Study Guide Chapter 10 & 12 Genetics
Vocab:
True-breeds
Trait
Heterozygous
Recessive
Dihybrid cross
Polygenic
Carrier
Gene linkage
Rh Factor
Self-pollination
Genes
Genotype
Principle of Segregation
Cross-fertilization
Alleles
Phenotype
Independent assortment
Hybrid
Homozygous
Dominant
Monohybrid
Incomplete dominance
Sex-linked traits
Autosomal disorders
Genome
Growth Factors
Codominance
Punnett Square
Epigenetics
Antigen
Tumor Suppressors
Multiple Alleles
Pedigree
Locus
Antibodies
Punnett squares (10.1-10.2)
o Monohybrid (single) crosses
o Dihybrid (double) crosses
o Genotype & Phenotype ratios (phenotype only for dihybrids)
Mendel’s work with pea plants (10.1)
o True-breed v. Hybrid
o Cross fertilization vs. self-fertilization
o P generation v. F1 generation v. F2 generation
Mendel’s principles (10.2)
o Dominance
o Segregation
o Independent assortment
Test-Cross (10.2)
o What is a test cross? What information can they provide?
Non-Mendelian/Complex patterns of inheritance (Rule Breakers) (10.3)
o How can the environment influence Genes? What are some examples?
o What is epigenetics?
o Incomplete Dominance v. Codominance – Be able to identify examples & do Punnett squares
o Multiple Alleles – Define, Be able to determine phenotypes
o Polygenic Traits – Define, give examples, How do you know a trait is polygenic (bellcurve/continuous variation)
o Linked genes (10.4)
 When are genes linked? What is a locus?
o Sex-linkage (10.5)
 What does it mean to say a trait is sex-linked?
 Examples of sex-linked traits
 More common in males or females? Why?
 Be able to do a Punnett square and provide the genotypes and phenotypes
Blood typing (10.3)
o Be able to figure out genotypes of blood types
o Be able to do a Punnett square
o Antigens/Antibodies of each ABO blood type (A, B, AB and O)
o Blood transfusions/Compatible blood types – Be able to tell if transfusion would work and why?
 Can O get A blood? Can AB get O blood?
o What blood type is the universal donor? Which is the universal recipient?
Pedigrees (12.3)
o Circle v. square
o Shaded v. unshaded
o Dominant v. recessive
o Sex-linked v. autosomal
o Be able to predict genotypes of individuals in the pedigree
Genes and Cancer (12.4)
 What are the 3 causes of cancer?
 How are mutations in Growth factors and/or Tumor Suppressor genes involved in cancer?
Lab: Parts of a Flower
- Be able to label the parts of the flower
- Male parts Stamen: anther and filament
- Female parts  Carpel: Stigma, style, ovaries and ovules