WSP SA Standard Specification
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
4.012
QUALITY, GAUGES, MASSES AND MEASURES OF MATERIALS
4.012.01
MATERIALS
New, high quality and free from defects; listed by SANS, BS, DIN, NEMA or bearing their label or
mark and/or listed by Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc, or bearing their label.
Materials and/or equipment used for this project to be of the same manufacture wherever possible.
The sub-contractor must obtain approval from all authorities as required for materials and/or
equipment used on the project.
4.012.02
4.012.03
GAUGES OF WIRE AND METAL
Wire and cable sizes
:
as per SANS "Code of Practice", in mm²
Sheet Metal Ductwork
:
Conform to SMACNA or SANS
Sheet Metal
:
2mm unless otherwise noted
MASSES AND MEASURES
All masses and measures shown or mentioned shall be taken to be according to denomination
authorized by the R.S.A. Weights and Measures Act of 1922 and any amendment thereof and in
accordance with the Systeme International d'Unites (SI) as recommended by the Metrication
Advisory Board for use in South Africa.
The Contractor shall provide himself with copies of all the South African National Standards, British
Standards and American Society of Testing Materials specifications and any other publications,
regulations and by-laws, quoted in the Specification.
Where Standard Specifications are referred to in the Specification, latest edition of such standards
available at the date set for the closing of Tenders for this Subcontract shall apply. No claim will be
entertained on account of lack of knowledge of such specifications or regulations.
Whenever any product is specified to be in accordance with SANS, BS, or ASTM standard, or
other associated standard, the Tenderer shall present an affidavit from the manufacturer certifying
that the product complies with the particular standard specification. Where necessary and
requested or specified, supporting test data shall be submitted to substantiate compliance. The
Tenderer is warned that European and American Standards may differ from those used locally.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-1
WSP SA Standard Specification
4.027
DRAWINGS
4.027.01
DEFINITION
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
"Drawings" as referred to under this clause shall include all of the following as well as additional
details which may be deemed relevant to the execution of the contract.
Component or equipment manufacturing details
General arrangement and installation drawings
Plantroom layouts and builders work requirements
Schematic and isometric layouts
Control and electrical drawings for mechanical equipment
Sketches and enlarged details
Co-ordination drawings
4.027.02
SERVICES
These clauses are relevant to all of the following engineering disciplines:
Mechanical installations
Plumbing and drainage installations
Special gas services
Sprinkler and fire protection services
Lift and hoist installations
Electrical and control schematic layouts pertaining to all of the above disciplines.
4.027.03
ENGINEERING DRAWINGS
The consulting engineer's drawings are not to be used for manufacturing or installation purposes.
Sepias or copies of engineers drawings may not be used by the sub-contractor for purposes of
producing working drawings without the permission of the Engineer.
4.027.04
SUB-CONTRACTOR'S RESPONSIBILITY
The subcontractor shall produce, at his own expense, all required drawings for the execution of the
contract, including any additional details which may be requested by the engineer, architect or
main contractor.
He shall be responsible for the design, location and dimensioning of the installation.
Verification that the positioning or location of equipment, opening sleeves, penetrations, trunking,
etc., do not clash with other services is the responsibility of the subcontractor.
4.027.04
STANDARDS
General arrangement, installation and plantroom layout drawings will be prepared to a scale of
1:50.
Enlarged details prepared for clarification shall be drawn to a scale of 1:20 or 1:10.
The smallest drawing sheet size consistent with clarity and unambiguity selected form the following
shall be used:
A0 / A1 / A3
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-2
WSP SA Standard Specification
4.027.05
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
APPROVAL
The sub-contractor shall not issue any original or revised drawings, to any parties, for information,
manufacture, installation or for any other reason, unless such drawing has been checked by and
stamped with the Engineer's mark of approval.
The Engineer will check drawings for correctness and compliance with design only. Physical sizes
and correct location of equipment and components shall remain the responsibility of the subcontractor.
Correction or comments made on drawings by the Engineer does not imply a change in the
"Scope of Work". The sub-contractor shall inform the Engineer immediately, in writing, prior to
modifications to the original drawings, whether in his opinion such corrections and comments will
result in a change to the "Scope of Work".
Three (3) prints of each drawing submitted for approval are required. The corrected print will be
returned to the subcontractor and shall be dealt with in accordance with the Engineer's stamped
requirements.
The subcontractor shall furnish as many prints of the approved drawings to the architect, main
contractor, or any other party specified for general issue.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-3
WSP SA Standard Specification
031
PAINTING AND FINISHING
4.031.01
GENERAL
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
All equipment, materials and fasteners installed under this contract shall be protected against rust,
oxidisation and corrosion by the application of an approved protective coating.
Such protective coatings shall be compatible with the materials applied to and shall at all times
conform to the application instructions or recommendations of the manufacturer.
The appropriate and recommended primers shall be applied after descaling, cleaning, washing,
drying or wiping as may be required and before finishing coats are applied.
Only the highest quality approved finishing, priming, etching and cleaning materials shall be used.
4.031.02
PIPING VALVES, FITTINGS AND EQUIPMENT
Uninsulated piping, valves and fittings shall be coated with one coat specified primer, field applied
after erection, and finished with two coats high gloss enamel.
Insulated piping shall be prime coated and inspected by the Engineer prior to insulation being
applied.
Black steel or iron work shall be treated as for uninsulated piping.
Fire dampers, unless galvanized, shall be painted with a factory applied primer and finished with
two coats corrosion inhibitive paint.
Equipment supplied painted or coated by the manufacturer shall not be repainted unless so
specified. Minor damaged areas may be spot coated with identical coatings supplied by the
manufacturer.
Severely damaged equipment shall be re-coated to factory specifications.
4.031.03
SUPPORTS AND GALVANISED ITEMS
Galvanized pipe and duct support rods shall not be painted unless specified.
All supports, brackets and fasteners shall be primed with recommended primer and finished with
two coats high gloss enamel.
Galvanised items will be treated with an approved etching primer, before finishing coats are
applied, when so specified.
4.031.04
OTHER COATINGS
All coating materials not mentioned above such as Electroplating, Galvanizing, chroming,
varnishing and rubberising and others shall be applied strictly in accordance with the
manufacturers specifications.
4.031.05
COLOUR SCHEDULES
Unless otherwise indicated, the following colour schedules shall apply:
NOTE 1
All equipment, ducts, pipework, metal parts and insulated and plastered surfaces shall be
thoroughly descaled, cleaned and painted with a priming coat and two coats of oil paint.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-4
WSP SA Standard Specification
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
NOTE 2
Paint shall be of the highest quality super enamel as manufactured by Plascon or equal, and shall
be applied strictly in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations and directions. Colour
derived from PLASCON COMPUTACOLOUR are denoted (c.c.)
NOTE 3
All colour bands shall be 250mm long. In cases where banks of parallel pipe runs occur, the colour
bands shall be of a uniform length and grouped together wherever possible.
NOTE 4
Colour bands, where specified for exposed services shall be applied at all entries to junctions,
connections to appliances, bulkhead and wall penetrations and both sides of valves.
Bands shall be at 3 000mm centres on straight sections.
NOTE 5
Colour bands, where specified for concealed services shall be applied at all access points to ducts,
shafts, ceilings, etc.
NOTE 6
In concealed accessible areas, the banding shall be applied to the pipework or trunking at
2000mm centres.
NOTE 7
Where chilled water, hot water or domestic hot water is clad with sheetmetal it is to be painted
continuously. Where unclad, it is to be banded.
4.031.05.01
Piping - air conditioning
Chilled Water flow & return
Midnight Blue G.116
Continuous
Continuous
---
Chilled water F & E
Midnight Blue G.116
Continuous
Continuous
---
Condenser water Flow & return
Magic Green G.406
Continuous
Continuous
---
Condenser water F & E
Magic Green G.406
Continuous
Continuous
---
Computer boosted water supply
Sunlight Yellow G.12
Continuous
Continuous
---
Treated water
Verda (c.c.) M-37-4
Continuous
Continuous
---
Drains
Black G.2
Continuous
Continuous
---
Refrigerant (hot gas)
Copper Polish and Varnish
Continuous
Continuous
---
Refrigerant (liquid)
Copper Polish and Varnish
Continuous
Continuous
---
Refrigerant (suction)
Eyerest Grey G.72
Continuous
Continuous
---
Bleed water
P.W.D. Brown G.18
Continuous
Continuous
---
4.031.05.02
Rev. 2000-07-19
Piping - plumbing
4.012-5
WSP SA Standard Specification
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
Mains cold water
Sea foam G.824
Continuous
As note 6
---
Domestic hot water flow & return
Claret G.822
Continuous
As note 6
---
Domestic cold water
Brilliant Green G.8
Continuous
As note 6
---
Domestic flushing
Ballarat Gold (c.c.) T-73-7
Continuous
As note 6
---
Pumped sewage
Black G.2
Medium Yellow G.6
Continuous
As note 6
As notes 3, 4 &
6
Pumped seepage
Black G.2
White N.Y.1
Continuous
As note 6
As notes 3, 4 &
6
Soil
Black G.2
Golden Brown G.17
Continuous
As note 6
As notes 3, 4 &
6
Waste
Black G.2
Magnolia G.412
Continuous
As note 6
As notes 3, 4 &
6
Rainwater
Black G.2
Continuous
As note 6
---
Vents
Black G.2
Recens (c.c.) D-38-5
Continuous
As note 6
As notes 3, 4 &
6
Anti syphon
Black G.2
Mushroom G.414
Continuous
As note 6
As notes 3, 4 &
6
4.031.05.03
Piping - fuel
Diesel fuel oil
4.031.05.04
Deep Blue G.25
Medium Yellow G.6
Continuous
Continuous
As notes 3 & 4
Piping - laboratory and medical gases
Compressed Air
Arctic Blue HG.98
Continuous
As note 6
---
Compressed Air
(instrument)
Arctic Blue HG.98 Salmon Pink HG.217
Continuous
As note 6
As notes 3,4 & 6
Compressed Air (Medical)
Arctic Blue HG.98 Black G.2 White N.Y.1 Black G.2 Continuous
As note 6
As notes 3,4 & 6
Vacuum
Arctic Blue HG.98 Primrose HG.160
Continuous
As note 6
As notes 3,4 & 6
Argon
Light Stone HG.6 Peacock Blue HG.219
Continuous
As note 6
As notes 3,4 & 6
Light Stone HG.6
Continuous
As note 6
Helium
Light Stone HG.6 Middle Brown HG.215
Continuous
As note 6
As notes 3,4 & 6
Hydrogen
Light Stone HG.6 Poppy Red HG.952
Continuous
As note 6
As notes 3,4 & 6
Nitrogen
Light Stone HG.6 Light Grey Black G2
Continuous
As note 6
As notes 3,4 & 6
Oxygen
Light Stone HG.6 White N.Y.1
Continuous
As note 6
As notes 3,4 & 6
Nitrous - Oxide
Light Stone HG.6 Ultramarine HG.89
Continuous
As note 6
As notes 3,4 & 6
L.P.G.
*
* Superimpose the letters "LPG/VPG"
4.031.05.05
Rev. 2000-07-19
Piping - fire
4.012-6
WSP SA Standard Specification
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
Sprinklers
Signal Red G.7
Continuous
Continuous
---
Hosereels
Signal Red G.7
Continuous
Continuous
---
Hydrants
Signal Red G.7
Continuous
Continuous
---
CO2
Signal Red G.7
Windsor Green
G.33
Continuous
Continuous
As notes 3 & 4
Foam
Signal Red G.7
Medium Yellow G.6
Continuous
Continuous
As notes 3 & 4
4.031.05.06
Cable racks, trays & trunking
Air conditioning power
Calypso G.127
As note 7
As note 7
Air conditioning controls
Seashell G.830
As note 7
As note 7
Audio visual
Medium Yellow G.6
As note 7
As note 7
Building monitoring
Windsor Green G.33
As note 7
As note 7
Data
Light Blue G.16
As note 7
As note 7
Fire detection & evacuation
Claret G.822
As note 7
As note 7
G.P.O.
Cream G.3
As note 7
As note 7
General power (emergency)
Signal Red G.7
As note 7
As note 7
General power (normal)
White N.Y.1
As note 7
As note 7
Lifts
Bahama G.113
As note 7
As note 7
Lighting control
Karoo G.105
As note 7
As note 7
Security
P.W.D. Brown G.18
As note 7
As note 7
White Sound
Deep Blue G.25
As note 7
As note 7
4.031.05.07
Miscellaneous
Bases - steel/steel edge
Black G.2
---
---
Bases - concrete brackets
Black G.2
---
---
Drive guards (pump, fan, etc)
Calypso G.127
---
---
Motor fan guards
Calypso G.127
---
---
Handrails and walkways
Aluminium
---
---
Motors
Manufacturer's Standard
---
---
Valve wheels and handles - fire services
Medium Yellow G.6
---
---
Valve wheels and handles - other services
Signal Red G.7
---
---
Plantroom floors
Pale Grey (Gehopon) G.W.3762
---
---
Airtight access doors
Medium Yellow G.6
---
---
4 031.05.08
Rev. 2000-07-19
Equipment
4.012-7
WSP SA Standard Specification
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
Chillers & package factory assembled equipment
Manufacturer's Standard
---
---
Cooling towers
Manufacturer's Standard
---
---
Exposed ducts, dampers & sound attenuators, air
handling units and centrifugal fans
Tropic Sand (Mobil Corp) CG.0421
---
---
Axial fans (as part of site assembled duct systems)
Light Brown G.32
---
---
Fans (miscellaneous vent/exhaust units)
Manufacturer's Standard
---
---
Filter frames and housings
Light Brown G.32
---
---
Plenums (site assembled air handling units)
Tropic Sand (Mobil Corp) CG.0421
---
---
Pumps (chilled, condenser, hot water, fire)
As respective piping service
---
---
Pumps (sump, spray, etc.)
Manufacturer's Standard
---
---
Tanks (expansion/storage, etc.)
As respective piping service
---
---
Water treatment plant
Manufacturer's Standard
---
---
4.031.05.09
Switchboards, distribution boards, etc.
Air conditioning
Calypso G.127
---
---
General power and lighting
White N.Y.1
---
---
Emergency power and lighting
Signal Red G.7
---
---
Security
Autowash Brown BPF.57
---
---
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-8
WSP SA Standard Specification
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
4.047
CONTRACT MANAGEMENT OF MECHANICAL SUB-CONTRACTS
4.047.01
CO-OPERATION WITH PRINCIPAL CONTRACTOR AND OTHER CONTRACTORS
Render full co-operation to the Principal Contractor and to other Subcontractors. Provide any
information necessary to permit work of all trades to be installed satisfactorily and without
interference or delay.
Where work is to be installed in close proximity to work of other trades, or where there is evidence
that work may interfere with work of other trades, assist in resolving co-ordination issues to make
satisfactory adjustment prior to preparation of shop drawings.
The programme and progress of Principal Contractor will largely dictate the programme and order
of work to be followed by the mechanical Subcontractor. The mechanical Subcontractor is
therefore required to collaborate closely with the Principal Contractor and other subcontractors and
in many instances will have to subordinate his preferred order of work or programme to suit the
requirements of the Principal Contractor and the contract as a whole.
4.047.02
SUPERVISION
In addition to the requirements of the Conditions of Tender and Conditions of Subcontract the SubContractor shall supply the services of an experienced and competent Contract Supervisor to be in
constant charge of work at site.
4.047.03
HANDLING OF EQUIPMENT
Investigate each space through which equipment must be moved or handled. Where necessary,
equipment shall be transported from manufacturer in crated sections of size suitable for moving
through restricted spaces available.
4.047.04
TEMPORARY USE OF EQUIPMENT
No equipment intended for permanent installation shall be operated for temporary purposes
without the written permission of, and in complete agreement with stipulations as set for by the
Architect and/or Engineer.
4.047.05
STORAGE OF MATERIALS
In addition to the requirements of the Conditions of Tender and Conditions of Subcontract the
following shall apply:
Materials permitted to be stored within building shall be safely stacked and shall not overload floor
construction beyond the legal permissible floor loading.
Combustible materials shall not be stored on premises longer than minimum period necessary for
execution of work. Provide fire protective measures as directed by Principal Agent and/or Principal
Contractor.
4.047.06
HANDOVER INSPECTIONS
The Sub-Contractor must allow for reasonable assistance to the Engineer during the following
inspections:
The installation will be inspected by the Engineer on a regular basis during the course of the
Contract to ensure compliance with this specification. A written record will be kept of all defects
noted.
The Sub-Contractor shall provide a competent person to accompany the Engineer or his
representative during inspections. This person shall know the installation, shall be in a position to
accept and carry out instructions and shall take notes during the inspections so that the remedial
work can commence immediately and is not held up while waiting for the inspection certificate.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-9
WSP SA Standard Specification
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
On completion of the sub-contract works, final physical inspections will be carried out as
commissioning proceeds. Any deviation from specification or below standard workmanship is to be
rectified to the satisfaction of the Engineer by the Sub-Contractor, prior to requesting a Certificate
of Partial Completion.
The Sub-Contractor must replace any portion of the installation that does not meet with the
requirements of this Specification as may be imposed thereon by test or inspection. Such
replacements shall be done at his own cost.
A Certificate of Partial Completion will be issued when the sub-contract works are to all intents and
purposes complete, commissioned and available for beneficial use by the Owner. (The date of this
Certificate will determine the commencement of the guarantee period).
A Certificate of Final Completion will only be issued when all defects listed at the time of partial
completion have been complied with. The issue of this Certificate will coincide with certification of
payment of the full contract sum (excluding retention).
The Sub-Contractor must ensure that the installation is correct, complete and to specification
before calling for acceptance inspections.
Recording charts of all tests by the Sub-Contractor must be submitted to the Engineer before
applying for acceptance inspections.
The cost of any abortive inspections, where the Engineer is called to site, but finds the SubContractor ill-prepared for it, may be deducted from the Contract Price by Variation Order.
The Engineer can request that any part of the system of the complete system be retested,
recorded and measured as part of the acceptance inspections if there exists reasonable doubt
about the accuracy of the test.
4.047.07
GUARANTEE
The Subcontractor shall guarantee the material, apparatus and workmanship delivered by him for
a period of twelve months. The guarantee must be valid for a period starting on the date when the
Subcontract is accepted by the Engineer as complete and in working condition as defined in clause
4.047.06. The complete installation must be guaranteed against defects as a result of patent and
latent defects of the design and apparatus, (save design defects made or specified by the
Engineer), as well as against faulty materials and workmanship. The guarantee must provide that
all parts, spares and appurtenances that become defective during the guarantee period be
replaced free of charge.
The costs of labour and transportation required to replace such part of a defective installation shall
be borne by the Subcontractor and shall be included in his guarantee. The Subcontractor shall
cede to the Employer the remainder of any equipment guarantee which he has received from his
suppliers which extend beyond the period of twelve months mentioned herein.
In the event of the project being phased, guarantee on installation and equipment shall commence
on the date on which it is put into operation for beneficial use to the satisfaction of the Engineer.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-10
WSP SA Standard Specification
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
4.071
TESTING AND COMMISSIONING OF MECHANICAL INSTALLATIONS
4.071.01
GENERAL
The Sub-Contractor shall test, balance and commission the installation as required to achieve
specified performance and efficient operation of the system and record all details of measurements
taken. A responsible Commissioning Engineer employed by the Sub-Contractor shall be present to
supervise the operation and adjustment of the equipment during the entire commissioning stage.
The Sub-Contractor shall carry out all of the above before requesting acceptance and witnessing of
performance by the Engineer. Commissioning data shall be fully tabulated in conjunction with the
design data and submitted to the Engineer prior to the inspection being carried out by the
Engineer.
Commissioning of equipment and systems shall not be undertaken if damage to the equipment,
systems or the building could result due to incomplete and incorrect installation work.
Commissioning procedures as stipulated by the suppliers of equipment shall be strictly adhered to.
The commissioning of equipment such as refrigeration machines, boilers, air compressors, etc.,
shall be undertaken by the suppliers under the supervision of the Sub-Contractor
Calibrated instrumentation required to measure flows, pressures, temperatures, etc., shall be
provided by the Sub-Contractor.
The entire control system shall be adjusted and commissioned by the control system specialist
contractors, where applicable.
All safety protection systems shall be fully commissioned and set points properly checked out and
adjusted, before equipment shall be allowed to run for commissioning purposes.
4.071.02
PRESSURE TESTS
4.071.02.1
Refrigerant Piping
The vacuum test shall follow the pressure test. Charging of the equipment with refrigerant shall
follow the vacuum test. After charging and prior to capacity tests, joints in refrigerant piping and
apparatus shall be checked with a leak detector. If leaks are found, the system shall be pumped
down and the leaks corrected. The test must be witnessed by the Engineer.
4.071.02.2
Compressed Air Piping
Compressed air piping (except low pressure control piping) shall be tested at not less than 1 000
kPA. This pressure shall be maintained for one hour without pumping. A correction of the final
pressure of not more than 12,5 kPA for each 3C change in average ambient temperature during
the test will be permitted. Leaks shall be corrected as specified for water piping. The test must be
witnessed by the Engineer.
Low pressure control air piping shall be tested with 200 kPA air pressure. This pressure shall be
maintained for one hour without pumping, during which time the pressure shall not drop more than
7 kPA. A correction of the final pressure of not more than 3,5 kPA for each 3C change in average
temperature during the test will be permitted. Leaks shall be corrected by remaking the joints.
Caulking will not be permitted. The test must be witnessed by the Engineer.
4.071.02.3
Water Piping
Water piping shall be tested with water pressure of not less than 1,5 times the maximum working
pressure. Care shall be taken to avoid putting excessive pressures on mechanical seals, safety
devices, etc. The system shall be filled and all air vented at least 24 hours before the actual test
pressure is applied. Test pressure shall be applied when water and average ambient temperatures
are approximately equal and constant. The pressure shall be maintained for not less than twelve
hours without appreciable drop after the test pump has been disconnected. Leaks in screwed
fittings shall be corrected by remaking the joints. Leaks in welded joints shall be cut out and
rewelded. Caulking of leaks will not be permitted. The test must be witnessed by the Engineer.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-11
WSP SA Standard Specification
4.071.02.4
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
Air Ducts
All medium and high pressure air ducts shall be tested in accordance with SMACNA ("High
Velocity Duct Construction Standards").
The Sub-Contractor shall include for blank-off plates to isolate the main supply duct system from
the branch ducts for test purposes. The complete main supply duct systems shall be tested.
The Sub-Contractor shall provide the required test fan and approved instrumentation and the tests
shall be witnessed by the Engineer.
The first completed branch duct from the main supply duct to the supply air diffusers shall be
pressure tested while witnessed by the Engineer. The Sub-Contractor shall allow for the closing off
of spigots.
Ducts classified as "low pressure ducts" shall be smoke tested and only be visually inspected by
the Engineer.
4.071.03
AIR HANDLING SYSTEMS
Air duct systems shall be adjusted and balanced so that air quantities at outlets are as specified,
uniform over the face of each outlet, and the distribution is free from drafts.
Air quantities specified for fans include for duct leakage of 2,5%. The sum of air quantities of all
outlets would normally be acceptable at a tolerance of ± 5% of that specified for the fans.
The individual outlet air quantities would normally be acceptable at a tolerance of ± 10%, as long
as the total air supplied to that space is within a tolerance of ± 5%.
Airflow quantities shall be measured and cross-checked by an agreed combination of the following
-
Air velocity reading over filter banks or dampers
-
Air velocity reading over coil
-
Pressure differential across fan
-
Main supply air duct pitot tube traverse
-
Air quantities measured with an adaptor fitted over the inlets or outlets
-
Fan power consumption.
Water and airflow quantities shall not be reduced by artificially increasing the system's resistance by more
than 5% of the total system resistance.
4.071.04
WATER CIRCULATING SYSTEMS
Water circulating systems shall be fully commissioned and adjusted to the design flow
requirements, shall be free of air and excessive dirt.
Chilled water, hot water and condenser water systems shall not remain in operation for a period
of more than five days without the water treatment systems being in a proper functioning
condition. Should the Sub-Contractor fail to comply with the above requirement, then the SubContractor shall open up all heat exchange equipment and clean out to the satisfaction of the
Engineer.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-12
WSP SA Standard Specification
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
Water circulating systems shall be adjusted and balanced so that water quantities circulated
through condensers, chillers, coils, cooling towers, boilers, etc., shall be as specified. Tolerances
of - 5% and + 10% would normally be acceptable, depending on the nature of the installation.
Waterflow quantities shall be measured and cross-checked by an agreed combination of the
following:
4.071.05
-
Pressure differential across heat exchangers
-
Pressure differential across Orifice plates
-
Calibrated balancing valves
-
Pressure differential across pump
-
Pump power consumption
PERFORMANCE & CAPACITY TESTS
Where the Engineer is to witness tests, the Sub-Contractor shall ensure that the Engineer
receives reasonable notice that such tests will take place. Tests required to demonstrate specified
capacity and general operating characteristics of all systems and equipment, shall be undertaken
by the Sub-Contractor under the direction of the Engineer at time of final inspection.
Where required by the Engineer, test instruments shall be tested for accuracy by an approved
laboratory or by the manufacturer and certificates showing degree of accuracy shall be made
available.
4.071.06
NOISE TESTING
Should the installation, in the opinion of the Engineer, be excessively noisy, (i.e. exceed the
specified noise levels) acoustic tests shall be carried out by a nominated Acoustic Consultant.
Should the results of the initial acoustic test prove to be unsatisfactory, the Sub-Contractor shall
carry out modification to the equipment so that further tests can be made until the plant complies
with the Specification. The cost of all such further tests and the necessary modifications to the
plant shall be met by the Sub-Contractor.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-13
WSP SA Standard Specification
4.087
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
MAINTENANCE OF MECHANICAL INSTALLATIONS
The Subcontractor shall include in his Tender for the maintenance of the entire installation during
visits at regular monthly intervals, for a period of ONE year after written acceptance of the plant by
the Consulting Engineer and the issuing of a Certificate of Completion.
During such visits the Subcontractor shall perform the following duties, all his work being arranged
during such normal working hours as will not unduly disturb the functions of the occupants of the
areas concerned:
Rev. 2000-07-19
-
Report to an official nominated by the Owners on arriving and again at leaving their
premises on the occasions of each visit. Such person, who has been nominated by the
Owners, shall sign a monthly Service Report prepared by the Subcontractor giving details
of any defects made good, temperature readings taken, etc. A copy of such a Service
Report is to be submitted to the Engineer.
-
Check and clean filters as necessary. Where call for in Part Six of this document, allow for
the replacement of one complete set of filters before the end of the maintenance period.
The spare set is to be handed over before acceptance of the installation, and is to be
installed when the efficiency of the original set has fallen below acceptable levels, or one
month before the expiry of the maintenance work, whichever occurs first.
-
Check all refrigeration systems for leaks, dryness and general performance and rectify
defects.
-
Check the function of each plant item including all automatic controls and safety devices for
correct operation and make good any defect.
-
Check electrical switchgear for dust, arcing or loose connections. Replace any pilot lamp
bulbs which have failed.
-
Clean and inspect the system generally and lubricate all rotating equipment requiring such
service.
-
Make good any defects as required in terms of the guarantee given for the plant in terms of
the specification.
-
Check operating of water treatment systems, take samples for testing by water treatment
system supplier, check level of chemicals, adjust dosage as necessary. Check bleed off
rates and operation.
-
Attend to any complaints made, with respect to the relevant mechanical plant, by the
authorized person mentioned in the foregoing. The Sub-Contractor will not be obliged to
act on the complaints or requests of any other person.
-
Check wet and dry bulb temperatures in the conditioned spaces in at least four different
locations, by means of a reliable sling psychrometer and record such readings in the
Service Report previously mentioned herein.
4.012-14
WSP SA Standard Specification
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
4.097
OPERATING & MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS FOR MECHANICAL
4.097.01
MANUALS
INSTALLATIONS
A Condition of the final acceptance of the works will be the provision of three copies of an
approved comprehensive Maintenance and Operating Instruction Manual.
Each copy of the manual is to include the following:
-
A general description of the system and it's operation.
-
Details of the method of operation of the plant and controls.
-
An equipment and controls list giving the following:
Description
Quantity
Make
Model Number
Location
4.097.02
-
A schedule of the servicing to be done on each item of equipment and controls and the
frequency.
-
A log sheet giving the design parameters and provisions for the logging of these
parameters by the plant operator.
-
Description of automatic control system, accompanied by control schematics (where
necessary).
-
Step-by-step instructions for starting/stopping each item of equipment.
-
A record of relevant readings taken during final commissioning and hand-over tests.
-
"As-built" drawings, wiring diagrams, piping schematics.
OWNER INSTRUCTION
The Subcontractor, in addition to the operating and maintenance manuals, shall give detailed
explanation of and instructions to the Owner on the operation of the complete installation, as finally
commissioned and handed over.
The Subcontractor shall operate the whole plant for a period of five consecutive full working days
after the plant is handed over.
During this period, the Subcontractor shall instruct the Owner in the operation of the plant.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-15
WSP SA Standard Specification
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
4.101
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR CONDUIT INSTALLATION
4.101.01
GENERAL
All accessories such as boxes for socket-outlets, switches, lights, etc, shall be accurately
positioned. It is the responsibility of the Contractor to ensure that all accessories are installed level
and square at the correct height from the floor, ceiling or roof level as specified. It shall be the
responsibility of the Contractor to determine the correct final floor, ceiling and roof levels in
conjunction with the main Contractor. Draw-boxes shall not be installed in positions where they will
be inaccessible after completion of the installation. Draw-boxes shall be installed in inconspicuous
positions to the approval of the Engineer and shall be indicated on the "as built" drawings.
Galvanized steel draw-wires shall be installed in all unwired conduit, e.g. conduits for future
extensions, telephone installations and other services.
A maximum of two 90 bends or the equivalent displacement will be allowed between outlets
and/or boxes. Draw-boxes shall be installed at maximum intervals of 15m in straight runs. All
bends shall be made without heating the conduit or without reducing the diameter of the conduit.
The inside radius of a bend shall not be less than three times the outside diameter of the conduit.
Where more than one socket-outlet is connected to the same circuit, the conduit shall be looped
from one outlet box to the following on the same circuit. Where a metal channel is used, the
conduit may be installed from the channel directly to the outlet box on condition that the conductors
can be looped from one outlet to the next without making any joints in the wires.
Where the conduit end is used to support luminaires, a ball-and-socket type lid shall be fitted to the
pendant box in all cases where the conduit is longer than 500mm. In all other cases a dome lid
may be used. Where luminaires are specified which are fixed directly to the pendant box, the
pendant box shall be fixed independently of the conduit installation except where the pendant box
is cast into concrete.
The edges of the flush mounted outlet boxes shall not be deeper than 10mm from the final surface.
Spacer springs shall be used under screws where necessary.
All excess holes in draw-boxes or other conduit accessories shall be securely blanked off by
means of brass plugs to render the installation vermin proof.
Care shall be taken to prevent debris or moisture from entering conduits during and after
installation. Conduit ends shall be sealed by means of a solid plug which shall be screwed to the
conduit end. Conduits shall be cleaned and swabbed to remove oil, moisture or other debris that
may be present before conductors are installed. Swabs shall not be attached to the conductors.
Each length of conduit shall be inspected for defects and all burrs shall be removed. All conduits
that are split, dented or otherwise damaged or any conduits with sharp internal edges shall be
removed from site. The Contractor shall ensure that conduits are not blocked.
To ensure that all electrical conductors are easily withdrawable from conduits and to ensure that
there are no joints in the conductors, the Engineer will have the right to have the conductors of any
circuit removed at his discretion. If the conductors are found to be in a satisfactory condition after
having been withdrawn, the Employer shall bear the cost of withdrawing and re-installing such
conductors. If the conductors are found to have been damaged during installation or removal or if
joints are found, they shall be replaced and the cost shall be borne by the Contractor.
4.101.02
INSTALLATION IN CONCRETE
In order not to delay building operations, the Contractor shall ensure that all conduits and
accessories which are to be cased in concrete are placed in position in good time. The Contractor
or his representative shall be in attendance when the concrete is cast.
Draw-boxes, expansion joints and round ceiling boxes shall be installed where required and shall
be neatly finished to match the finished slab and wall surfaces. Ceiling draw-boxes shall be of the
deep type. In hollow tile slabs, rear-entry draw-boxes shall be used. In columns where flush
mounted draw-boxes are installed, the conduits shall be offset from the surface of the column
immediately after leaving the draw-box.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-16
WSP SA Standard Specification
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
Elbows for conduits of 32mm diameter and smaller and sharp bends will not be allowed in concrete
slabs.
Draw boxes and/or inspection boxes shall, where possible, be grouped together under a common
approved cover plate. The cover plate shall be secured by means of screws.
All conduits shall be installed as close as possible to the neutral axis of concrete beams, slabs and
columns. The conduits shall be rigidly secured to the reinforcing to prevent movement towards the
surface of the concrete.
All conduits, draw-boxes etc., shall be securely fixed to the shuttering to prevent displacement
when concrete is cast. Draw-boxes and outlet boxes shall preferable be secured by means of a
bolt and nut installed from the back of the box through the shuttering. Fixing lugs may also be used
to screw the boxes to the shuttering. Wire will not be accepted for securing boxes to the shuttering
where off-shutter finishes are required. Where fibreglass shuttering is used by the Main Contractor,
the equipment shall be fixed to the steel only and no holes shall be drilled or made in shuttering. All
draw-boxes and outlet boxes shall be plugged with wet paper before they are secured to the
shuttering.
Conduits will not be allowed in concrete floor slabs of boiler rooms (or boiler houses), laundries or
other damp areas. All socket-outlets and three phase outlets in damp areas shall be supplied from
above with galvanized conduit and accessories.
As far as possible, conduits shall not be installed across expansion joints. Where this is
unavoidable a conduit expansion joint shall be provided.
The installation of conduits in floor screeds shall be kept to a minimum. Where conduits are
installed in screeds, the top of the conduit shall be at least 20mm below the surface of the screed.
Where the screed is laid directly on the ground, galvanized conduits shall be used. This ruling will
always be applicable to the lowest floor or a building. A minimum distance of twice the outside
diameter of the conduit shall be left free between the adjoining conduits.
Conduits shall be secured to the concrete slab at intervals not exceeding 2,0m. The Contractor
shall ensure that conduits are not visible above the screed where the conduits leave the screed.
All draw-boxes, conduits, etc., which are installed in concrete shall be cleaned with compressed air
and provided with draw-wires two days after removal of the shuttering. Errors that occurred during
the installation of the conduits, or any lost draw-boxes, or blocked conduits shall be immediately
reported to the Engineer by telephone and confirmed in writing in order that an alternative route
can be planned and approved by the Engineer before the additional concrete is cast. Any
additional cost shall be to the Contractor's account.
4.101.03
SURFACE INSTALLATIONS AND INSTALLATIONS IN ROOF SPACES
All conduits shall be installed horizontally or vertically as determined by the route and the
Contractor shall take all measures to ensure a neat installation. Where conduits are to be installed
directly alongside door frames, beams, etc. that are not true, conduits shall be installed parallel to
the frames, beams, etc.
Conduits shall be firmly secured by means of saddles and screws and in accordance with the
relevant South African National Standards (SANS) Code of Practice, paragraph 5.C.2.(b). Where
saddles are used to secure vertical lengths of conduit connected to surface mounted switch boxes
or socket-outlet boxes, the saddles shall be spaced so that the intervals between the box and the
first saddle, between any two successive saddles and between the last saddle and the ceiling or
roof are equidistant. Conduits shall be secured within 150mm before and after each 90 bend.
Joints will only be allowed in surface conduit lengths exceeding 3,5m. Threads shall not be visible
at joints of completed installations, except where running joints are used. Running joints will be
allowed only when absolutely necessary. All running joints shall be provided with locknuts and shall
be painted with red lead immediately after installation.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-17
WSP SA Standard Specification
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
Inspection bends or tee pieces shall not be used. Non-inspection type bends may be used in the
case of 32mm or 50mm diameter conduits. All draw-boxes supporting luminaires or other
equipment shall be fixed independently of the conduit installation.
Where an offset is required at conduit terminations or cross-overs, the conduit shall be saddled at
the offset.
Conduit routes shall be carefully planned to avoid cross-overs. Where a cross-over is inevitable,
one conduit only shall be offset to cross the other. Cross-overs shall be as short as possible and
shall be uniform. Alternatively, cross-overs shall be installed in purpose-made boxes. This method
shall be employed on face brick walls and in other circumstances where required by the Engineer.
Parallel conduit runs shall be equidistant and saddles shall be installed in line. Alternatively, a
special clamp can be used to secure all conduits in unison. In the case of conduits of different
diameters, the latter method shall only be used if a purpose-made clamp designed to
accommodate the various conduit sizes, is provided.
All surface mounted conduits and accessories shall be painted with a high quality enamel paint or
as otherwise specified. The colour shall comply with the colour code specified for the installation or
where no code has been specified, shall match the colour of the surrounding finishes.
In open roof spaces (no ceiling) conduits shall run along the wall plates and the rafters. The
installation of conduits suspended between the rafters is not acceptable.
Conduits in roof spaces shall be installed parallel or at right angles to the roof members and shall
be secured at intervals not exceeding 1,5m by means of saddles screwed to the roof timbers.
Nails or crampets will not be allowed.
Under flat roofs in false ceilings or where there is less than 900mm clearance, or in instances
where the ceilings are insulated with glass, wool or other insulating materials impeding access, the
conduits shall be installed in such a manner as to allow for all wiring to be executed from below the
ceilings.
Conduit runs from distribution boards shall terminate in fabricated sheet steel draw-boxes installed
directly above or in close proximity to the boards.
Spare conduits covering the total number of spare ways of switchboards, shall be provided
between the boards and the roof trays.
Only approved plugging materials such as fibre plugs or plastic plugs, etc., and round-head screws
shall be used when fixing saddles, switches, plugs, etc., to walls. Wood plugs are not acceptable
nor should plugs be installed in joints in brick walls.
4.101.04
FUTURE EXTENSIONS
Conduits intended for future switches and socket-outlets, shall terminate 40mm above the tie
beams in roof spaces with more than 900mm free space. The conduit ends shall be threaded and
fitted with a coupling and brass plug.
Conduit ends shall protrude 150mm from the concrete to facilitate the installation of future
extensions above, below or to the side of the concrete slabs. All these conduits shall be connected
to a draw-box which is cast into the concrete within 2m of the end of the concrete. Conduit ends
shall be threaded and fitted with a coupling and brass plug. In cases where holes cannot be drilled
through the shuttering to accommodate the conduit end, a deep draw-box with rear entry may be
placed over the conduit end.
Unused boxes for switches and socket-outlets shall be covered with metal cover plates. Unused
boxes for luminaires shall be covered with round galvanized metal cover plates which fit tightly
against the finished surface. The cover plate shall overlap the outlet box to mask damaged edges
of the structure.
Galvanized conduit shall be installed at all free ends intended for future extensions. The conduit
shall be treated with a paint which will prevent corrosion and white rust.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-18
WSP SA Standard Specification
4.101.05
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
EXPANSION JOINTS
Where conduits cross expansion joints in the structure, approved draw-boxes which provide a
flexible connection in the conduit installation shall be installed.
The draw-box shall be installed adjacent to the expansion joint of the structure and a conduit
sleeve, one size larger than that specified for the circuit, shall be provided on the side of the drawbox nearest the joint. The one end of the sleeve shall terminate at the edge of the joint and the
other shall be secured to the draw-box.
The circuit conduit passing through the sleeve shall be terminated 40mm inside the draw-box and
in the case of metallic conduit, the conduit end shall be fitted with a brass bush. The gap between
the sleeve and the conduit at the joint shall be sealed with "Pratley Tic-Tac" or equal sealing
compound, to prevent the ingress of wet cement. In the case of metallic conduit, an earth clip shall
be fitted to the conduit projection inside the draw-box and the conduit bonded to the box by means
of 2,5mm² bare copper earth wire and a brass bolt and nut.
The end of the other circuit conduit shall be secured to the draw-box by means of locknuts and a
brass bush in the case of screwed metallic conduit or a standard bushed adaptor for other conduit
types.
In addition to an earth wire which may be specified for the circuit, a 2,5mm² bare copper wire shall
be provided between the first conduit box on either side of the joint in the case of metallic conduit.
The conduit boxes shall be drilled and tapped and the earth wire shall be bonded to the boxes by
means of lugs and brass screws.
Suitable steel cover plates shall be screwed to draw-boxes installed along the expansion joint. The
cover plates shall be installed before the ceilings are painted.
Where a number of conduits are installed in parallel they shall cross the expansion joint of the
structure via a single draw-box. A number of draw-boxes adjacent to each other will not be allowed.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-19
WSP SA Standard Specification
4.105
FIXING MATERIALS
4.105.01
GENERAL
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
It is the responsibility of the Contractor to position and securely fix conduits, ducts, cables and
cable channels, switchboards, fittings and all other equipment or accessories as required for the
Installation. The Contractor shall provide and fix all supports, clamps, brackets, hangers and other
fixing materials. Clamps and brackets used to fix or support equipment such as cable trays, ducts,
etc. shall be of a purpose-made type suitable for the specific application.
4.105.02
FINISHING
Supporting steelwork, brackets, rods, clamps, etc. shall be galvanized in accordance with the
requirements the South African National Standards (SANS) Code of Practice. Where unavailable,
unpainted supporting steelwork installed by the Contractor shall be wirebrushed and given one
coat of rust-resisting prime, followed by one coat of high quality enamel paint before any other
equipment is fixed.
4.105.03
STRUCTURAL STEEL
Supports, brackets, hangers, etc. may only be welded to structural steel members were prior
permission of the Structural Engineer and/or Principal Contractor has been obtained. Where
welding has taken place the Contractor shall make good the corrosion protection coatings by
approved local treatment of the welded areas.
"CADDY" or similar fasteners may be used as an acceptable alternative to fix equipment to
structural steel members.
4.105.04
SCREWS AND BOLTS
Where holes exist in equipment to be fixed, bolts and fixing screws as specified shall be used.
Where sizes are not specified, the largest bolt or screw that will fit into the hole shall be used.
4.105.05
WALL PLUGS
Where the fixing holes in brick or concrete walls are smaller than 10mm diameter and where the
mass of the equipment is less than 10kg, wall plugs may be used to fix conduits, cables and other
equipment. Fibre or plastic plugs shall be used. Wooden plugs are not acceptable. Aluminium
plugs may be used in face bricks. Plugs installed in joints between bricks are not acceptable. A
masonry drill of the correct size shall be used to drill holes for plugs. Roundheaded screws of the
correct diameter to match the specific plug shall be used throughout.
4.105.06
ANCHOR BOLTS
Where the fixing holes are 10mm and larger or where the mass of the equipment is greater than
10kg, equipment shall be fixed by means of expanding anchor bolts or by means of bolts cast into
the concrete or built into walls. Expensive fixings are not suitable for use in certain structural
members and in positions close to the edge of the structure.
It is the Contractor's responsibility to obtain permission from the Structural Engineer and/or the
Principal Contractor prior to the use of this type of fixing.
4.105.07
GALVANIZED EQUIPMENT
Brass screws, bolts and nuts shall be used to fix galvanized equipment.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-20
WSP SA Standard Specification
4.105.08
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
SHOT-FIRED FIXING
Materials such as metal cable ducts or channels may be fixed against walls and concrete slabs by
means of shot-fired fixings provided that this means of fixing is acceptable to the Structural
Engineer and /or the Principal Contractor responsible for the structure.
It shall be the Contractor's responsibility to ascertain whether this method of fixing will carry the
weight of the material including conductors, cables and other items of equipment to be installed
later. Should it be found that the method of fixing is inadequate and supports tend to loosen, the
Contractor will be required to fix the material by an alternative method to the satisfaction of the
Department.
Where the shot-fired method is used, warning signs shall be placed at all entrances leading to the
area where this work is in progress. The Contractor shall take all reasonable precautions to
prevent accidents and shall at all times adhere to the requirements of the Manpower and
Occupational Safety Act.
Nails and explosive charges recommended by the manufacturer shall be used throughout.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-21
WSP SA Standard Specification
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
4.113
METALLIC CONDUIT - STANDARD INSTALLATIONS
4.113.01
MATERIAL
All conduits shall be screwed heavy gauge solid drawn steel in conformity with the South African
National Standards (SANS) Code of Practice or as amended.
No conduit having a diameter of less than 20mm shall be used. Otherwise the size of all conduits
shall conform to Table 4 of the Code of Practice for the number and size of conductors to be
accommodated.
4.113.02
ROUTING
Conduits shall be fixed to the surface of walls and ceilings or concealed as specified on the
drawings. The Contractor shall agree all conduit runs with the Engineer where these are not clearly
defined on working drawings. For surface work conduits shall be securely fixed to walls and
ceilings at intervals not exceeding 2000mm by means of single or multiple distance saddles to give
not less than 6mm clearance between conduit and wall. No solid conduit shall pass through
expansion joints. At these positions watertight flexible tubing shall be used between adaptable
boxes with all necessary earth bonding.
The conduit system shall be carefully planned and erected to avoid all unnecessary bends, crossovers or changes in direction. Conduits shall be laid in straight horizontal and vertical lines with
easy sets. Where several conduits follow similar routes, they shall be neatly grouped in multiple
runs. Particular attention shall be paid to surface conduit runs to ensure that the appearance and
running of the conduit system harmonizes with architectural features of the building. Where
multiple runs change direction the radii of the sets shall be laid out from a common centre. Where
draw-in boxes or right-angle changes of direction are required in multiple runs, adaptable boxes
shall be used.
4.113.03
FIXING
All conduit fixings and accessories shall be secured by means of Rawlplugs or as specified. Where
permission of the Structural Engineer has been obtained in writing, M6-threaded Hilti-type
explosive fixings may be used complete with purpose-made female-threaded conduit saddles.
Great care shall be exercised when pulling cables into conduits to ensure that no crossed cables
are allowed to enter the conduits. At all draw-boxes, sufficient cable shall be left to allow an easy
sweep from one conduit entrance to another. All cables shall be drawn in after the erection of the
complete conduit system. Draw wires, tapes or cables shall not be threaded in at the time that the
conduits are installed.
Cables of a.c. circuits installed in a conduit system shall always be so bunched that the cables of
all phases and the neutral conductor (if any) are contained in the same conduit.
Where conduits are required to pass in or out of ducts or from the inside to the outside of the
buildings, free circulation of air between the conduit systems of each section shall be prevented by
the insertion of a conduit box in an approved position, such box to be filled with a non-setting
plastic compound after the cables have been drawn in.
Conduit shall be mechanically and electrically continuous, tightly screwed between the various
lengths so that they butt at the socket joints and against the shoulder provided in the conduit
boxes. The end of conduit shall be smooth, free from burrs and other defects. The conduit shall be
screwed just sufficiently for a joint to be made in this manner without exposing the threads. Open
ends shall be fitted with a socket and hexagon brass male bush.
Enamel or rust shall be removed from threads when installing conduit and after the joint has been
made it shall be sealed externally by means of a protective compound.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-22
WSP SA Standard Specification
4.113.04
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
ACCESSORIES
Manufactured bends, elbows and tees shall not be installed except in certain cases with the
approval of the Engineer. Bends or sets shall be made cold without alteration to the section. The
inner radius of bends shall not be less than two and a half times the outside diameter of the
conduit or four times the diameter of the largest cable within the conduit.
Where conduit drops to lighting fittings exceeds 300mm the conduit shall be fitted with a dome
cover having a ball and socket joint and shall be complete with earth bonding connection.
Conduit boxes or other fittings shall be fixed to steelwork with metal clips of adequate section.
Details of fixing shall be agreed with the Engineer before commencement of work. All conduit
boxes to which fittings and wall brackets are attached shall be fixed by substantial metric cheese
head screws so that the weight of the fittings is not taken by the conduit.
Conduit accessories shall comply in all respects with the South African National Standards Code of
Practice. Boxes for 20mm and 25mm conduit shall be of the circular pattern, above this they shall
be of the oblong patter and shall be malleable cast iron or galvanized as specified.
A standard draw-in box or inspection fitting, shall be included in every three lengths of conduit,
which shall not contain more than two right angle bends or the equivalent; where conduits are laid
in roof or floor screeds "loop in" boxes shall be finished flush with the ceiling or floor, as the case
may be.
4.113.05
CABLING OF CONDUITS
Cables shall not be drawn in for any circuit until the conduits of the particular circuit is complete.
Conduit runs shall not be dismantled for wiring.
The conduit system is to be completed and tested for continuity to the satisfaction of the Engineer
before cables are drawn in. The resistance measured throughout must not exceed 0,5 ohm or 50%
of the conductivity of the largest conductor routed through the conduit, whichever is the lesser
value.
4.113.06
WEATHERPROOF AND BURIED INSTALLATIONS
Conduits buried in cement plaster shall be galvanized. During erection of galvanized conduit, all
threads shall be painted with an approved metallic paint to prevent rusting of exposed threads.
Vise marks or other defects shall be similarly treated.
Conduits and fittings, for weatherproof installations or when specified on drawings, shall be welded,
galvanized with weatherproof heavy pattern drawn-in screwed and adaptable boxes with fixing
lugs. Distance saddles shall be used to space the conduits 6mm from surface to which they are
fixed.
Conduits and cables are to be installed in vertical and horizontal runs. Diagonal runs of conduit or
cable will not be permitted in any part of the installation.
Conduits shall be further treated with two coats of bitumen paint after installation.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-23
WSP SA Standard Specification
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
4.114
PLASTIC CONDUIT – STANDARD INSTALLATION
4.114.1
MATERIAL
All conduits shall be to the South African National Standards (SANS) Code of Practice.
No conduit having a diameter of less than 20 mm shall be used. Otherwise the size of all conduits
shall conform to Table 4 of the Code of Practice for number and size of conductors to be
accommodated.
4.114.02
ROUTING
Conduits shall be fixed to the surface of walls and ceiling or concealed as specified on the
drawings. The contractor shall agree all conduit runs with the Engineer where these are not clearly
defined on working drawings. For surface work conduits shall be securely fixed to walls and
ceilings at intervals not exceeding 1 500 mm by means of single of multiple distance saddles to
give not less than 6 mm clearance between conduit and wall. No solid conduit shall pass through
expansion joints. At these positions watertight flexible tubing shall be used between adaptable
boxes.
The conduit system shall be carefully planned and erected to avoid all unnecessary bends, crossovers or changes in direction. Conduits shall be laid in straight horizontal and vertical lines with
easy sets. Where several conduits follow similar routes, they shall be neatly grouped in multiple
runs. Particular attention shall be paid to surface conduit runs to ensure that the appearance and
running of the conduit system harmonises with the architectural features of the building. Where
multiple runs change direction the radio of sets shall be laid out from a common centre. Where
draw-in boxes or right-angle changes of direction are required in multiple runs, adaptable boxes
shall be used.
4.114.03
FIXING
All conduit fixings and accessories shall be secured by means of Rawlplugs or as specified.
Where permission of the Structural Engineer has been obtained in writing, M6-threaded Hilti-type
explosive fixings may be used complete with purpose-made female-threaded conduit saddles.
Great care shall be exercised when pulling cables into conduits to ensure that no crossed cables
are allowed to enter the conduits. At all draw-boxes, sufficient cable shall be left to allow an easy
sweep from one conduit entrance to another. All cables shall be drawn in after the erection of the
complete conduit system. Draw wires, tapes or cables shall not be threaded in at the time that the
conduits are installed.
Cables of a.c. circuit installed in a conduit system shall always be so bunched that the cables of all
phases and the neutral conductor (if any) are contained in the same conduit.
Where conduits are required to pass in or out of ducts or from the inside to the outside of the
buildings, free circulation of air between the conduit systems of each section shall be prevented by
the insertion of a conduit box in an approved position, such box to be filled with a non-setting
plastic compound after the cables have been drawn in.
Conduit shall be water tight, mechanically continuous, carefully glued between the various lengths
so that they butt at the socket joints and against the shoulder provided in the conduit boxes. The
end of conduit shall be smooth, free from burrs and other defects. Open ends shall be fitted with
male adapters.
4.114.04
ACCESSORIES
Manufactured bends, elbows and tees shall not be installed except in certain cases with the
approval of the Engineer. Bends or sets shall be made cold using a suitable bending spring to
ensure that there is no alteration to the section. The inner radius of bends shall not be less
than two and a half times the outside diameter of the conduit or four times the diameter of the
largest cable within the conduit.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-24
WSP SA Standard Specification
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
Where conduit drops to lighting fittings exceeds 300 mm the conduits shall be steel and fitted with
a steel dome cover having a ball and socket joint and shall be complete with earth bonding
connection.
Conduit boxes or other fittings shall be fixed to steelwork with metal clips of adequate section.
Details of fixing shall be agreed with the Engineer before commencement of work. All conduit
boxes to which fittings and wall brackets are attached shall be fixed by substantial metric cheese
head screws so that the weight of the fittings is not taken by the conduit.
Conduit accessories shall comply in all respects with the South African National Standards (SANS)
Code of Practice. Boxes for 20 mm and 25 mm conduit shall be of the circular pattern, above this
they shall be of the oblong pattern.
4.114.05
CABLING AND CONDUITS
Cables shall not be drawn in for any circuit until the conduits of the particular circuit is complete.
Conduit runs shall not be dismantled for wiring.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-25
WSP SA Standard Specification
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
4.144
METAL TRUNKING AND ACCESSORIES
4.144.01
GENERAL
Metal trunking shall be of an approved type as agreed by the Engineer or as indicated on the
working drawing. Where scheme layout drawings only are provided by the Engineer, the
Contractor shall submit detail drawings for the approval of the Engineer before putting the work in
hand.
All trunking systems other than underfloor ducting shall be designed with 20% spare capacity and
a space factor of 45% must not be exceeded. All bends, sets, angles, weatherproof to standard
adapters and all accessories shall be purpose-made by the manufacturer of the trunking specified.
4.144.02
SURFACE TRUNKING
Surface type trunking shall not be less than 1,6mm cold rolled mild steel in minimum lengths of 2
400mm, free from twists or distortion. Lids shall be of the same material, minimum thickness
0,6mm and designed for push-fit installation. Trunking and lids shall be galvanized and epoxy
painted.
NOTE: Trunking for computer trunking installations shall be anodized aluminium as noted
elsewhere.
Metal surface-type trunking shall be run in the position shown on the drawings and/or as directed
on site. Horizontal runs shall be laid to fall for drainage and all runs shall be kept 150mm clear and
below steam or hot water services. Trunking shall be supported at intervals not exceeding 1
500mm by approved metal supports which shall, if available, be purpose made by the
Manufacturer of the trunking specified.
All trunking joints must be within 1 000mm of a support or alternatively long sleeved couplings may
be used for spans of up to 6m if approved by the Engineer.
Joints in trunking shall be made in such a way as to ensure the electrical continuity of the whole
installation.
All trunking shall have joints, bends, junction units, etc., bonded. Where trunking houses cables of
carrying current capacity in excess of 200 Amps, a continuous copper bonding strip (not wire) of
the appropriate cross-sectional area shall be provided and bonded to all the joints throughout i.e.
earth conductor not less than half the cross-sectional area of the largest conductor provided that
the earth conductor need not be greater than 70mm² unless specified otherwise. The Contractor is
reminded that the earth electrode to any point in the installation shall not exceed the maximum
specified in the Code of Practice or 0,5 ohm or 50% conductivity of the largest conductor used
whichever has the lessor value. The Contractor shall make tests as work proceeds to ensure that
this value is not exceeded. It is essential that systematic testing shall be carried out when a
concealed trunking system is erected.
The trunking sizes must allow for the expected cables plus the space factors required by the Code
of Practice plus 20% spare capacity.
Where more than two circuits are run in one trunking, the cables in each circuit are to be laced
together with adhesive tape or cord.
Trunking covers through walls, floors or ceilings shall be solidly fixed. The solidly fixed portion shall
project 15mm on either side of walls and 1 500mm on either side of floors or ceilings.
Where trunking passes through floors or walls, a metal sleeve shall be provided to protect the
trunking from mechanical damage. Where trunking passes into, or out of ducts, or from inside to
outside of buildings, free circulation of air between the trunking system of each section must be
prevented. The Contractor shall manufacture from not less than 9,5mm thick "Tufnol" two plates
sized to fit accurately the inside dimensions of trunking and split and formed to accept the cables
passing through this section. These plates shall be placed 75mm apart and secured rigidly to the
trunking with a minimum of four M5 studs tapped into the "Tufnol" plate. This compartment shall
then be filled with a non-setting plastic weatherproof compound.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-26
WSP SA Standard Specification
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
Manufacturer-supplied barriers, designed for a minimum fire retardation rating of four hours, must
be inserted in trunking which penetrates floors and partitions, which themselves are intended to
form fire barriers.
All trunking junction units, etc., shall be securely fixed to walls and ceilings by means of at least two
screws. Generally trunking erected on the surface of walls and ceilings shall be secured at three
points per unit length, one at centre and others 300mm distance from each end.
Where trunking is being used in boiler rooms and external to buildings, it shall be offset from the
walls or ceilings by a minimum of 6mm. This shall be achieved by using 25mm x 6mm galvanized
M.S. as distance pieces the same width as the trunking and fixed to the wall or ceiling with two
screws with nylon sealing washers under the head fore sealing purposes.
Internal cable supports are to be provided so that the removal of covers will not cause
disarrangement of cables.
Trunking exceeding 0,01m² section is to have segregation as approved by the Engineer.
Conduit or mineral-insulated cable entries into trunking shall be effected by use of socket and
smooth bore brass bush. Hardened steel shakeproof washers of the type having multiple splayed
teeth facing inwards, shall be inserted between the internal hexagonal brass bush when pulled up
tightly against the inside of the trunking. Holes in trunking shall be arranged to avoid undue setting
for entering conduits or mineral insulated cables. When trunking houses large current carrying
cables, terminations of trunking to switchgear shall be completed on a non-magnetic plate.
Cables of a.c. circuits installed in trunking system shall always be so bunched that the cables of all
phase and the neutral conductor (if any) are contained in the same trunking.
Where trunking is secured to switchgear and fuseboards, couplings shall be used. Particular
attention shall be given to corners at tees and bends and the fitting of screws to avoid possible
damage to cables.
Trunking shall be kept free from rust by the application of anti-corrosive paint during progress of
and on completion of the works, except where otherwise specified.
All cable trunking and trunking fittings installed external to buildings and covered walkways shall be
galvanized and weatherproof. Covers shall be fitted with 1,5mm thick "Neoprene" gaskets along
the entire length on both sides, and fixed to the trunking by M6 hexagon head cadmium plated
steel bolts 15mm length, located into rivet bushes retained in the out-turned flanges of the trunking
at not more than 225mm centres.
Where trunking terminates in any item of plant which has inherent vibration or movement, or which
will require to be moved, a 500mm length of flexible conduit must be interposed between the
trunking and the item of plant.
Factory manufactured trunking fittings such as bends, tees, etc., are to be supplied. No right angle
bends shall be permitted and all bends shall be made using 45 angle sections.
Painting
All mild steel trunking is to be painted in accordance with the South African National Standards
(SANS) Code of Practice according to the following colour schedule:
3.
1.
Electrical
2.
Instrumentation
Orange
Light Blue
All trunking, irrespective of material, is to be colour coded at intervals
of 3 000mm according to the above schedule using bands of colour 300m wide.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-27
WSP SA Standard Specification
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
4.271
FIXING OF CABLES TO TRAYS OR STRUCTURES
4.271.01
INSTALLATION
Cables may be installed in one of the following ways:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
4.271.02
On horizontal cable trays.
Against vertical cable trays with suitable clamps.
Against horizontal or vertical metal supports or brackets with suitable clamps.
On clamps which are fixed to the structure.
CABLE TIES AND CABLE CLAMPS
Cables may be fixed to the upper side of horizontal cable trays or ladders by means of individual
strapping using approved cable ties.
Cables fixed to long vertical trays or ladders or to the underside of horizontal trays/ladders may
required, at the discretion of the Engineer, suitable metal clamps or drilled hardwood blocks which
will secure cables without damage. Clamps shall consist of adjustable metal wings which clamp to
a metal support, or consist of two halves that are bolted together. The correct clamp size to fit the
cable shall be used. Cables of different sizes may only be fixed by a common clamp when the
clamp is specially made to accommodate the various cables.
4.271.03
SPACING OF SUPPORTS
Two methods of supporting cables are found in practice. The most generally known method is the
restrained installation where the distance between supports is small enough to prevent any
noticeable sag in the cable. The alternative method is the unrestrained installation where the
distance between supports should be great enough to ensure that there will be obvious sag in
each span between supports.
4.271.04
SPACING OF SUPPORTS OF UNRESTRAINED CABLES
Large single core cables shall always be installed according to this method. Generally, single core
cables with conductors exceeding a crossspacings in excess of 2m since the sag between supports will safely accommodate any thermal
expansion.
Reducing the spacing between the supports to 1,5m or less shall be avoided at all costs, as
expansion cannot be taken up by a change of sag and chances of sheath failure become
considerable.
4.271.05
SPACING OF SUPPORTS OF RESTRAINED CABLES
The maximum spacing between cleats (clamps) to which cables are fixed in the horizontal and
vertical cable routes shall be determined from the table below. Additional cleats shall be installed at
each bend or offset in the cable run. The maximum distance between supports or cleats for
multicore control cables shall be 20 times the outside diameter of the cable with a maximum
spacing of 550mm for unarmoured cables and 30 times the outside diameter of the cable with a
maximum spacing of 900mm for armoured cables. Spacing of supports for cables for high voltage
lighting, as defined in the South African National Standards (SANS) Code of Practice, shall be in
accordance with the South African National Standards (SANS) Code of Practice. A minimum of
20mm ventilation clearance shall be maintained between cables and the wall to which they are
cleated.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-28
WSP SA Standard Specification
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
Cable Size
(mm)
1,5
2,5
4
6
10
16
25
35
50 & over
MAXIMUM SPACING OF SUPPORTS (CLEATS) (mm)
Wire Armoured Cables
Others
Horizontal
Vertical
Horizontal
Vertical
450
450
600
600
750
750
900
900
900
750
750
750
750
900
1000
1000
1000
1000
300
300
300
300
400
400
450
450
450
400
400
400
400
450
550
550
550
550
For larger cables the spacing shall be 10 x outside diameter of the cable.
4.271.06
GROUPING AND SPACING OF CABLES IN BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES
Cables shall as a rule be spaced two cable diameters apart, for which no grouping correction factor
need be applied.
Where parallel cable runs are installed at different levels (e.g. on parallel cable trays) and where
the spacing of the layers is not specified, a minimum spacing of 300mm shall be maintained.
Where single core cables are installed along a three-phase circuit, the cables shall be installed in
trefoil formation and bound together at 300mm intervals.
Medium voltage cables shall be separated from other cables and services throughout the
installation and shall as far as possible be installed in separate floor trenches, pipes or metal
channels. Where this is not feasible a minimum spacing of 500mm shall be maintained.
Cables for telephones, communication systems and low voltage systems less than 50 V shall be
separated from power cables. In building ducts a physical barrier shall be provided between power
cables and cables for other services. Where armoured cables are used for such other services,
they shall be installed on separate cable trays or shall otherwise be at least 1m away from power
cables. Where unarmoured cables are used for these other services, they shall be installed on
separate conduits or metal channels.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-29
WSP SA Standard Specification
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
4.700
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS, WORKMANSHIP, MATERIALS & CONT. ADMIN (MECHANICAL
INSTALLATIONS)
4.700.01
GENERAL
The Subcontractor will be required to provide all labour, materials, equipment and services and
perform all operations required for the complete installation of all Heating, Ventilating and Air
Conditioning Work as shown on the relevant drawings and in accordance with all applicable
requirements of the Subcontract Documents.
This specification is of simplified form, and includes incomplete sentences. The omission or words
or phrases shall be implied by inference.
The detailed Installation Specification, Part Six, takes precedence over this part of the Specification
should there be any conflict in description or requirements referred to in both parts.
4.700.02
DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS
Definitions of terms used herein:
Rev. 2000-07-19
"Provide"
To supply, install, connect and hand over complete and
ready for safe and regular operation of particular work
referred to unless specifically indicated otherwise.
"Install"
To erect, mount and connect, complete with all related
accessories.
"Supply"
To purchase, procure, acquire and deliver, complete with all
related accessories.
"Work"
All labour, materials, equipment, apparatus, controls,
accessories and other items required for correct and
complete installation.
"Piping"
Pipe, tube, fittings, flanges, valves, controls, strainers,
hangers, supports, accessories, drains, insulation and all
related items.
"Wiring"
Conduit, fittings, wire, junction and outlet boxes, switches,
cut-outs, socket outlets and all related items.
"Concealed"
Embedded in masonry or other construction, installed in
furred spaces, within double partitions or hung ceilings, in
trenches, in crawl spaces or in enclosed spaces.
"Exposed"
Not installed underground or concealed as defined above.
"Indicated", "Shown"
or "Noted".
As indicated, shown or noted on drawings
and/or specifications.
"Similar" or "Equal"
Of approved manufacture, equal in weight, size, design and
efficiency of performance of the product specified
ormentioned by name.
"Approved", "Satisfactory", "Accepted"
As approved, satisfactory or accepted by
the Architect and/or Consulting Engineer.
"SANS"
South African National Standards.
"BSI"
British Standards Institution
"ASHRAE"
American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air
Conditioning Engineers.
4.012-30
WSP SA Standard Specification
Rev. 2000-07-19
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
"ASME"
American Society for Testing Materials
"ASA"
American Standards Association
"NBS"
National Bureau of Standards (U.S.A.)
"NEMA"
National Electrical Manufacturers Association
4.012-31
WSP SA Standard Specification
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
4.701
DUCTING AND SHEETMETAL WORK
4.701.01
GENERAL
All sheet metal work shall comply with the requirements of these paragraphs.
Ductwork shall be constructed as shown on the attached drawings, and as specified herein.
4.701.02
SHEET METAL DUCTING
The material, construction and dimensions of all steel and aluminium ductwork (together with
fittings and dampers) for use in air conditioning and ventilation systems that operate at low,
medium and high pressures shall be in accordance with the requirements of South African National
Standards SANS.
4.701.03
INSTALLATION, TESTING AND BALANCING
The installation, testing and balancing of all low, medium and high pressure, galvanized steel,
aluminium or stainless steel ductwork, to be used for air conditioning and ventilation systems, shall
be carried out in accordance with the requirements of South African National Standards SANS.
4.701.04
FLEXIBLE DUCTING
Flexible ducting shall be manufactured from aluminium unless otherwise specified and shall be
approved by the Engineer.
Joints shall be made airtight and fastened with clamps as recommended by the manufacturer of
the flexible ducting.
All flexible ducting on supply air systems shall be insulated, unless otherwise indicated.
4.701.05
WATERPROOFING
Where any work pierces waterproofing or external walls, supply all necessary sleeves, caulking
and flashing required to make openings watertight., Waterproofing and flashing details shall be
approved by the Engineer.
4.701.06
DISCREPANCIES
In the event that manufacturing details of any specified ducting are not covered by the relevant
SABS specifications, then the relevant SMACNA standards will be applicable provided that the
thickness of sheet metal will not be less than that specified under South African National
Standards SANS.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-32
WSP SA Standard Specification
4.702
AIR DAMPERS
4.702.01
BALANCING DAMPERS
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
All balancing dampers shall be manually adjustable and shall be so installed as to be accessible at
any time after completion of the work. It shall be the responsibility of the Sub-Contractor to ensure
that adequate access panels are provided wherever the adjusting mechanism is concealed by
suspended ceilings, furring-in, etc.
Balancing dampers installed in ducts where the minimum dimension is in excess of 450mm shall
be of the multiple opposed blade type with individual blades not exceeding 165mm in depth and 1
000mm in length.
Balancing dampers installed in ducts where the minimum dimension does not exceed 450mm may
be of the single blade balanced plate "Butterfly" type. The blades shall be flat and rigid with close
fitting hemmed edges. Damper rods shall not be less than 10mm square and may be either
continuous or short stubs secured to the blade by not less than two bolts or rivets at each end. The
square end of each rod shall be held in a lever type locking device with a central locking nut of
large diameter, or a quadrant and locking screws.
4.702.02
CONTROL DAMPERS
All automatically controlled volume dampers shall be of the multiple opposed blade type with
individual blades not exceeding 165mm in depth and 1 000mm in length. For greater lengths
provide damper in equal sections as required.
Automatically controlled volume dampers shall have blades interconnected externally to the
damper housing by means of cadmium plated steel rods. All linkages are to be fitted with nylon
bushes.
Provision to be provided for fixing either electric or pneumatic actuator to damper frame.
Damper blades shall be of galvanized sheetmetal or aluminium construction, free of rattling and
vibration, with edges crimped or creased for rigidity and provided with neoprene sealing strip over
full length and ends to ensure positive sealing action when closed.
All dampers shall have bolted through rods, not less than 10mm diameter or equivalent square
rods fastened to blade with two or more set screws with steel washers at each end of damper rod.
Damper blades shall have "V" crease in middle to receive damper rod.
All control dampers shall be supplied by an approved manufacturer and approved by the Engineer.
4.702.03
FIRE DAMPERS
Fire dampers shall be manufactured in accordance with SABS 193-1972. Dampers shall be sized
so that the free air space is not less than the connected duct free air space. Location shall be as
shown on drawings and required by local code. Dampers shall have a minimum four hour standard
fire protection rating.
The frame shall be constructed so as to be unaffected by corrosion or high heat. Moving parts shall
have bronze non-corrosive pins. When closed, the dampers shall be held closed by a spring
loaded catch.
Fire dampers shall be arranged to close automatically and remain totally closed upon the action of
an approved fusible link or other heat actuated device, located where readily affected by an
abnormal rise of temperature of the air passing through the damper. Fusible links shall have a
temperature rating of approximately 70C.
Fire dampers shall be installed so as to provide a positive barrier to passage of air when in a
closed position. Dampers shall be so installed as to be self-supporting in case of duct destruction
due to heat. Care must be exercised that the frame be set so that the closing device will not bind.
Suitable access openings shall be provided in ducts, with tightly fitted covers to make fire dampers
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-33
WSP SA Standard Specification
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
accessible for inspection and maintenance.
For systems where the air velocity is less than 12,65 metres per second the fire dampers shall be
of the single bladed type for ducts up to 460mm diameter or 460mm in height. For ducts having a
greater dimension than 460mm diameter or 460mm in height, multi-blade dampers with 25mm
overlaps shall be installed. Damper blades for rectangular ducting shall not exceed 1 220mm in
length. Blade material in all cases shall not be less than 3,0mm steel.
For systems where the air velocity is 12,65 metres per second or higher the fire dampers shall be
of the steel curtain type where the damper blades, in the open position, are outside the air stream.
Damper blades shall not exceed 150mm in width, and have rolled blades interlocking to form full
length hinges upon which the blades will pivot when released. The steel blades shall fold
completely upon themselves and shall be stacked at one end of the damper to allow an
unobstructed opening.
Blades shall be retained by a fusible link set to a temperature rating of approximately 70C. The
damper frame shall be a continuous channel enclosing the blades.
Motorized fire dampers linked to a fire detection system, including remote indication of damper
status, if required, shall be as specified in Part Six of this document.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-34
WSP SA Standard Specification
4.704
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
WELDING, BRAZING AND SOLDERING
This specification covers the gas and arc welding of butt, fillet and socket welds in piping. The
welding may be done by shielded metal-arc welding, gas tungsten-arc welding, gas metal-arc
welding or oxy-acetylene welding process, using a manual, semi-automatic or automatic welding
technique or combination of these techniques. The welds may be produced by position welding or
roll welding or by a combination of position welding and roll welding.
Welding of piping shall be carried out only by qualified artisans. Details of these qualifications shall
be submitted to the Engineer for approval prior to the commencement of work. The Engineer shall
have the right to test any welds in the piping installation during the installation period or before final
acceptance.
The Sub-Contractor shall at his own expense cut out the required welds for testing and also reweld the piping where such test pieces have been removed.
Use the following spacing on all butt welds:
___________________________________________________________________________
Nominal Pipe
Spacing
Bevel
Wall Thickness
___________________________________________________________________________
6mm or less
3mm
37,5 degrees
Over 6mm to 2mm
5mm
37,5 degrees
Over 20mm
5mm
20-degree "V"
___________________________________________________________________________
Before starting any welding, remove all corrosion products and other foreign material from surfaces
to be welded by scraping, brushing, chipping and swabbing as may be required.
Welding Process: Perform welding by either manual shielded metallic arc process, or automatic
submerged arc process. Use direct current exclusively. Electrode used shall conform to British
Standards. All pipe line welding shall conform to South African National Standards, and in
accordance with latest accepted practice applicable to particular service.
Weld metal shall be thoroughly fused with base metal at all sections of weld and penetration of
weld shall include unlevelled portion and extend to inside walls of pipe.
All production welds will be inspected visually by the Engineer and the Sub-Contractor's
supervisory personnel. Any defective weld shall be chipped out for full depth and rewelded.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-35
WSP SA Standard Specification
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
4.711
THERMAL INSULATION
4.711.01
GENERAL
All thermal insulation work shall be executed by specialists in the specific field. Recommendations
of manufacturers regarding application of insulation materials, insulation cladding, adhesives, etc.,
shall be strictly observed. The work shall be executed in a workmanlike manner and the final
surface shall have a neat, smooth and symmetrical finish.
Before the application of thermal insulation, steel surfaces shall be treated and prime coated as
specified elsewhere.
No equipment shall be insulated until tested and approved.
Adhesives, sealants and coatings shall be compatible with the insulation material.
Certified test reports for approval by the Engineer shall be submitted by the Sub-Contractor in
which the following information is given:
a)
The thermal conductivity of insulating materials at operating temperatures.
b)
The surface spread of flame of insulating materials, adhesives and other finishes.
c)
The permeance of vapour barrier systems (chilled water systems).
Surface spread of flame for insulation shall be in accordance with British Standards.
Vapour barrier permeability on chilled water pipes shall be not more than 0,6 grams/m² per 24
hours in accordance with British Standards temperature test.
Insulation, adhesives and finishes shall be resistant to rotting, mould, fungus growth, decay or
attack by vermin.
4.711.02
PIPE INSULATION
4.711.02.1
Chilled Water Pipes - Exposed
All supply and return pipes in plantroom or areas exposed to traffic and possible damage shall be
insulated as follows:
Rev. 2000-07-19
Pipe Insulation
:
Phenolic foam, preformed sections "Megaphen" density
35kg/m³
Pipe Sizes (Nom I.D.)
:
65 80 100 150 200
Insulation Thickness (mm)
:
20 20
Vapour Seal
:
Kohler P foil wrap glued to insulation in accordance
with manufacturers recommendation.
Pipe Fittings
:
Insulated and wrapped as above.
Pipe Supports
:
"Megaphen" HD pipe support sections, vapour sealed
prior to insulation
Cladding
:
Galvanised sheet metal, 0.5mm thick to straight
lengths. Elbows, valves, etc., to be vapour sealed with
"Liquid
Plastic"
(Decadex)
to
manufacturers
recommendations, without cladding.
4.012-36
20
25
25
WSP SA Standard Specification
4.711.02.2
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
Chilled Water Pipes - Concealed
All supply and return pipes in concealed or non-trafficable areas shall be insulated as follows:
4.711.02.3
Pipe Insulation
:
Phenolic foam, preformed sections "Megaphen" density
35kg/m³
Pipe Sizes (Nom I.D.)
:
20 25 32 50 65 80 100 150 200
Insulation Thickness (mm)
:
15 15 20 20 20 20 20 25 25
Vapour Seal
:
Kohler P foil wrap glued to insulation in accordance
with manufacturers recommendation.
Pipe Fittings
:
Insulated and wrapped as above.
Pipe Supports
:
"Megaphen" HD pipe support sections, vapour sealed
prior to insulation
Cladding
:
Not required
Hot Water Pipes - Exposed
All supply and return pipes shall be insulated with plain resin bonded glass fibre insulation with a
³
³
density of 96 kg/m or mineral wool with a density of 160 kg/m with factory applied canvas wrap.
Insulation shall be of the following thickness
Pipes up to 25mm diameter
-
30mm
Pipes up to 150mm diameter
-
40mm
Pipes bigger than 150mm diameter
-
50mm
Insulation shall be clad as for chilled water pipes.
The sheetmetal covering shall be cut to the size of the support at pipe supports or hangers.
4.711.02.4
Hot Water Pipes - Concealed
All supply and return pipes outside plantroom shall be insulated as per clause 4.711.02.3, with the
following exceptions:
Circumferential and longitudinal laps to the canvas shall be adhered with "Foster Ladfas 81-42W"
or equivalent.
A protective coating equivalent to "Foster Sealfas Coating 30-36" or "Decadex Firecheck" shall be
brush applied over the canvas. Coatings shall be applied in accordance with manufacturer's
recommendations.
4.711.03
INSULATION OF VALVES AND FITTINGS
Valves and fittings shall be insulated with an asbestos plastic compound, covered by a 15mm thick
layer of asbestos hard setting compound, trowelled to a neat, smooth and symmetrical finish or
accommodated in a neat sheetmetal cladding to suit the rest of the insulation.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-37
WSP SA Standard Specification
4.711.05
DUCT INSULATION
4.711.05.1
General
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
All supply air ducts shall be either externally or internally insulated with 25mm thick resin bonded
³
³
glass fibre with a density of 75 kg/m or mineral wool having a density of 96 kg/m .
The insulation shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and shall be
adequately fixed to prevent dislodgement from the duct.
Hanger pins for the fastening of internal and external insulation shall comply with requirements as
specified in "Duct Liner Application Standard" (SMACNA) where applicable, with respect to
construction, distance between hanger pins and positioning of hanger pins. Hanger pins shall
preferably be of the electric stud weld type. Welding time shall be sufficient to ensure a firm
adhesion. If the "gripnail" type is used and the hanger pins show evidence of poor fastening during
inspection, the Sub-Contractor may be requested to replace all fastener pins with the electric stud
weld type.
The necessary care and caution shall be exercised when handling internally insulated ducts, so
that the insulation surface will not be damaged. Any such damage shall be repaired to the
satisfaction of the Engineer.
Return air and fresh air ducts shall not be insulated unless otherwise indicated or specified in Part
Six, or where exposed to sunlight or weathering in which case the requirements of clause
4.711.05.5 shall apply.
4.711.05.2
External Insulation to Air Ducts in Plantrooms or Exposed
Ducts shall be externally insulated with resin bonded glass fibre of 25mm thickness and with a
³
density of 75 kg/m . The insulation shall be cut accurately so as to butt closely at all joints and
projections through the insulation. Insulation shall be bonded to the duct surface by "Foster
Safetee Ductfas 81-99" or equivalent.
Inverted and side insulation shall be additionally supported by the use of hanger pins. Where
insulation is cut to provide for duct hangers the insulation shall be sealed for the full thickness with
"Foster Foamseal 30-45" or equivalent. The surface of the insulation shall then be brush coated
with one application of "Foster Sealfas Coating 30-36" at 1,6 m²/1 or "Decadex Firecheck" or
equivalent. A 170g rot-proof canvas shall then be laid into the wet film and smoothed to remove all
air pockets and wrinkles. Canvas laps shall be at least 25mm and shall be adhered by means of
"Foster 30-36" or Decadex Firecheck" or equivalent. The canvas surface shall receive one brush
coating of "Foster Sealfas Coating 30-36" at 1,6 m²/1 or "Dedadex Firecheck" at 1 m²/1 or
equivalent.
4.711.05.3
External Insulation to Ducts Outside Plantrooms or in Concealed Areas
Ducts shall be externally insulated with resin bonded glass fibre of 25mm thickness and density of
³
24 kg/m covered with a factory applied aluminium foil facing. Insulation shall be adhered to the
duct surface by means of "Foster Safetee Ductfas Adhesive 81-99" or equivalent. Inverted and
side insulation shall be additionally supported by the use of hanger pins. All protrusions and cuts
through the insulation shall be sealed for the full insulation thickness by on brush application of
"Foster Foamseal 30-45" or equivalent, to obviate moisture migration at these points. Duct
supports shall not be covered by insulation. Hangers shall be removed when applying external
insulation.
4.711.05.4
Internal Insulation
Internal insulation of ducts, where specified, shall be carried out as follows:
Ducts shall be internally insulated with neoprene faced resin bonded glass fibre of 25mm thickness
³
and density of 75 kg/m . The insulation shall be bonded with Foster Safetee Ductfas Adhesive 8199 or equivalent.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-38
WSP SA Standard Specification
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
Insulation shall be additionally supported with Foster Nylon Clipfas hangers and washers or
equivalent, which shall be bonded to the duct surface at approximately 500mm centres.
All transverse and longitudinal joints to insulation on low and high velocity systems shall abut tightly
and shall be sealed with Foster Lagtone Coating 31-95 or equivalent to obviate flow at these
points.
Free edges of the insulation at terminal points, transverse to the air stream shall be mechanically
fixed to prevent damage or detachment.
Lining damaged in handling shall be repaired before erection of the ducting.
4.711.05.5
Insulation to Ducts Exposed to Sunlight or Weathering
Supply air, return air and fresh air ducting shall be insulated as follows:
Internal insulation; in accordance with clause 4.711.05.4.
External insulation: 25mm thick polystyrene boards, adhered to ducting using a suitable adhesive.
Polystyrene to be covered with fibreglass matt coated with suitable resin and painted with two
coats of enamel, to provide complete waterproof finish.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-39
WSP SA Standard Specification
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
4.712
NOISE AND VIBRATION CONTROL
4.712.01
GENERAL
The noise and vibration generated by equipment shall be isolated from the structure by means of
anti-vibration mountings, spring hangers or flexible pipe connections.
All equipment, piping, etc., shall be mounted on or suspended from approved foundations and
supports, all as specified herein.
Unless otherwise specified, all floor mounted equipment shall be erected on a reinforced concrete
pad, cast into a channel frame. Where vibration isolation between machine and base is used, the
base shall be extended to support the isolating system.
All vibration isolators shall be selected and supplied by the same manufacturer and shall be
approved by the Engineer before installation.
Vibration isolators shall have a guaranteed static deflection as specified and the isolators shall be
installed in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations.
4.712.02
VIBRATION ISOLATION MOUNTINGS
4.712.02.1
Neoprene Mountings
Neoprene mountings shall have a minimum rated static deflection of 10mm. All metal parts shall
be moulded into the neoprene to prevent corrosion and to provide friction, so that the mounting
need not be bolted to the floor.
4.712.02.2
Unrestrained Spring Mountings
This Specification covers three alternatives:
i) is preferred, (or iii) when equipment is mounted on a deep concrete base), being more
economical and efficient than ii). However, iii) shall be used when additional lateral support is
required, to ensure stability during starting and stopping.
i)
Open Spring Mountings
Spring mounting shall be open and free standing, and laterally stable without any housing.
The springs must be isolated from the floor by neoprene friction pads or cups. Mountings
shall have levelling bolts that can be rigidly bolted to the equipment. Spring diameters shall
not be less than 80% of the compressed height of the springs at rated load. Springs shall
have a minimum additional travel to solid equal to 50% of the rated deflection. When the
load per mounting exceeds single spring capacity, springs may be clustered in units of two
or more.
ii)
Housed Spring Mountings
The housing shall consist of cast iron top and bottom elements, separated by neoprene
sponge inserts, to provide lateral support. The mounting shall incorporate a height
adjusting bolt and a friction pad bonded to the bottom element, which must have provision
for bolting down to the floor. Spring diameters shall not be less than 80% of the
compressed height of the spring at rated load. Springs shall have a minimum additional
travel to solid equal to 50% of the rated deflection. When the load per mounting exceeds
single spring capacity, springs may be clustered in units of two or more.
iii)
Open Spring Mountings with Concrete Bases
When equipment is installed on a concrete base (without steel framework) the height of the
base shall be at least 250mm and the base shall be cast on a plastic sheet to facilitate
separation from the floor. Cast iron or fabricated steel housings shall be cast into the base,
so that spring mountings as described in Specification i) can be neatly recessed into the
base. The housing shall have an internal height equal to the height of the mounting and
shall have a means of locating the adjusting bolt of the mounting in the centre of the
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-40
WSP SA Standard Specification
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
housing, so that the mounting can be used to elevate the concrete base.
4.712.02.3
Restrained Spring Mountings
Equipment which has an operating mass different from the installed mass, such as cooling towers,
chillers and boilers and equipment exposed to the wind, shall be mounted on spring mountings as
described for unrestrained spring mountings, but installed in a housing that includes restraining
bolts to prevent extension when the mass is reduced. The housing shall also serve as blocking
during erection so that the installed and operating heights shall be the same. A minimum clearance
of 5mm shall be maintained around the restraining bolts and of 12mm between the housing and
the spring, so as not to interfere with the spring performance. The housing shall be hot dipped
galvanized.
4.712.03
VIBRATION ISOLATION HANGERS
4.712.03.1
Spring Hangers
This Specification covers three alternatives:
i)
This is a basic spring hanger incorporating a low profile spring that ensures that the hanger
rod does not touch the hanger cage. Vibration isolation hangers shall consist of a steel
spring housed in a steel cage. The spring shall fit into a neoprene cup which locates in the
cage. To prevent contact between the cage and lower hanger rod. The cup shall contain a
steel washer to evenly distribute the load on the neoprene. Spring diameters shall not be
less than 80% of the compressed height of the spring at rated load. Springs shall have a
minimum additional travel to solid equal to 50% of the rated deflection. The spring height
and diameter, and the neoprene cup containing the spring, shall be so dimensioned as to
allow the lower hanger rod to swing through a 30 arc before coming into contact with the
cup. When the load exceeds single spring capacity, springs may be clustered in units of
two or more.
ii)
This adds a neoprene element to i) for better efficiency, particularly in eliminating high
frequency noise, and is to be used when superior performance is required. Hangers shall
be as specified in i) above but shall incorporate a neoprene element with a minimum rated
static deflection of 8mm. The element shall locate in the top of the cage in order to prevent
contact between the cage and the upper hanger rod.
iii)
This adds a fixed elevation device to i) and ii), to facilitate installation. It also ensures that
excessive load is not put onto equipment flanges, and is to be used for the three hangers
nearest the inlet and outlet of each item of equipment. Hangers shall be as specified in i) or
ii) above but shall have provision for the spring to be precompressed to the rated deflection
so as to keep the piping or equipment at a fixed elevation during installation. The hangers
shall be provided with a method of releasing any residual pre-compression after the
installation is complete and the hanger is subjected to its full load. Deflection shall be
indicated by means of a scale. Precompressed hangers shall be used at the three support
points nearest the inlet and outlet of each item of equipment.
4.712.04
VIBRATION ISOLATION JOINTS
4.712.04.1
Flexible Rubber Connections
Flexible rubber connectors shall be used in the positions indicated in the drawings, or where
otherwise required, to reduce transmission of vibration or noise from equipment to pipework,
accommodate pipe expansion and contraction, take up minor misalignment and facilitate
connecting up. Where equipment is provided with a shut-off valve, the flexible connector shall be
installed between the equipment and the valve.
Connectors shall be moulded in neoprene rubber with nylon reinforcing. Steel rings or wire
reinforcement shall not be permitted. Only connectors of the spherical or arch type, allowing
movement and misalignment in all planes, shall be used. Rubber hoses are not permitted.
The neoprene body shall be fitted with loose flanges, free to rotate, so as to facilitate lining up.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-41
WSP SA Standard Specification
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
Flange bolts must be fitted with the heads towards the rubber body. Where desirable for space
saving or economy, elbow connectors can be used. For nominal diameters of up to 65mm flexible
connectors with threaded ends, instead of flange, may be used.
Neoprene connectors may be used with single arch construction but where large movement or
misalignment must be accommodated, or where maximum vibration and noise control is required,
double arch connectors are preferred.
Neoprene connectors must be correctly installed in accordance with the manufacturer's directions,
proper account being taken of whether pipe anchors are installed on both sides of the connector,
or whether the piping is unanchored, or whether the piping is connected to equipment, such as
pumps, mounted on spring supports.
In cases where the piping is unanchored and the operating pressure (or test pressure or possible
pressure surges) could over-extend the connector, rods or cables must be used to restrain thrust.
Suitable neoprene washers must be used to isolate the rods or cables from the flanges, to prevent
vibration short circuiting the connector.
Neoprene connectors offered must have a guaranteed burst pressure of at least three times the
required working pressure. When allowance is made for temperature/pressure de-rating.
Connectors must be rated for continuous operation at the required working pressure and
temperature. If the pressure and/or temperature are excessive for neoprene connectors, flexible
stainless steel connectors must be used.
4.712.04.2
Flexible Steel Connections
Flexible stainless steel connectors shall be used in the positions indicated in the drawings, or
where otherwise required, to reduce transmission of vibration or noise from equipment to pipework,
accommodate pipe expansion and contraction, take up misalignment and facilitate connecting up.
Where equipment is provided with a shut-off valve, the flexible connector shall be installed
between the equipment and the valve.
This Specification refers to flexible connectors built up from annular corrugated stainless steel
hose, reinforced with an external shroud of stainless steel wire braid, with the ends of the braid
locked so as to allow the connector to flex but not stretch. It does not refer to unbraided stainless
steel bellows, generally known as expansion joints.
Flexible rubber connectors are preferred for sound and vibration attenuators, but flexible stainless
steel connectors should be used:
a)
When the temperature or pressure is excessive for rubber.
b)
When maximum flexibility is required.
c)
When maximum safety is required.
Flexible stainless steel connectors should be fitted with loose flanges, to prevent twisting and
facilitate lining up.
Minimum lengths shall be as follows (but longer lengths must be used where necessary for the
required flexibility, or to exceed the manufacturer's recommended minimum radius):
DIAMETER (mm)
LENGTH (mm)
50
65
80 100
300 325 350 400
125
450
150
500
200
550
250
600
It must be noted that, unlike flexible rubber connectors, flexible stainless steel connectors cannot
accept axial movement, but only transverse (flexing) movement. If a single connector is used it
should therefore be installed parallel to the equipment shaft to accommodate vibration, or at right
angles to the direction of movement to accommodate pipe expansion. When the movement is in
two planes, two flexible connectors at right angles are to be used.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-42
WSP SA Standard Specification
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
Flexible stainless steel connectors offered must have a guaranteed burst pressure of at least three
times the required working pressure. When allowance is made for temperature / pressure derating, connectors must be rated for continuous operation at the required working pressure and
temperature.
4.712.05
FOUNDATIONS
All rotating equipment shall be provided with concrete foundations with approved vibration isolators
for rotating equipment. Refer to section "Noise and Vibration Control".
The foundations shall be not less than 100mm high and extend not less than 150mm beyond the
equipment on all sides. The Contractor shall provide galvanized steel channel forms the size and
shape of each foundation. These forms shall be of suitable strength such that they will not distort
when concrete is cast therein. Where necessary, the foundations are to be case on an isolating
layer which shall be provided by the Contractor. The forms and the isolating layers shall be
provided to the Builder together with any holding down bolts required and drawings giving all
necessary dimensions.
These foundations shall be painted by the Contractor once cast in position. A suitable etching
primer shall be used on the exposed surfaces of the galvanized steel. Colour of paint to be used to
be selected by the Engineer.
4.712.06
SOUND ATTENUATORS
Sound attenuating units and sound absorption lining in ductwork shall be provided as required to
control the system sound level within the limits as specified in Part Six.
Sound attenuators shall be supplied by an approved manufacturer. Published data of attenuator
performance must be available.
Detailed calculation sheets substantiating the selection of attenuators to achieve the sound levels
specified in Part Six of this document shall be submitted for approval by the Engineer prior to
ordering.
The sound attenuator's casing shall be made from galvanized sheet steel at least 1,6mm thick. All
joints shall be made airtight for pressures up to 1 kPa.
Connection between attenuator and ductwork shall be by means of matching angle iron flanges.
Flanges shall be at least as follows:
Longest side up to 1 000mm - 30 x 30 x 3mm angle
Longest side greater than 1 000mm - 40 x 40 x 4mm angle
The matching flange is to be sized such that it will accommodate the connecting ducting without
restriction.
When required, splitters shall be made with a galvanized steel frame and an acoustical fill of
mineral wool covered with galvanized perforated sheet.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-43
WSP SA Standard Specification
4.713
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
GRILLES AND DIFFUSERS
All grilles and diffusers shall be capable of delivering the air quantity stated without noise or
unnecessary draughts. The grilles shall be pleasing in appearance. All mitres, welds, etc., shall be
neat.
Unless otherwise stated, the builder will supply timber or other suitable framework, to which grilles
may be screwed. Sub-frames, where specified, must be supplied and handed to the builder for
building-in.
The fixing of grilles shall preferably be concealed or, alternatively, by means of neat countersunk
Phillips type screws. A felt or plastic foam gasket shall be installed behind grille flanges to ensure
air-tightness and prevent dust streaks.
Unless otherwise specified or indicated, all supply and return grilles and diffusers shall be fitted
with approved opposed-blade volume control dampers, adjustable from the face of the grille.
Grilles and diffusers shall be of the type specified in Part Six Detailed Installation Specification.
Sample grilles, diffusers and louvres to be submitted for approval prior to purchasing.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-44
WSP SA Standard Specification
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
4.721
ELECTRICAL WORK (FOR MECHANICAL INSTALLATIONS)
4.721.01
GENERAL
All electrical equipment shall be suitable for the declared voltage of the Supply Authority.
Unless otherwise specified, electrical energy will be brought to the Contractor's main switchboard
by the Electrical Contractor. The supply and installation of the Control Boards, Sub-boards,
Electrical Equipment and complete wiring therefrom shall form part of this Contract.
Unless otherwise specified the Contractor shall provide and install any necessary conduits, cables
or ducting and perform all wiring and connections necessary for the complete installation.
4.721.02
WIRING DIAGRAMS
Although covered elsewhere, specific mention is made of the provision of wiring diagrams.
Apart from submitting comprehensive wiring diagrams for approval prior to the commencement of
control board manufacture, the Contractor is to provide on completion "as-built" wiring diagrams for
all electrical work forming part of this Contract
Copies of these diagrams and those for manufactured equipment are to be included in the
Operating and Maintenance Instruction Manuals.
4.721.03
NOTICES AND FEES
The Contractor shall give all notices required by and pay all necessary fees, including any
inspection fees, which may be due to the Local Supply Authority.
4.721.04
ELECTRICITY SUPPLY
All equipment shall be capable of operating continuously under variations in the supply system of ±
5% in the voltage and ± 5% in the frequency. The system supply data is set out in the detailed
installation specification.
4.721.05
COMPLIANCE WITH REGULATIONS, STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS
The complete electrical installation shall satisfy the local Supply Authority and shall further
comply with the Code of Practice for the Wiring of Premises as issued by the South African
Bureau of Standards, the Local Supply Authority By-laws and the requirements of the
Manpower and Occupation Safety Act, Act 6 of 1983. The latter shall take precedence in the
case of conflicting requirements.
Except where otherwise provided for in this specification, all equipment offered shall
comply with the requirements of the relevant South African National Standards SANS
standard specification, if published and shall bear the mark, otherwise with the relevant British
Standards in force at the time of tendering, the specifications mentioned herein or shall otherwise
be "approved".
Where equipment offered complies with the recognised standards of the country of manufacture
and not specifically with the standards required by this specification, such equipment will be
considered at the discretion of the Engineer. In this case, Tenderers shall state fully, all respects in
which the equipment offered departs from the standards laid down in this specification.
4.721.06
PROTECTION OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
No piping shall pass through any Elevator Machine Room, Transformer Room, Emergency
Generator Room, Switchboard Room or Electrical Duct.
In general no piping shall be located in the same room within 1,8m in plan view of any part of any
electrical switchboard.
Where the above is not practical, protect electrical apparatus as follows:
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-45
WSP SA Standard Specification
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
Provide watertight drip pans of 1mm galvanized sheet metal, reinforced and properly supported,
under all piping near electrical control boards. Provide 32mm drain outlet pipes to spill over nearest
floor drain.
4.721.07
STANDARDIZATION OF MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT
Wherever possible the equipment offered shall be of one make with the facility to interchange
corresponding parts/components.
Materials sand equipment used in this contract must, where possible, be of South African
manufacture. The Contractor shall submit samples of any materials or equipment, if required, for
approval before installation. Such samples will be held for comparison purposes with equipment
and materials installed and will be released on satisfactory completion of the contract.
4.721.08
CONDUIT
Conduits shall enter distribution boards from above, unless otherwise specified.
Mechanical and electrical continuity must be maintained throughout the conduit installation,
although conduit shall NOT be relied upon for each continuity.
Conduits shall be screwed into outlets of conduit boxes where possible but where fixed to boxes
they shall be secured by means of sockets and brass bushes passing through properly sized
clearance holes.
All conduit ends shall be cut square to enable the conduits to be butted at all conduit sockets and
joints and conduit threads shall not show at the joints or terminations except where running joints
are made. All lubricants used to ease screwing shall be wiped off and oil shall not be used. The
inside of conduits, the ends of conduits, and all fittings used in the connection therewith shall be
smooth and free from burrs and all other defects. All exposed screw threads and parts where the
galvanized or paint finish has been damaged shall be thoroughly cleaned and painted with a zincrich paint for galvanized or a black bitumastic paint for black enamel conduits.
Conduits shall comply with South African National Standards SANS.
All conduits shall be heavy gauge, screwed, welded seamless, or solid drawn, unless otherwise
specified in the detailed installation specification. No conduit with less than 20mm external
diameter shall be used.
Concealed conduit shall be finished black enamel but shall be galvanized for use externally for
surface installation or where exposed to weather.
All junction boxes used in conjunction with steel conduit shall be of heavy steel or cast iron
construction, to South African National Standards SANS. Boxes for external use or in damp
situations shall either be provided with gaskets or with machined faces and watertight covers. The
use of inspection elbows, solid bends and tees will not be permitted except where shown on the
drawings. All fittings used with galvanized conduit shall be galvanized. All screws shall be cadmium
plated. All surface conduits shall be supported by cast distance saddles. Conduits shall be
supported on both vertical and horizontal runs at 1 500mm centers.
4.721.09
CABLING
Single core cables used in the wiring of building shall be 600/1000 Volt grade PVC insulated
to South African National Standards SANS. The cables shall be from recent stocks and must be
delivered on the site with seals unbroken and bearing the SABS mark.
Cables shall be sized according to the duty they are to perform in accordance with the relevant
standards.
Where multiple circuits or single core cables are run in parallel runs, the use of proprietary metallic
wiring trunkings with PVC cables drawn in will be permitted. Such wiring trunks shall be totally
enclosed, electrically continuous, bonded, provided with removable coverplates and fabricated
from 43mm galvanized steel and provided with returned edges.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-46
WSP SA Standard Specification
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
Connections to motors shall terminate in a short length of flexible conduit. Adaptaflex type SP,
Kopex or equal and approved for dry conditions, Adaptaflex type SPL for conditions exposed to
dust, watery suds or oils.
Earth continuity conductors shall be installed in all conduits and provided for all cables.
Terminals shall be enclosed in purpose-made terminal boxes. The terminal boxes shall be
generously sized, metallic or approved non-metallic (e.g. dough moulding compound and shall be
provided with DIN mounting rail terminal blocks sized to requirements, terminal screws which do
not act directly on the conductors, removable coverplates and adequate cable or conduit entries.
Multicore armoured cables shall be PVC PVC SWA PVC to South African National
Standards SANS or MICC to BS 6207 Part 1 and shall be fitted with maker's approved glands,
and ends shall be properly made off.
Cable glands for PVC cables shall comply with the requirements of South African National
Standards SANS and shall bear the mark.
4.721.10
CABLE TRAYS
In most circumstances, it will be permitted to run cable on a cable tray in which case the tray shall
be manufactured of galvanized steel of not less than 1,6mm gauge.
Cable trays shall be complete with bends, tees, etc. and be continuous.
Cable trays shall be perforated galvanized steel with upstand 12mm high for up to 250mm wide
trays ad 50 high for wider trays.
Cable ladders similar and equal to Sankey Strut may also be used.
Trays shall be securely supported from ceilings or brackets and by means of screwed galvanized
rods 10mm diameter and cross supporting angle or unistrut section, at intervals of 1 500mm.
4.721.11
TESTING OF THE ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION
Conduct such tests and adjustment of equipment as specified elsewhere, and as necessary to
verify performance requirements, and as required by all Authorities having jurisdiction. Submit data
taken during such tests to the Engineer. The Engineer reserves the right to be present during these
tests and shall be notified 48 hours in advance.
Attend on the Engineer and give all assistance required and provide such tools, materials,
implements and instruments as are necessary for the tests. The Engineer reserves the right to call
for such additional tests as he may consider necessary.
Upon completion of work the electrical installation shall be tested for earthing and short circuits in
accordance with the Code of Practice. If tests indicate inadequate insulation resistance,
corrections shall be made as directed by the Engineer.
Insulation resistance values shall be not less than those specified in the Code of Practice.
Operational tests of electrical equipment shall be performed as directed by the Engineer and as
specified elsewhere.
Notify and make arrangements with the officials of the Supply Authority for carrying out all
municipal tests. Provide attendance, tools, staging and all other facilities to the Supply Authority as
may be required for the purpose of these tests. Should retesting be required by the Supply
Authority pay all fees incurred by such test. The Engineer reserves the right to present at the tests
and should be notified 48 hours in advance.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-47
WSP SA Standard Specification
4.721.12
ELECTRIC MOTORS
4.721.12.01
General
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
All electric motors shall be constructed in accordance with the following requirements where
applicable.
SANS
Three Phase Induction Motors
SANS
Single Phase Induction Motors
British Standards
Specification for General Requirements
for Rotating Electrical Machines
The mounting and coupling arrangement for the motors shall suit the plant layout, but adequate
provision shall be made for ease of replacement of motors.
Motors shall be minimum Class F insulation.
Motor terminal boxes shall be adjustable to allow for cable entry from any one of three directions at
90 i.e. entrance from below or either side (not above) and for all forms of cable connections. It
shall be possible to remove the motor. Terminal boxes shall be drilled and tapped to take two
cable glands to South African National Standards SANS. Both holes shall be fitted with blank
brass plugs.
The colour code for motors, guards, baseplates, pumps, etc., shall be standard manufacturer's exworks paint finish unless specified otherwise.
4.721.12.02
Rating and Types
All motors shall be continuous maximum rated, three phase or single phase squirrel cage induction
type, wound for duty on an earthed 380/400 or 220/230 Volt 50 Hz system.
All motors shall be rated for direct-on-line starting unless otherwise indicated. Speeds shall be
suitable for the equipment to be driven. Motors shall be rated at not more than 1,3 times the
designed mechanical load.
Rating plates shall be provided on all motors and shall be of stainless steel or a non-corrosive
alloy.
4.721.12.03
Requirements for Various Environments
Indoor Wet
Enclosure to IP55 degree of protection.
Windings to be treated with extra impregnation and baking.
Cable entry from below.
Motors with ratings in excess of 50kW to be fitted with heaters.
Frames shall be aluminium.
Indoor Dry
Enclosure to IP54 degree of protection.
Cable entry from bottom or sides.
Outdoor
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-48
WSP SA Standard Specification
General Requirements for Workmanship, Materials & Contr Admin
Enclosure to IP55 degree of protection.
Cable entry from below.
Motors with ratings in excess of 50kW to be fitted with heaters.
Frames shall be aluminium.
Caustic
The entire housing, terminal box, fan cover, end shields and mounting foot or plate shall not be of
aluminium construction.
Enclosure to IP55 degree of protection.
Dust Explosion Proof
Enclosures and terminal boxes shall be suitable for CLASS 1 DIVISION 2 are in accordance
with South African National Standards SANS.
Enclosure group, in addition to the above, with be to IP54
Variable Speed
All motors intended for use in variable speed applications shall be fitted with integral positive
temperature co-efficient or resistance type thermistors for the thermal protection of the windings.
One thermistor shall be fitted per phase and shall be wired in series with the ends brought out to
the terminal box.
The terminal box shall be large enough to accommodate both the power and control cable glands.
Rev. 2000-07-19
4.012-49