x 6x tables and division facts
Recognise the key words associated with multiplication
when solving problems
Use mental calculation skills to work out approximate answers to problems
Multiply TU x U and record
3b. Learn and recall 4x 6x 7x8x9x tables
Estimate the answer to check
Know the key words associated with multiplication when solving problems
Multiply HTU x U and record
3a.Demonstrate secure knowledge of all x tables and apply them in problem solving
Recognise the relationship between multiplication and division and how it can be
used
Multiply HTU x TU
Check answers by using inverse operation
5 x 3 or 3 x 5
0
3
6
9
6
12
Arrays
Doubles of numbers to
20
5 x 3 or 3 x 5
Recall and begin to
derive 2,5,10 x tables
and division facts
15
Begin to learn 3 and 4
X tables
0
5
10
15
[ref Multiplication facts ITP]
Also 14 x 2 as (10 x 2 and 4 x 2)
Know 3 and 4 x tables
Recognise multiples of
2, 5 and 10 up to 1000
Expanded grid method treat as arrays
Compact grid method
13 x 4
43 x 6 (be able to do
Resource: arrays spreadsheet
X
40
3
6
240
18
Begin to be able to complete this
process for HTU X TU for L3a
Partitioning
(possible use of
number line to record
steps)
Eg.
13 x 4 = 52
10 x 4 = 40
3 x 4 = 12
Know 4x and 6x
table for 3c
3b onwards all
tables and
division facts
Understand
simple inverses
such as if 12 X 4
= … then …
divided by 12 = 4
L4
L5
4c. Understand what happens when we multiply by 10 and 100 and
apply a quick method
Know all x tables and division facts
Multiply HTU x TU
use X and division skills in problem solving
4b. Continue to develop and refine long multiplication skills
Use approximation to check answers
Solve problems using a calculator
Multiply decimals by 10 and 100
Use multiplication to solve multi- step problems
4a. Carry out HTU x TU with consistent accuracy
Multiply to 1 decimal place
Use the inverse to check answers
Use multiplication skills to solve word problems in real life
Use a calculator to solve problems
5c.Multiply and divide whole numbers and decimals quickly by 10, 100 and
1000
Carry out long division and multiplication with consistent accuracy
Multiply a decimal number with up to 2 decimal places by a single digit
Use multiplication and division to solve multi step word problems
involving money including conversions to and from foreign currency and
%
Use calculator to solve problems
5b. Multiply a decimal number with up to 2 decimal places by 2digit numbers
Refine written methods of long multiplication and division to ensure
efficiency while maintaining accuracy
Use multiplication and division to solve problems in a variety of contexts
using written methods and a calculator
Judge whether an answer is reasonable and check results
Know and apply all
times tables such
as if 3X 6 =18
then 30 X 6 will
be 180 etc
This is a good fall back
method and especially for
decimals. Children at 4c are
likely to be using this method.
Children moving into
4b and above should
be considering the
use of expanded or
compact
multiplication
Mentall multiply
and divide by
10/100/1000
including (L4b
plus) with one
decimal place.
Apply tables, mult and
div knowledge to FDP
Mentally mult and div
by 10/100/1000
including with decimals
This is still a good method for complex
multiplications with decimals
This should be the primary strategy for
L5 and beyond children
Make links between
simple and complex
multiplications i.e.
know 0.7 x 20 because
you know 7 x 20