Biology 2: Semester 2 Final Study Guide
Define:
Downwelling
Upwelling
El Nino
Tides
Marine Biology
Salinity
Tsunamis
Pressure
Tides
Spring Tide
Great ocean conveyor
Solvent
Hydrothermal vents
Black smokers
Density
Weathering
Planktonic
Diffusion
Ectotherm
Endotherm
Benthic
Anadromous
Osmoconformer
Krill
Nekton
Catadromous
Osmoregulate
Baleen
Macrophyte
Name_________________
Vertebrate
Oviparous
Ovoviparous
Viviparous
Claspers
Swim Bladder
Operculum
Blowhole
Fluke
IWC
Spout
Bends
Delayed Implantation
Please answer the following
1. What are the four main oceans?
2. Why was the discovery of the mid-ocean ridge important in supporting Wegener’s hypothesis of
continental drift?
3. Name and define the three continental margins.
4. Explain why most oceanic trenches were found in the Pacific Ocean?
5. Scientists who study forms of marine life that lived more than 200 million years ago usually
obtain fossils not from the sea floor, but from areas that were once undersea and have been
uplifted onto the continents. Why?
6. Explain why water is described as nature’s universal solvent.
7. Where does seawater get its characteristics?
8. Define density as it relates to seawater.
9. What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis?
10. Explain why transparency is an important biological property of seawater.
11. Discuss the Coriolis Effect and its influence on currents.
12. Draw and label the parts of a wave.
13. Explain why there are tides.
14. Discuss how salinity can affect cells.
15. Describe how marine organisms have adapted to the problem of maintaining the proper balance
of water and salts.
16. What are the eight levels of modern classification system?
17. Draw, label, and define the function of the general structure for seaweeds.
18. List and describe the three classes of fish (that we have discussed, make sure you include the
characteristics that distinguish them from each other)
19. Be able to label the external parts of the perch and dogfish. Be able to identify the internal
structure of the dogfish.
20. List and give an example of the four orders of Class Mammalia that we have discussed. List the
key characteristics that distinguish them from others.
21. List and give an example of the three orders of Class Reptilia that we have discussed. List key
characteristics that distinguish them from others.
22. List and give an example of the Class Aves that we have discussed. List adaptations to the
marine environment.
23. Describe the method in which baleen whales feed.
24. What was the importance for establishing the MMPA, 1972?
25. Discuss the adaptations that cetaceans have that allow them to be fast swimmers and master
divers.
26. How do marine mammals prevent from getting the bends?
27. Explain the use and function of echolocation and why is works so well in the water. (Make sure
you use: melon and air sac in your explanation.)
Please find the common name that matches the given scientific name for the following marine
animals:
1. Chelonia mydas
2. Eretmochelys imbricata
3. Dermochelys coriacea
4. Lepidochelys kempii
5. Caretta caretta
6. Natator depressa
7. Chelonia agassizii
8. Lepidochetys olivacea
9. Amblyrhynchus cristatus
10. Crocodylus porosus
11. Aptenodytes forsteri
12. Diomedea
13. Puffinus
14. Pterodroma
15. Pelecanus
16. Phalocrocorax
17. Larus
18. Sterna
19. Phoca vitulina
20. Mirounga
21. Zalophus californianus
22. Odobenus rosmarus
23. Enhydra lutris
24. Ursus maritimus
25. Trichechus
26. Balaenoptera musculus
27. Physeter catadon
28. Orcinus orca
29. Tursiops truncates
30. Squalus acanthias
31. Ulva
32. Macrocystis
33. Fucus
34. Porphyra