Name ______________________________ Class __________________ Date __________________
Chapter 5 Review. All work not completed in class is homework.
Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter
On a separate piece of paper, write the question and the term or phrase that best completes
each statement or best answers each question.
_____ 1. Neutral atoms contain equal numbers of
a. electrons and neutrons.
b. protons and neutrons.
c. protons and electrons.
d. protons, electrons, and neutrons.
_____ 2. The atomic symbol for beryllium,
a.
b.
c.
d.
9
4
Be
, indicates that the
atomic number is 4.
atomic number is 9.
mass number is 4.
atomic number is equal to 9  4.
_____ 4. Rutherford’s gold-foil experiment led him to conclude that
a. Thomson’s plum pudding model of the atom was accurate.
b. alpha particles were a poor choice for a bombardment material.
c. a dense region of positive charge existed somewhere in the atom.
d. light was emitted by electrons returning to ground state.
_____ 5. Which of the following is not one of the five principles of Dalton’s theory?
a. Atoms of different elements combine in simple, whole-number ratios to form
compounds.
b. All matter is made of indivisible, indestructible atoms.
c. All atoms have similar physical and chemical properties.
d. Chemical reactions consist of the combination, separation, or rearrangement of
atoms.
_____ 9. An atom of potassium has 19 protons and 20 neutrons. Its mass number is
a. 9.
b. 19.
c. 20.
d. 39.
_____ 10. The average atomic mass of an element is
a. the mass of one isotope of the element.
b. the weighted average of all naturally occurring isotopes of the element.
c. the same as the atomic number of the element.
d. the sum of the number of neutrons and protons in an atom.
Chapter 5 Review Sheet. The information in the review sheet is to understand the concept not memorize the questions.
Name ______________________________ Class __________________ Date __________________
_____ 11. The ancient Greek natural philosopher who first proposed the notion of the atom
was
a. Aristotle.
b. Socrates.
c. Democritus.
d. Plato.
_____ 12. The word atom means
a. indivisible.
b. indestructible.
c. energetic.
d. charged.
_____ 13. Which feature of Dalton’s atomic theory is different from modern atomic theory?
a. Atoms cannot be destroyed.
b. Atoms cannot be subdivided.
c. Atoms cannot be rearranged in chemical reactions.
d. Atoms combine in whole-number ratios.
_____ 14. Most of the mass of an atom is located in the
a. electron cloud.
b. nucleus.
c. None of the above
_____ 15. The smallest particle in an atom is the
a. proton.
b. neutron.
c. electron.
d. None of the above
_____ 19. The basic principles of atomic theory were first conceived by
a. Avogadro.
b. Bohr.
c. Dalton.
d. Rutherford.
_____ 20. The discovery of the nucleus was a result of Rutherford’s observation that a small
percentage of the positively charged particles bombarding the metal’s surface
a. were slightly deflected as they passed through the metal.
b. were deflected back toward the source.
c. passed straight through the metal.
d. combined with the metal.
_____ 21. Most of the volume of an atom is occupied by the
a. nucleus.
b. nuclides.
c. electrons.
d. protons.
Chapter 5 Review Sheet. The information in the review sheet is to understand the concept not memorize the questions.
Name ______________________________ Class __________________ Date __________________
PART II Write the correct term (or terms) in the space provided. (2 points)
22. Define Isotope.
23. The amount of a substance that contains a number of particles equal to the number of
atoms in exactly 12 g of carbon-12 is referred to as a(n)
____________________________.
24. The smallest particle of an element that retains the chemical properties of that
element is a(n) ____________________________.
25. The number of protons in the nucleus of an element is called its
____________________________ number.
26. If two or more compounds are composed of elements A and B, the ratio of the
masses of B combined with 1 g of A is always a ratio of small whole numbers. This
is a statement of the law of
____________________________.
Dalton’s atomic theory vs. Modern atomic theory
Dalton’s Atomic Theory
Modern Atomic Theory
1) All matter is made of atoms. Atoms
are composed of smaller particles.
1) All matter is made of atoms. Atoms are
indivisible and indestructible.
2) All atoms of a given element may differ
in their masses (isotopes)
2) All atoms of a given element are identical in
mass and properties
3) Compounds are formed by a combination of two
or more different kinds of atoms.
4) A chemical reaction is a rearrangement of atoms
3) Compounds are formed by a
combination of two or more different kinds
of atoms.
4) A chemical reaction is a rearrangement
of atoms
27. Circle the statements (2) above that were proven to be untrue in Dalton’s Atomic
theory according to the modern atomic theory.
PART III Complete the following table to compare the types of subatomic particles.
Particle
27.
Proton
28.
Neutron
29.
Electron
Mass number
Relative charge
Location
30. Create a graphic organizer to identify how and when the five scientists contributed to the
development of the atom. (Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford, Democritus, Chadwick)
Chapter 5 Review Sheet. The information in the review sheet is to understand the concept not memorize the questions.
Name ______________________________ Class __________________ Date __________________
31. Calculate the average atomic mass in the problems attached:
Chapter 5 Review Sheet. The information in the review sheet is to understand the concept not memorize the questions.