Name: __________________________________________
ENV SCI
Date: _______
Ecosystems & Biogeochemical Systems Review Packet
Part 1 – Match each of the following
_____ 1. Ammonification
A. One organism feeds on and usually lives on or in
another, usually larger, organism
_____ 2. Coevolution
B. When two species use the same resource
_____ 3. Combustion
C. Carbon dioxide is a by-product of this biological
reaction
_____ 4. Commensalism
D. Defensive chemicals used by plants
_____ 5. Competition
E. A relationship between two species in which both
species benefit
_____ 6. Denitrification
F. One organism feeding on another
_____ 7. Erosion
G. This process releases carbon from fossil fuels
_____ 8. Mutualism
H. Two or more species living together in a close, longterm relationship
_____ 9. Parasitism
I. Carbon becomes available to other organisms through
this process acting on limestone
_____ 10. Predation
J. Back and forth evolutionary changes between members
of an ecosystem
_____ 11. Respiration
K. This process returns nitrogen gas to the atmosphere
_____ 12. Secondary Compounds
L. This process converts nitrogen into a useable form for
organisms
_____ 13. Symbiosis
M. A relationship in which one species benefits and the
other neither benefits nor is harmed
Part 2 – Choose the best possible answer
_____ 14. This occurs when water evaporates from the leaves of plants.
A. Evaporation
B. Condensation
C. Precipitation
D. Transpiration
_____ 15. What is it called when water seeps into the soil and stays underground?
A. Precipitation
B. Surface Water
C. Ground Water
D. Body of Water
_____ 16. A cycle, such as the carbon cycle, that contains biological, geological, and chemical
aspects of an ecosystem is known as which of the following?
A. Biogeochemical
B. Ecological
C. Biology
D. Chemistry
_____ 17. What is the study of interactions of living organisms with one another and with their
physical environment?
A. Biology
B. Chemistry
C. Ecology
D. Environmental Science
_____ 18. Which two organisms exist in a predator-prey relationship?
A. Bear & Fish
B. Tree & Grass
C. Male & Female Penguins
D. Mosquito & Ladybug
_____ 19. What is the exclusion of one species by another due to competition?
A. Fundamental Niche
B. Competitive Exclusion
C. Biological Connectedness
D. Realized Niche
_____ 20. If it has been proven that a barnacle can live in shallow and deep water, but is
restricted to shallow water when in competition with a barnacle that can only
survive in deep water, the shallow water is the barnacle’s
niche.
A. Fundamental Niche
B. Competitive Exclusion
C. Biological Connectedness
D. Realized Niche
_____ 21. Where is most of Earth’s surface water contained?
A. Lake Ecosystems
B. River Ecosystems
C. Reservoir Ecosystems
D. Oceanic Ecosystems
_____ 22. Which of the following demonstrates a parasitic relationship?
A. Tick on a human
B. Sea anemone and clownfish
C. Ants and aphids
D. Lion eating a zebra
_____ 23. Which of the following demonstrates a mutualistic relationship?
A. Tick on a human
B. Sea anemone and clownfish
C. Ants and aphids
D. Lion eating a zebra
_____ 24. Which of the following demonstrates a commensal relationship?
A. Tick on a human
B. Sea anemone and clownfish
C. Ants and aphids
D. Lion eating a zebra
_____ 25. Which of the following demonstrates a predator-prey relationship?
A. Tick on a human
B. Sea anemone and clownfish
C. Ants and aphids
D. Lion eating a zebra
Part 3 – Diagrams
Use your book to help you complete the following diagrams, which can be found in Chapter 16
and Chapter 17
26. Label the trophic levels of the following food chain and also label the type of producers and
consumers.
27. Label the following parts of the water cycle: Transpiration, Precipitation, Runoff,
Percolation, Ground Water, Water Vapor, Evaporation (x2)
28. Label the following parts of the carbon cycle: Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide, Death &
Decomposition, Cellular Respiration, Fossil Fuels, Combustion, Photosynthesis, Limestone
29. Label the following parts of the nitrogen cycle: Atmospheric Nitrogen, Denitrification,
Assimilation, Nitrification, Ammonification, Nitrogen Fixation (x2)
Part 4 – Short answer
Explain why scientists believe that most animals would become extinct if all plants died.
Compare how succession would occur after a forest fire versus how it would occur if a glacier
receded for the first time.
Why can nutrients cycle but energy cannot?
Is the relationship between a plant and its pollinator mutualistic? Why or why not?
A scientist finds no evidence that species in a community are competing and concludes that
competition never played a role in the development of this community. Is this conclusion valid?
Why or why not?