Air Quality Information
Applications to India
Systems
and
GEOSS:
A Type I Proposal in response to the Group on Earth Observations (GEO) Decision
Support Call for Proposals
A collaboration among:
Washington University in St. Louis
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
Ansal Institute of Technology
National Environmental Engineering Research Institute
University of Maryland – Baltimore County
Colorado State University
Centre for Development of Advanced Computing
May 1, 2010
Overview of proposal
This proposal is in response to the GEO Decision Support CFP, and addresses the objectives therein by
applying GEOSS principles, and the evolving GEOSS information infrastructure to the enhancement of air
quality information systems and decision processes. The proposed effort will establish processes that
integrate key earth observation data from remote-sensing platforms to augment the, often sparse, in
situ measurements, along with multi-scale, multi-pollutant atmospheric chemistry-transport model
outputs and advanced analysis tools for the Indian sub-continent. This will be enabled in part by making
globally accessible information more easily available to local, regional and national decision support
systems to meet the goal of increasing the capacity for effective air quality decision-making within India.
The current system of air quality monitoring, emission inventory, air quality modeling and action plan
development are need based and addresses the questions partially to resolve overall science based air
quality management in urban and industrial clusters. One of the major issues encountered quite often in
the process of action plan development is availability of good data, accessibility as also adequacy of
spatial, temporal and chemical information.
The importance of urban air pollution management in India has been felt even by Judiciary which has
directed the Government to prepare an action plan for 16 cities. Recently the need for industrial clusters
across country to address air quality problems besides other environmental pollution has been also felt.
These upcoming and urgent issues are being addressed in India, however, it could be strengthened
through the processes and systems developed during this project. The initiative would provide the
infrastructure for access, training materials, and ongoing guidance on the use of earth observation data,
models, and analysis tools. The project would result in the evolution of an India Air Quality Community
of Practice (IAQ CoP), which would provide an environment for collaboration and coordination among
Indian air quality organizations and systems as well as providing a collaborative connection with the GEO
Air Quality Community of Practice (GEO AQ CoP).
2
Table of Contents
Overview of proposal .................................................................................................................................... 2
Names and contact information for each project team member ................................................................ 4
Description of decision or problem needing improvement ......................................................................... 5
Technical/Management Section ................................................................................................................... 6
Background of Air Quality Monitoring in India ......................................................................................... 6
Technical Scope of Proposed Effort .......................................................................................................... 8
Community Building.................................................................................................................................. 8
Education and Outreach ....................................................................................................................... 9
Advancement of Information Infrastructure .......................................................................................... 10
Enhancement of Decision Support Systems ........................................................................................... 11
Existing Systems and Community-oriented Efforts ............................................................................ 11
Application of Systems to Air Quality Characterization in India ......................................................... 14
Project Framework.................................................................................................................................. 15
Deliverables from project ........................................................................................................................... 16
Air Quality Communities ......................................................................................................................... 17
India AQ Community of Practice ......................................................................................................... 17
Workshops/Training............................................................................................................................ 17
Reports and publications .................................................................................................................... 17
Air Quality Information Infrastructure Processes ................................................................................... 17
Process for using GEOSS in support of AQ characterization analyses ................................................ 17
Reusable and reproducible demonstrations....................................................................................... 17
Air Quality Science and Decision-ready Knowledge ............................................................................... 17
Algorithms and tools for integrated, multi-data source analyses ...................................................... 17
India urban/industrial air quality characterization analyses .............................................................. 17
Approach to transitioning to operational system of systems................................................................. 18
Anticipated results, benefits, and beneficiaries ......................................................................................... 18
Specific roles of each project team member .............................................................................................. 18
Project budget (estimated) ......................................................................................................................... 20
Project schedule.......................................................................................................................................... 21
Appendix A: References .............................................................................................................................. 22
Appendix B: Acronyms ................................................................................................................................ 24
Appendix C: Personnel (2-page CVs) ........................................................................................................... 26
Appendix D: Detailed Budget .................................................................................................................. 52
3
Names and contact information for each project team member
Project team members are listed alphabetically by last name.
Stefan Falke, Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in
St. Louis, Box 1180, St. Louis, Missouri 63130 USA stefan@wustl.edu
Rudolf Husar, Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University
in St. Louis, Box 1180, St. Louis, Missouri 63130 USA rhusar@wustl.edu
Akshara Kaginalkar, Centre for Development of Advanced Computing, Sc&Eng Computing Group, Pune,
INDIA akshara@cdac.in
Rakesh Kumar, Mumbai Zonal Center, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, 89B,
Dr.A.B.Road, Worli, Mumbai-400 018, INDIA r_kumar@neeri.res.in; rakeshmee@rediffmail.com (91)
98 208 39821
Shawn McClure, Colorado State Univ. – Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere, 1375
Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1375, USA
Rashmi S. Patil, Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076,
INDIA rspatil@iitb.ac.in (91) 22 2576 7858, (91) 98 209 10299
Ana Prados, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 5523 Research Park Drive, Baltimore MD 21228
aprados@umbc.edu
Virendra Sethi, Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076,
INDIA vsethi@iitb.ac.in, (91) 98 207 87 567, (91) 22 2576 7851
Uma Shankar, Institute for the Environment, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Bank of
America Plaza, CB # 6116, 137 E. Franklin St., Room 644, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
M.P. Singh, Ansal Institute of Technology, Sector 55, Gurgaon, Haryana, 122003 INDIA
director@aitgurgaon.org, (91) 99715 11455, (91) 124 411 6493
Chandra Venkataraman, Department of Chemical Engineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076,
INDIA chandra@iitb.ac.in, (91) 22 2576 7224
A.K. Yadav, Ansal Institute of Technology, Sector 55, Gurgaon, Haryana, 122003 INDIA
akyadav@aitgurgaon.org, (91) 98715 92061, (91) 124 4750 502
4
Description of decision or problem needing improvement
It is now well accepted among the air quality management community in India that there is a need for
science based tools to support decision making during the formulation of action plans leading to
improved air quality. This has been motivated more so because recent decisions based on short term or
limited data spectrum have not proved adequate for providing sustained solutions for air quality
management. Many cities in the country have shown high levels of pollutants and do not meet the
norms (UNEP, 2001). Further, sixteen most polluted cities were noted by the Indian Supreme Court and
were directed to make air quality management action plans. Subsequently, Ministry of Environment and
Forests (MoEF) listed 53 cities as polluted urban areas for which action plan was needed.
In a recent initiative of the Ministry of Environment and Forests, a Comprehensive Environmental
Pollution Index (CEPI) has been developed (CPCB, 2009) and used for 88 industrial clusters spread across
India. This index accounts for the levels of air pollution in these clusters. The choice of these industrial
clusters is also partially based on their proximity to urban region, with risk of exposure in such high
population areas. In another effort, the results from recently completed 6-city air pollution source
apportionment studies (CPCB, 2010), underscores a national need for a system to continuously monitor,
assess and develop action plans for improving the air quality in Indian cities.
Most of these efforts are need based, and often sporadic in nature. The accessibility for decision makers
to have a holistic understanding of the air quality issues in a region is limited by factors such as lack of
availability of air quality data, scattered data sources, and absence of time series data. For example, the
estimation of the CEPI is a dynamic, as well as ongoing process and needs continuous flow of additional
data and information for assessment and analyses for appropriate and prudent decision making.
Further, there is no robust structure or a platform for the air quality community to participate and share
research, education and practices. For example, a level of capacity was built in India through the 6-city
source apportionment study (funded by CPCB) [REF?/URL?]. However, in the absence of such a
community, the activity ended abruptly from want of a vision and commitment for sustained efforts
towards long term air quality management.
The proposed project is expected to be a leap-frogging activity for the Indian air quality management
practices. This project shall lead to:
-
-
-
Creation of a dynamic and interoperable, distributed data network where multiple earth
observations (such as ground, satellite and model based) related to air quality are catalogued
for easy access, visualization and analysis over dimensions of spatial, temporal and nature of
pollutants.
Use and understanding of tools and services within the GEOSS infrastructure will lead to
immense benefit to air quality managers and researchers in the country.
Developing some of the viable activities under this system such as, emission source
identification, exceptional event analyses, forecasting, assessment of air quality scenarios and
identification of air pollution hot spots in the country.
Integrating the AQ-COP of India with others for further strengthening of knowledge in India
and elsewhere.
Providing a window to learn and take action as also see the effect of the action and improve
the methodologies for future decisions.
Further, this would be accomplished through evolution of a community of practice for air
quality in India.
5
Technical/Management Section
Background of Air Quality Monitoring in India
The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) and State Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs) are the
government agencies responsible for managing air quality at national and state levels. The ground based
monitoring networks in India include the National Ambient Monitoring Programme (NAMP) network
operated under the guidelines of Central Pollution Control Board, state level air monitoring networks
operated by respective State Pollution Control Boards, and other networks operated by the National
Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), universities and research groups. Studies on the
health impact of air pollution in India have been limited and the high pollution levels in a large number
of cities with high population densities are a cause for concern. An example issue in need of improved
decision support tools and technologies is the impact on crops due to ozone and climate change,
including early warning systems and public service bulletins to targeted communities.
The NAMP network consists of 342 operating stations within 127 cities in 26 states and 4 Union
Territories of the country. All these stations monitor sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2),
Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (RSPM) and Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) ), Ammonia
and Hydrogen Sulphide on every third day. More than 100 continuous monitoring stations have been
also commissioned by CPCB, SPCB’s and the Industry in cities of concern such as Mumbai, Delhi, Pune
etc. Periodically, heavy metals in PM and PAHs are also analyzed from many of these stations.
Major Issues with Air Quality Monitoring System
The present system of measurement does serve a purpose of providing city specific plan however, it has
limited role in terms of understanding of little extended region around these cities. The point
measurements from the monitoring stations are thus limited in their temporal frequency and
geographic coverage, and lack the spatial continuity to provide a synoptic view of air quality in the
region. The current monitoring network also lacks monitoring in rural areas that are impacted by
pollution transport downwind of urban and industrialized areas. The other related problem is with
regard to data of background against which the cities air quality can be compared. The background data
points are very limited compared to urban centric or industrial clusters data from monitoring stations.
With the addition of continuous monitoring stations is some cities, issue pertaining to inter-comparison
of data within the cities as also across the country, becomes a major concern.
Responses needed
Additional modes of monitoring are needed to better assess air quality and recent developments in the
earth observation (EO) systems provide an excellent opportunity to integrate satellite data with surface
measurements to support the decision-making processes for effective air quality management.
Presently, these data are not utilized to their full potential for air quality management in India, and are,
for the most part, limited to the research community. The opportunity to find, access and understand air
quality data from different sources for examining, processing, overlaying and displaying would offer an
added dimension to the air quality management processes in the country.
The GEOSS vision provides a structure for environmental data to be easily available through an
interoperability framework that allows them to be used via various subsets and combinations in support
specific research and decision applications (Figure 1).
6
Figure 1: GEOSS connecting observation and modeling systems with decision processes
The use of data and their application for air quality achieved in GEOSS through web and data standards
would allow disparate data to be accessible to a variety of decision support tools. The GEOSS Common
Infrastructure (GCI) on one hand would provide a channel for data providers to register and catalog
standards-based web service interfaces to satellite, surface and modeled data, and on the other hand,
for data consumers to find and access those data.
The atmospheric composition over India is determined by the sources within India as well as by the
contributions from neighboring regions. A full air quality characterization requires a multi-scale
approach, consisting of global, regional/national and local perspectives as depicted in Figure 2. Global
data, analyses and models provide the broad geographic and chemical pattern and visualize pollutant
transport into and out of the Indian sub-continent. Surface observations are inherently local and the
analysis of local conditions is necessary for the full understanding of air quality, particularly in megacities and industrial areas. Air quality monitoring networks managed by the Indian national agencies
provide important observation data that can be augmented with satellite data and model results.
It is anticipated that a key contribution of the proposed project will be the India-scale characterization of
air quality facilitated by the Indian and GEOSS Air Quality Communities of Practice (AQ CoPs). The
regional/India-scale observations, analyses and modeling results can be synthesized from the
combination of global observations provided by the GEO AQ CoP and national observations within India.
7
Figure 2. Multi-scale perspective needed for AQ characterization
This proposal focuses on strengthening and developing new capabilities for Indian air quality
management activities, which has ample intellectual capacity to benefit from such infusion in a few key
areas, and which could be expected to carry the program forward operationally on its own in
approximately 3-4 years. This is a reasonable estimate for the development of a prototype system that is
ready to be transitioned into an operational system for routine applications based on experience in
related projects to develop air quality decision support systems in the U.S.
Technical Scope of Proposed Effort
The work proposed is a collaboration among India and US organizations to develop a prototype
integrated air quality information system for India, which is linked to the GEOSS GCI both as an
information provider and as a user. The project is expected to encompass three primary activity areas:
1. Community Building
2. Advancement of Information Infrastructure, and
3. Enhancement of Decision Support Systems
Community Building
A Community of Practice (CoP) is a user-led community of stakeholders, from providers to the final
beneficiaries of Earth observation data and information, with a common interest in specific aspects of
societal benefits to be realized by GEOSS implementation. Based on experiences with the Federation of
Earth Science Information Partners (ESIP) Air Quality Workgroup in the United States, and the emerging
GEO Air Quality Community of Practice (GEO AQ CoP), a key objective of the proposed effort is to initiate
an India Air Quality Community of Practice (IAQ CoP) that could coordinate with peer-level CoPs, such as
ESIP and contribute to the international GEO AQ CoP. Discussions and interactions that stemmed from
the development of this GEO Decision Support proposal have already initiated efforts to form the India
AQ CoP and interest across the India air quality community is high. The proposed project will help
formalize the IAQ CoP and to apply GEOSS principles and best practices.
Using and enhancing the concept of the GEO AQ CoP to develop a process for engaging organizations in
a collaborative environment across the Indian air quality research, management and policy communities
as well as the global air quality community. Community building includes fostering education and
outreach via demonstrations, workshops and training courses to aid in more widespread use of GEOSS
and related systems, and to iteratively improve the process at multiple stages of the project using the
feedback from the user community. The community building activity addresses the task of engaging
local resources in the development of the new decision support system, and will be led by the principal
team members in India. The efforts would be directed through the following sub-tasks:
8
1) Identifying stakeholders, such as air quality researchers and managers in India, and mobilizing
information, infrastructure and financial resources
2) Conducting workshops to build capacity for access and utilization of Earth Science Observations
for decision-support,
3) Working with stakeholders in indentifying decision-making activities and defining applications in
support of decision-making activities (not sure I understand the rest of the sentence) and engaging
in the providing and accessing of data,
4) Setting up India-specific structures to establish and sustain an IAQ-CoP.
The key stakeholders for the IAQ CoP may be comprised of Government of India (Ministry of
Environment and Forests), Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), State Pollution Control Boards
(SPCB’s), Academic Institutes (IITs, IISc, Universities, NITs), Research Institutes (NEERI, IITM, Pune,
CDAC), Indian Meteorological Department (IMD), Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO),
Practitioners (Industries, Consultants), Professional bodies (IEA) and other groups, all of whom are to be
invited to participate.
The principal team members from India, foresee that the IAQ CoP will begin to engage and coordinate
around questions, such as storage, presentation, sharing data, and use of currently available CPCB data;
How best to supplement the SPCB procedures for utilization of the CPCB monitoring network for their
decision making; Use of SPCB inventory data industry by industry; data system for area and line sources;
where are modeling efforts located , and for scales that are (a) local (b) regional (c) global use of
satellite data from ISRO and its usage; need for an operational speciation network with resolution in
terms of chemical composition for PM measurements; geographic coverage for urban, rural and
background air quality; need to establish the role that the region has to play in the global decision
making for global decisions
The IAQ-CoP will be created through scheduling occasions for structured national and regional level
symposiums and meetings. The theme area will be “Practices and Structures for Sustained Air Quality
Management in India” and will be supported through commitments from the GOI, Industry and hosted
by academic institutions. Stakeholders will be invited to participate in the first such event, which will
include brain storming, establishing a need for systemic approach, demonstrations, sharing from GEOSS
experiences, and formulation of pathway for the work in India. This event will be followed by two
similar events where the progress and accomplishments will be shared. In addition to these events,
specific specialty workshops will be conducted on a more frequent and geographically dispersed
schedule throughout the country as described in the next section. While such physical meetings are felt
as a need at the initial stages of the formation of CoP, the mode of such meetings would be augmented
and phased into a virtual mode through suitable collaboration technologies.
Education and Outreach
An important part of the community-building will be accomplished via end-user training activities. All
training activities will provide hands-on experience with model, satellite, and surface intercomparisons. We will also provide end users in India with the skills needed for leveraging the GEOSS
Common Infrastructure in order to find and access distributed Earth Science data and tools. There will
be two main types of trainings 1) Satellite workshops 2) Modeling Workshops. The satellite workshops
have three main components a) Atmospheric satellite remote sensing basics b) Accessing Earth Science
Observations via GEO Portals and other online tools; c) Using Satellite Observations, GEO portals and
web tools for decision-support via hands-on Case Studies. Satellite trainings will be conducted following
the structure of existing NASA Applied Sciences Program Training Workshops (Prados et. al., 2010) to
include hands-on activities for online access, visualization and analysis of satellite imagery. The second
type of training will provide in-depth workshops on air quality modeling , complementary to the CMAS
9
training to community end users on the use of the air quality models relevant to the India with an
emphasis on their synergistic use with Earth observations. Case Studies on utilization of both satellite
and model data will be prepared specifically for India applications to include different types of pollution
episodes, which a decision-maker may encounter in India such as long-range transport of industrial
pollution or dust storms.
Advancement of Information Infrastructure
This aspect of the proposed effort focuses on using and enhancing the GEOSS GCI, and communitybased extensions thereof, as defined by the data, information and analytical needs of the India air
quality research, management and policy communities. The foundation of this task is the GEOSS
Common Infrastructure and the air quality community information infrastructure components
developed during the GEOSS Architecture Implementation Pilot – Phase 2 (AIP-2;
http://www.ogcnetwork.net/AIP2ERs#AQ) and currently being advanced in AIP-3. The GEOSS Air Quality
community has been building entities on top of the GCI to accommodate unique characteristics of air
quality data and analysis web services through metadata standards and an associated community
catalog (Figure 4). The resulting framework is intended to simplify the process for providers to share
their data and provide ways for web applications and decision support systems to connect with the data.
This part of our proposal addresses the task of developing the necessary components for an
interoperable network of data and tools to support the air quality science and management efforts in
India and connect it with GEOSS. The foundation of this task is the GEOSS Common Infrastructure and
the air quality community information infrastructure components developed during the GEOSS
Architecture Implementation Pilot – Phase 2 (AIP-2).
Figure 3: An air quality community infrastructure connected with the GEOSS Common Infrastructure
An underlying principle of AIP is the use of Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) with the publish-findbind protocol, where data services are published to a common registry, search tools allow the finding of
those data, and a wide variety of applications and tools can connect to those data for visualization,
processing or analysis. Key activities include:

Creation of standards-based web service interfaces to satellite, surface and modeled data
10


Registration of web services in a GEOSS air quality community catalog and harvesting of the
Community Catalog by the GEOSS Clearinghouse.
Access of services through the GEOSS Clearinghouse with AQ Clients and portals for the use of
those services in web applications and decision support systems
The publish capability in the information architecture will involve the creation of metadata needed for
finding, understanding and using the data. The AQ metadata record developed in AIP-2 is based on the
ISO 19115 standard and can be semi-automatically generated based on a combination of metadata
extracted from web service descriptions and manually entered information. The generated metadata
record is saved into a community catalog that is already registered as a component in the GEOSS
Component and Service Registry (CSR). The GEOSS Clearinghouses query the GEOSS CSR for catalogs and
then “harvest” the catalogs for their metadata records.
In order to find the data access services in the GEOSS Clearinghouse one has to know what to search for
and how to extract the relevant information from the GEOSS Clearinghouse. AIP-2 has helped define this
process for AQ-related searches. General search parameters defined by the GEOSS Clearinghouses are
used as a first filtering step and then further refined in customized search parameters specific to AQ
communities.
Further, subsequent to finding the data for AQ decision-making, there is a need to bind, or use, those
data in meaningful applications. The information returned from search results should provide the
necessary information to connect those data with processing, visualization or analysis tools of the user’s
choice. This aspect of the information infrastructure will be a focus area for the proposed project to
define conventions for connecting GEOSS earth observation services with decision support tools.
The end result of this task will be data services that are made available to stakeholders in India through
GEOSS along with a capability for users to register data services with GEOSS, and mechanisms to
connect those data services for use in decision support systems.
Enhancement of Decision Support Systems
The proposed project intends to leverage existing data and information systems, tools and methods to
facilitate the integration of global and local data from multiple sources (surface-based and satellite
measurements, models and analysis tools) to allow air quality management groups to better understand
the air quality issues in specific regions of India, and conduct analyses, such as emission source
identification, exceptional event analyses, forecasting, assessment of air quality scenarios and
identification of air pollution hot spots in the country.
To meet the needs of the intended beneficiaries, the information infrastructure should effectively
provide information that can meaningfully enhance decision support systems. The project team has
extensive experience in developing information and analysis tools in support of air quality science and
management, and also has experience in communicating, collaborating and coordinating with related
systems. We seek to leverage implemented technologies, best practices, and existing information
systems for application in India.
Existing Systems and Community-oriented Efforts
The proposed project relies on and builds upon previous efforts. An important activity is the assessment
of existing systems and capabilities along with determination of how they are best applied to the India
air quality problem.
11
Recent Studies and Experiences in India
In a recent effort by CPCB in India, a nation-wide study was undertaken to address air quality issues in
the context of the Auto-Fuel Policy for India (MPNG, 2003)). Seven agencies, namely, IIT Bombay, IIT
Kanpur, IIT Madras, ARAI Pune, NEERI Nagpur, NEERI Mumbai and TERI Bangalore undertook a study of
source apportionment for the cities of Bangalore, Chennai, Delhi, Kanpur, Mumbai and Pune (CPCB,
2010). The study followed a common methodology for the six cities and the results were used to project
future air quality scenarios based on control/management options exercised. A community of
researchers, practitioners and government agencies participated in this first ever effort of this scale.
As a follow-up of the 6-city study, an exercise was carried out through collaboration between ISRO, IIT
Bombay, and NEERI Mumbai to relate satellite data with the ground data measured for the city of
Mumbai. While the spatial and temporal resolutions were limited, the results indicated episodic events
that influenced the local measurements on particular days.
In 2004, the annual meeting in IASTA focused on the theme of satellite and remote sensing studies in
India. A large body of data is available in the research communities of IITM Pune, ISRO, IIT Delhi, IIT
Kanpur, and IMD and several such focused, yet to be integrated with a common multi-dimensional
thread, that could provide greater access and a platform for thinking.
More recently, the MoEF, through CPCB has asked the State Pollution Control Boards to prepare an
abatement action plan for 88 industrial clusters that are above the critical CEPI. While there is debate
on the relevance and effectiveness of using CEPI and the methodology used to arrive at CEPI, the
prominent outcome emerging from the debate is the need for comprehensive data sets that are sourced
through multiple sources, and even further, the quality and sanctity of the available data. A recent
round table co-hosted by Indian Environment Association (members from Industries) and IIT Bombay
pointed to the need for community participation in national level decision making processes.
The recent experiences in India point to the need for a framework that fosters collaboration among
organizations in exchanging air pollution data and information from multiple sources. Such collaborative
efforts to develop tools that allow integrated data analysis to derive decision ready information shall be
highly valuable. Other countries and communities face similar challenges and lessons learned by these
other organization can be useful in addressing the Indian challenges. The following section outlines
some of the ongoing community-oriented efforts.
Other Related Efforts
Coordination and effective interoperability among air quality systems is a well documented challenge. In
the US, an Air Quality Data Summit was convened by EPA to discuss challenges in and approaches to
address information and capability sharing among projects and organizations. During the GEO VI Plenary
in November 2009, an air quality meeting was organized to discuss similar topics. Members of the
proposed project team have been actively engaged in these interoperability efforts and the GEO
Decision Support RFP provides an opportunity to address these issues and achieve the interoperability
goals of GEOSS within the context of air quality decision support in India. Table 1 describes some of the
systems and projects that the project team has been involved with and others that are expected to be
part of the collaboration pursued during the project. These only represent a starting point that will be
more comprehensively expanded during the proposed effort. For example, a recently initiated project
with the goal of air quality forecasting and mapping for Indian cities seems to be a project with which we
would gain from collaboration and that might be interested in participating in the IAQ-CoP.
Project/System
Name
Description
Connection with proposed effort
Team
member
involvement
CEOS
web standards-based information
Giovanni and DataFed are
S. Falke, R. Husar
12
Atmospheric
Composition
Portal (AC Portal)
sharing and analytical tool
collaboration for remotely sensed
atmospheric composition data.
involved in the AC Portal effort
and advances in the AC Portal will
be leveraged during the
proposed effort.
(Washington
University)
contributes to the
AC Portal
Technical Team
Community
Modeling and
Analysis System
(CMAS)
used by a world-wide community of
air quality researchers, planners and
policy analysts for their air quality
modeling and analysis applications,
and also provides training on the
use of the modeling system in the
U.S. and at requested user locations
CMAS plans to work with the
project team to define
approaches to connecting its
modeling system and emissions
processing methodologies with
the GEOSS Common
Infrastructure, provide data and
expertise related to models and
emissions inventories for use in
air quality characterization, and
develop training modules.
U. Shankar
(University North
Carolina - Institute
for the
Environment)
hosts the CMAS
Center
CyAir
Contributing to the development of
an air quality cyberinfrastructure
that fosters interoperability among
independent air quality monitoring,
modeling, and analysis projects
CyAir shares objectives with the
proposed project and can both
contribute and gain from
collaboration with the project
team
S. Falke and U.
Shankar are
collaborators on
CyAir
DataFed
a web services infrastructure that is
dedicated to air quality that
provides mechanisms for accessing
distributed datasets, data
processing for filtering, aggregation,
and fusion, and data browsing and
visualization
work with the project team in
developing and implementing the
GEOSS Air Quality community
infrastructure and in the
integration of multiple data
sources for air quality
characterization and analysis.
R. Husar,
(Washington
University)
develops and
maintains
DataFed (Husar
and Poirot, 2005)
Goddard
Interactive Online
Visualization ANd
aNalysis
Infrastructure
(GIOVANNI)
an online web based tool for
visualization, exploration, and
analysis of NASA Earth Science data,
designed and implemented based
on service- and workflow-oriented
asynchronous architecture.
Work with the team to facilitate
access to web services for
integration into the GEOSS
infrastructure. Giovanni will be
one of the primary tools using to
train end users on satellite
imagery visualization,
interpretation and analysis.
A. Prados (UMBC)
is a Giovanni
Science Team
member
Visibility
Information
Exchange Web
System (VIEWS)
Used by a large community of U.S.
state and local agencies in analyses
of air quality data to develop state
and tribal implementation plans to
assess and mitigate the impacts of
air pollution. VIEWS integrates
satellite data with existing groundbased observational databases,
providing services to access
modeled data and applying analysis
tools for a consolidating the
decision support tools.
VIEWS plans to work with the
project team to connect its
services with the GEOSS Common
Infrastructure and in developing
collaborative visualization and
analysis tools for air quality
characterization.
S, McClure
(Colorado State
Univ. – CIRA)
develops and
maintains VIEWS
13
Table 1. Summary of related projects, programs and systems
These systems, projects and tools provide various capabilities for information access, visualization,
processing and analysis for air quality, each with its unique interfaces and specialties. An objective of the
proposed project is to make use of these systems and other related systems within the GEOSS
infrastructure that is outlined in the previous section so that data and tools are broadly available for
multiple decision support uses. A combination of existing capabilities applied to India would offer a
wide-range of decision support capabilities that dynamically use earth observation data distributed
across the Web, such as integrated data visualization and analysis over multiple spatial, temporal, and
air pollutant dimensions and tools to reconcile observation data and modeled output.
Application of Systems to Air Quality Characterization in India
The characterization of air quality is an integrative activity that is a precondition for all AQ decisionsupport activities shown in Fig.1. The characterization of air pollution over India will consist of deriving
the spatial, temporal and chemical pattern of air pollutants over the Indian sub-continent. The spatial
characterization will utilize to the maximum degree possible the surface-based observations from the
monitoring networks in India. This will include the 348 station routine monitoring network. The
additional, available monitoring data in India will be identified and their use facilitated by the IAQ CoP.
These regional and local monitoring data will be made accessible and registered in GEOSS through the
Air Quality Community catalog.
The characterization of air pollution over India will also utilize the global and regional datasets provided
by the GEOSS Air Quality Community. An illustrative subset of these data resources is shown in Figure 4.
For more details and for access to these datasets see the GEOSS Air Quality Community console (Husar
et al, 2010b).
Figure 4. Global and regional datasets provided by the GEOSS Air Quality Community
The digital population data (Population Density) will be useful for estimating pollutant exposure and
human health effects. The emission data (Emission Density) from high resolution inventories of
anthropogenic emissions will be available as inputs to regional, chemical transport models. These
inventories will be augmented with estimates of biomass smoke emissions derived from remotely
14
sensed fire pixels and detected smoke. The global datasets will include light extinction observations
derived from surface based visual range observations (Visibility). These daily data are available for over
100 monitoring sites in India since the 1970's. Remote sensing observations will be crucial for
establishing the spatial pattern of aerosols (Hoff and Christopher, 2009; Husar, 2010), NO2 and other
gases. These daily, global-scale observations will include Aerosol Optical Thickness from the MODIS and
MISR sensors as well as Absorbing Aerosol Index, columnar NO2, SO2 and CHCO from the OMI sensor. It
is anticipated that the spatial AQ characterization will consist of an iterative process through which the
ambient and remotely-sensed observations are reconciled with the emission estimates using suitable
chemical transport models.
The temporal characterization of air pollutants will consist of time series analysis of the long term
datasets. The diurnal, weekly and seasonal cycle of the pollutants will be characterized along with the
synoptic scale variation, including air pollution events from man-made and natural sources. For longterm trends, effort will be made to reconstruct the natural background concentrations and the
anthropogenic perturbation over the recent decades. The chemical characterization of the Indian subcontinent will focus on aerosols since the observation of gaseous pollutants is sparse in both time and
space.
Locally available emissions data will be compiled to augment an existing emissions database for the
Indian subcontinent and the surrounding regions influencing air quality in India. We plan to use
regionally relevant emissions inventory data in the use case modeling studies to be identified in the
course of the project. Based on Ms. Shankar's previous collaborative research with IIT-Mumbai in
modeling the INDOEX observational period of 1999, we have access to a fine-resolution (0.25 degree x
0.25 degree) inventory of emissions collected for several emissions sectors in India, and have the tools
available to convert them to CMAQ-ready format. We will include updates in the biofuel and open
burning sectors, and growth and control projections to 2006 conditions made recently by Dr.
Venkataraman (Cherian et al., 2010; Venkataraman et al., 2006; Venkataraman et al., 2005; Habib et al.,
2004) to capture more contemporary impacts of black carbon, which is very important to the region,
due to both its air quality and health impacts and its climate impacts.
Air quality modeling output is another component of the integrated air quality characterization analysis.
We anticipate running retrospective air quality model simulations and targeted emissions control
studies for time periods identified by the India Air Quality Community of Practice. This activity would
include enhancements to available analysis tools and their application to evaluate the model results
against Earth observations, both surface- and satellite-based. The modeling and analysis results will be
made available to the GEOSS Air Quality Community Infrastructure for reuse in other applications.
A series of demonstrations and workshops are planned in order to reach a broad audience and to collect
critical feedback on the strengths and weaknesses of the prototype approach, analyses and applications.
The demonstrations and workshops will highlight the processes used in the information infrastructure as
well as the insights gained from the integrated air quality characterization analyses. The feedback will be
used to refine the developed systems in order to provide the most robust and meaningful information
systems for the intended beneficiaries to incorporate into their operations.
Project Framework
The key project activities in community building, information infrastructure development, and air quality
characterization analyses are brought together in a framework based on the connections among the
activities. The enhanced decision support is achieved by integrating multiple sources of data from
observations, models, and emissions to arrive at new insight useful for developing air quality action
plans for Indian cities and industrial areas. The needs for new information and the data used to generate
15
the insight are provided through the IAQ-CoP. Access to the data and analysis tools are made available
through the air quality community infrastructure. Combined within a integration framework all three
activities can be leveraged in a way that promotes reuse and scalability to other air quality applications.
Results of the characterization analyses are connected with the AQ Community Infrastructure, thereby
simplifying their use by other organizations in other types of analyses. The analyses and decision making
processes are used by the IAQ-CoP to determine their effectiveness and to refine community needs that
drive the next round of decision support analyses.
Figure 5. Framework leveraging community and infrastructure for air quality decision knowledge
Deliverables from project
The framework developed during the proposed effort will foster the exchange, processing, analysis and
use of earth observations for air quality research and management. In the process of working within this
framework, three types of output are anticipated in the first 3 years, including those that:



build and connect the air quality community across India and internationally
define processes and best practices for working with shared, distributed datasets and analysis
tools
create novel air quality analytical information and knowledge that provides new insight into the
characterization of air quality in India
16
Air Quality Communities
India AQ Community of Practice
A key result of the proposed effort is the establishment of a functioning Air quality community of
practice in India that collaboratively



builds and maintains an AQ community Infrastructure
defines needed data, information and decision support tools for the community and work to
make them available and usable in the GEOSS framework and
defines and implements best practices for contributing to and benefiting from common pools of
data resources
Workshops/Training
The planning and training workshops developed during the project will build upon previous workshops
and training materials. The enhanced and tailored workshops and training material will be available for
other organizations to use in their own communities and further enhance.
Reports and publications
Insight gained and lessons learned during the proposed effort will be documented and shared with the
community through conference proceedings, reports, and per-reviewed publications.
Air Quality Information Infrastructure Processes
Process for using GEOSS in support of AQ characterization analyses
The proposed effort will define a reusable approach within the GEOSS framework to integrate data of
multiple types (satellite observations, surface measurements, emissions model output), of multiple
spatial and temporal scales, and from multiple sources in order to characterize Indian air quality. The
processes will be able to use different tools to arrive at analyses relevant for action planning. An
important result of the processes will be the ability to feedback into GEOSS architecture by providing
new data and information products through web services to the common and shared resources of
GEOSS.
Reusable and reproducible demonstrations
Throughout the course of the project, there will be demonstrations conveying progress, engaging others
in the community and for defining how to participate within the framework. Each demonstration will
build on the previous and can be reconfigured and reused, thereby demonstrating some of the benefits
of a modular, service approach. The demonstrations will be designed so that a new user could follow a
sequence of steps and recreate what they see in the demonstration.
Air Quality Science and Decision-ready Knowledge
Algorithms and tools for integrated, multi-data source analyses
The algorithms and tools developed will be available for use by the broader community. The goal will be
for these to be available through web service interfaces and registered within GEOSS.
India urban/industrial air quality characterization analyses
The output of the analytical portion of the effort will include new datasets and information products
that are useful for action planning and offer new insights into the characteristics of air pollution in urban
and industrial regions of India.
17
Approach to transitioning to operational system of systems
A fourth type of output, the focus for year 4, is a set of recommendations and steps that define an
approach to transition the developed framework to a sustainable and operation system of systems
integrated with decision processes.
The different types of deliverables will help serve different beneficiaries of the proposed effort. For
example, air quality researchers will likely make the most use of the algorithms and tools for integrated
data analysis while air quality managers will likely find the most use on the information generated from
the air quality characterization analyses.
Anticipated results, benefits, and beneficiaries
The deliverables from the proposed project are expected to be multi-beneficial for the end users
depending on their operation. The air quality decision support system would provide the government a
systemic structure for well informed and scientifically supported decisions for national and international
policies.
The beneficiaries of this project include Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), State Pollution Control
Boards (SPCBs), academia and research community, industry/development sector, the broader GEOSS
air quality community and other GEOSS communities.
At the level of regulatory agencies, the tools and services that would be made available through this
project are anticipated to be beneficial for improving/optimizing existing monitoring networks, source
identification, exceptional event analyses, retrospective air quality data analyses and forecasting. This
would also provide opportunities for monitoring the progress of abatement plans and making decisions
on modifications if needed.
The academia and research community will benefit through the improved data availability and
accessibility. The ability of the system to provide a holistic view of multiform data would promote
research in areas such as air quality and human health. Validation of models and satellite retrievals are
examples of other activities that would be of interest for research community.
The proposed effort is also expected to benefit judiciary organizations which have previously used
surface air pollution measurements in their decision making processes. An enhanced decision support
system would be useful for judiciary in their status assessments and requests for action. Apart from the
improved air quality due to improved decision making, the other benefits to the public may be the
opportunity for up-to-date information on state of air quality and early warnings.
The Industry/ development sector will be benefited through the support for environmental impact
assessment and assessment of control strategies. The proposed project will create a partnership
between the regulatory agencies and industry/development sector through providing opportunity to
share the information about the state of environment.
While the project is focused on applications in India, the benefits would be at a global scale. The
framework, conventions and processes developed during this project will be applicable in other regions
of the world, and the expertise gained in India will be educative in the effort needed to develop similar
capabilities elsewhere.
Specific roles of each project team member
The collaborative team for this project has come together through previous collaborations within the
GEOSS Architecture Implementation Pilot Phase-2 (AIP-2), the Federation of Earth Science Information
18
Partners (ESIP), McDonnell Academy Global Energy and Environment Partnership (MAGEEP), and other
interactions.
Name
Organization
Role
Stefan Falke
Washington University
Co-PI (Point-Of-Contact), Project coordination,
GEOSS Common Infrastructure, collaborative
analytical tools
Uma Shankar
University of North Carolina
Co-PI, Modeling, training
Virendra Sethi
IIT Bombay
Co-PI, Community building, India air quality
monitoring and data, application to decision
processes
Rudolf Husar
Washington University
Co-PI,
Multi-data
source
air
characterization, GEOSS Infrastructure
Rakesh Kumar
National
Environmental Co-I, Air Quality Monitoring and Decision Support
Engineering Research Institute System for Air quality Management decisions,
Economic analysis, Technology issues of air
pollution control
Chandra
Venkataraman
IIT Bombay
Ana Prados
University of Maryland
Baltimore County
Akshara
Kaginalkar
Centre for Development of Co-I,
Advanced Computing
Shawn McClure
Colorado State University
Co-I, Web services, analysis tools
Rashmi S. Patil
IIT Bombay
Co-I, Air Quality Modelling and Measurements
M.P. Singh
Ansal Institute of Technology
Co-I, Conducting modeling studies, dissemination
through training, workshops and conferences
A.K. Yadav
Ansal Institute of Technology
Co-I, Air Quality Characterization and analysis,
training workshops
Erin Robinson
Washington University
GEOSS Common Infrastructure and Air quality
community infrastructure
Ratish Menon
IIT Bombay
Air quality characterization methods
Kari Hoijarvi
Washington University
Web developer
quality
Co-I, Modeling, India regional-scale emissions
inventory, model inter-comparisons
– Co-I, Satellite data for air quality analysis, training
19
Project budget (estimated)
The following represents a budget estimate for the proposed work. They are intended as a ball-park
figure and to indicate the budget distribution across collaborators and project activities. We look
forward in working with GEO to identify potential sponsors of this work. Once sponsors are identified,
detailed budgets will be generated and finalized. Please refer to Appendix D for detailed breakdown of
US organization budget estimates along with budget justifications. For contractual purposes for the US
organizations, Washington University in St. Louis will serve as the PI institution.
TOTAL COSTS (India + U.S.)
United States
Labor (includes fringe)
Washington University in St. Louis
University of North Carolina
University of Maryland - Baltimore County
Colorado State University
Total Labor (U.S.)
Yr1
Yr2
Yr3
$996,272 $970,431 $939,806
Yr1
Yr2
$166,809 $172,854
$170,605 $173,004
$21,686 $22,771
$36,735 $38,725
$395,835 $407,354
Yr3
$184,095
$177,088
$23,909
$40,823
$425,915
Yr4
$947,245
TOTAL
$3,853,754
Yr4
TOTAL
$190,270
$714,028
$171,008
$691,705
$25,105
$93,471
$43,034
$159,317
$429,417 $1,658,521
Travel
Washington University in St. Louis
University of North Carolina
University of Maryland - Baltimore County
Colorado State University
Total Travel (U.S.)
Equipment
Washington University in St. Louis
University of North Carolina
University of Maryland - Baltimore County
Colorado State University
Total Equipment (U.S.)
Other Direct Costs
Washington University in St. Louis
University of North Carolina
University of Maryland - Baltimore County
Colorado State University
Total Other Direct Costs (U.S.)
Total Direct Costs (U.S.)
$8,416
$15,140
$11,005
$6,066
$40,627
$8,416
$15,746
$11,005
$6,369
$41,536
$8,416
$16,366
$11,005
$6,687
$42,474
$8,416
$17,008
$11,005
$6,802
$43,231
$33,664
$64,260
$44,020
$25,923
$167,867
$9,800
$17,600
$0
$0
$27,400
$8,000
$18,624
$0
$0
$26,624
$0
$0
$0
$0
$0
$0
$0
$0
$0
$0
$17,800
$36,224
$0
$0
$54,024
$7,540
$5,740
$2,615
$3,606
$1,300
$0
$933
$979
$12,388 $10,325
$476,249 $485,839
$5,740
$2,595
$0
$1,020
$9,355
$477,744
$5,740
$24,760
$2,664
$11,480
$0
$1,300
$1,071
$4,002
$9,475
$41,542
$482,122 $1,921,954
Indirect Costs
Washington University in St. Louis
University of North Carolina
University of Maryland - Baltimore County
Colorado State University
Total Indirect Costs (U.S.)
$134,038 $97,245
$90,413 $92,331
$8,838
$8,782
$20,554 $21,654
$253,843 $220,012
$103,091
$94,104
$9,078
$22,809
$229,082
$106,302
$91,526
$9,389
$23,926
$231,143
U.S. Direct and Indirect Costs
$730,092 $705,851
$706,826
$713,265 $2,856,034
India
Labor (includes fringe)
IIT Bombay (Sethi) and NEERI (Kumar)
Ansal Institute
Yr1
$51,600
$20,000
Total Labor (India)
Yr2
Yr3
Yr4
$51,600
$21,000
$51,600
$22,000
$51,600
$23,000
$71,600
$72,600
$73,600
$74,600
IIT Bombay (Sethi) and NEERI (Kumar)
Ansal Institute
$13,000
$4,000
$13,000
$4,000
$11,000
$4,000
$11,000
$4,000
Total Travel (India)
Equipment
IIT Bombay (Sethi) and NEERI (Kumar)
Ansal Institute
$17,000
$17,000
$15,000
$15,000
$12,000
$4,000
$10,000
$4,000
$0
$0
$0
$0
Total Equipment (India)
$16,000
$14,000
$0
$0
$440,676
$368,374
$36,087
$88,944
$934,081
TOTAL
$206,400
$86,000
$0
$0
$292,400
Travel
$48,000
$16,000
$0
$0
$64,000
$22,000
$8,000
$0
$0
$30,000
20
Project schedule
Assuming adequate levels of support for the project team, we plan for a 4-year effort in 5 partially
overlapping phases. A key milestone occurs in the later half of year 3 with a demonstration of the
integrated approach to air quality characterization. For planning purposes, the overall project period is 1
January 2011 – 31 Dec 2014.

Phase 1 (~ 9 months)
o
Phase 1a (~9 months) - community building, engaging stakeholders and partners and
identifying available data for the use in the prototype and where those data nodes will
be maintained for the India air quality network
o
Phase1b (~3 months) - identify existing data resources and make available for project

Phase 2 (~18 months) - create and test standard web service interfaces to the data and in
ensuring access to already existing services, and the registration of the services in an air quality
community web catalog connected with the GEOSS Common Infrastructure (GCI) and the
necessary interfaces to decision support tools

Phase 3 (~18 months) - application development using GCI and coordination with decision
support processes in air quality characterization

Phase 4 (~6 months) - demonstration of prototype GEOSS Air Quality Applications for India to
multiple air quality audiences and conducting workshops for learning how to work with the air
quality infrastructure, multiple sources of data, and analytical tools

Phase 5 (~12 months) Refine the prototype analysis system based on feedback from
demonstrations and workshops and develop a plan to transition to an operational status.
Figure 6.
21
Appendix A: References
Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), Ministry of Environment and Forests, "Comprehensive
Environmental Assessment of Industrial Clusters," Ecological Impact Assessment, Series: EIAS/5/200910,
December
2009.
http://moef.nic.in/downloads/publicinformation/Industrial%20Clusters_env_assessment.pdf
Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), Ministry of Environment and Forests, “Air Quality Monitoring,
Emission
Inventory
and
Source
Apportionment
for
Indian
Cities,”
2010
http://www.cpcb.nic.in/Source_Apportionment_Studies.php
Cherian, R., C. Venkataraman, A. Kumar, M.M. Sarin, A.K. Sudheer, S. Ramachandran (2010) Origin of
aerosols influencing atmospheric extinction: Integrating PMF and PSCF with emission inventories and
satellite observations, J. Geophys. Res., in review.
GEO 2005. Group on Earth Observations | Home. http://www.earthobservations.org/., 2005
Habib, G., C. Venkataraman, M. Shrivastava, R. Bannerji, J. Stehr and R. Dickerson (2004). New
methodology to estimate biofuel consumption in India: Atmospheric emissions of black carbon and
sulfur dioxide, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 18, GB3007, doi:10.1029/2003GB002157.
Hoff R.M. and S.A. Christopher. 2009. Remote Sensing of Particulate Pollution from Space: Have we
Reached the Promised Land? J. Air & Waste Manage. Assoc. 59: 645–675.
Husar R.B. Satellite Measurements of Atmospheric Aerosols. In: Aerosol Measurement: Principles,
Techniques, and Applications Baron P.A., K. Willeke, P. Kulkarni (Eds.) Wiley-Interscience, New York.
2010a.
Husar, R.B., E. Robinson, K. Hoijarvi, GEOSS Air Quality Community, User-defined console for India,
http://www.datafed.net/consoles/user_consoles.asp?view_states=CIESIN/CIESIN_GPW_map,SEAsia_E
missions/India/SE_ASIA_2006_Emissions_map,GSOD/India/GSOD_60Perc_YR_Fbext_map,MODIS/India/
MODIS_AOT_map,MISR/India/MISRm_map,OMI/AbsAerIndex/India/OMAERUV_Global_Monthly_map,
OMI/NO2/India/OMI_NO2_map,OMI/CHCO/India/OMHCHO_map&image_width=300&image_height=2
20&datetime=2007-05-24&title=GEOSS%20Global%20Datasets%20%20India&lat_min=7&lat_max=38&lon_min=68&lon_max=98, 2010b
Husar, R. B., and R. L. Poirot. 2005. DataFed and FASTNET: Tools for Agile Air Quality Analysis.
Environmental Manager (September): 39-41.
IGACO, 2004, The Integrated Global Atmospheric Chemistry Observation, for Monitoring of the
Environment from Space and from Earth, The Changing Atmosphere, An integrated Global Atmospheric
Chemistry Observation Theme for IGOS Partnership. ESA SP-1282, September 2004Report GAW No. 159
(WMO TD No. 1235), September.
Lindsay, F.; Lynnes, C.; Leptoukh, G.; Falke, S. R.; Robinson, E. M.; Hildenbrand, B.; Goussev, O.; Sommer,
P., Interoperability in an Atmospheric Composition Portal, American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting
2009.
Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas (MPNG), Government of India, “Auto Fuel Policy,” 2003
http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/files/autoeng.pdf
NRC, 2010. Global Sources of Local Pollution: An Assessment of Long-Range Transport of Key Air
Pollutants to and from the United States, National Research Council, National Academy Press.
22
Prados, A. I., R. Kleidman, and S. Christopher, Training Workshops: How to Use NASA Data and Tools for
Air Quality Applications, presented at the Earth Science Information Partners (ESIP) Annual Winter
Meeting, Washington D.C., January 5-7, 2010a. http://arset.gsfc.nasa.gov/
Prados, A. I., G. Leptoukh, C. Lynnes, J. Johnson, H. Rui, A. Chen, and R. Husar, et al., Access,
Visualization, and Interoperability of Air Quality Remote Sensing Data Sets Via the Giovanni Online Tool,
Special Issue on Heterogeneous data access and use for geospatial user communities, IEEE Journal of
Selected Topics in Earth Observations and Remote Sensing (JSTARS), accepted, February 2010b.
Venkataraman, C., G. Habib, A. Eiguren-Fernandez, A.H. Miguel and S.K. Friedlander (2005). Residential
biofuels in South Asia: Carbonaceous aerosol emissions and climate impacts, Science, 307(5714), 14241426.
Venkataraman, C., G. Habib, D. Kadamba, M. Shrivastava, J.-F. Leon, B. Crouzille, O. Boucher, and D. G.
Streets (2006), Emissions from open biomass burning in India: Integrating the inventory approach with
high-resolution Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) active-fire and land cover
data, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 20, GB2013, doi:10.1029/2005GB002547.
United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), State of the Environment: India, ISBN: 92-807-2014-7,
2001 http://envfor.nic.in/soer/2001/ind_air.pdf
23
Appendix B: Acronyms
Air Quality
AQ
Automotive Research Association of India
ARAI Pune,
Center for Development of Advanced Computing
CDAC
Comprehensive Environmental Pollution Index
CEPI
Community Multi-Scale Air Quality Model
CMAQ
Community Modeling and Analysis System
CMAS
Central Pollution Control Board
CPCB
Community of Practice
CoP
Component and Service Registry
CSR
Earth Observation
EO
Environmental Protection Agency
EPA
Federation of Earth Science Information Partners
ESIP
GEOSS Common Infrastructure
GCI
Group on Earth Observations
GEO
GEO Air Quality Community of Practice
AQ CoP
Global Earth Observing System of Systems
GEOSS
GEOSS Architecture Implementation Pilot – Phase 2
AIP-2
Goddard Interactive Online Visualization ANd aNalysis Infrastructure
GIOVANNI
India Air Quality Community of Practice
IAQ CoP
India Aerosol Science and Technology Association
IASTA
International Energy Agency
IEA
India Institute for Science
IISc,
India Institute for Technology
IITs
Indian Meteorological Department
IMD
Indian Space Research Organisation
ISRO
McDonnell Academy Global Energy and Environment Partnership
MAGEEP
Ministry of Environment and Forests
MoEF
National Ambient Monitoring Programme
NAMP
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NASA
National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI)
NEERI
National Institutes of Technology
NITs
24
Nitrogen Dioxide
NO2
Particulate Matter
PM
Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (RSPM)
RSPM
State Pollution Control Boards
SPCBs
Suspended Particulate Matter
SPM
Sulfur Dioxide
SO2
The Energy and Resources Institute
TERI
Visibility Information Exchange Web System
VIEWS
25
Appendix C: Personnel (2-page CVs)
26
Stefan R. Falke
Department of Energy, Environmental, and Chemical Engineering
Washington University in St. Louis
Campus Box 1180, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130
e-mail: stefan@wustl.edu
Northrop Grumman Information Systems
Suite 1740, 1010 Market Street, St. Louis, MO 63101
Phone: (314) 259-7908, e-mail: stefan.falke@ngc.com
Professional Appointments
2002–
Research Assistant Professor, Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical
Engineering, Washington University
2005–
Manager, Geospatial Information Services for Energy & Environment, Northrop
Grumman Corporation Information Systems, St. Louis, MO
2000–2002
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) Science and Technology
Policy Fellow, US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Environmental Information
1999–2000
University
Research Associate, Center for Air Pollution Impact and Trend Analysis, Washington
Education
1999
1993
1992
D.Sc. in Environmental Engineering, Washington University
M.S. in Engineering and Policy, Washington University
B.A. in Physics, Lehigh University
Active Research Projects
9/2006–8/2010
PI, Sensor-Analysis-Model Interoperability Technology Suite, NASA Earth Science
Technology Office
3/2010–9/2010
co-I, Cyberinfrastructure for Air Quality Management, US EPA Office of Air &
Radiation
1/2010-12/2010
PI, Integrating Global Change Information Systems, Northrop Grumman R&D
27
Teaching
2005-2006
Introduction to GIS, University College, Washington University
2003– 2005 Environmental Spatial Data Analysis, School of Engineering & Applied Science,
Washington Univ.
2003
Short course in spatial data analysis presented to EPA Office of Air and Radiation,
Washington D.C.
Professional Service
Lead, Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS), Working Group on Information Systems &
Services (WGISS), Atmospheric Science Interest Group
Co-lead, Air Quality and Health Working Group, Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS)
Architecture Implementation Pilot, Phase 2
Co-chair, Earth Science Information Partners Federation (ESIP) Air Quality Workgroup
Co-chair, Open Geospatial Consortium Earth Systems Science Workgroup
Co-chair Decision Support Systems, Air & Waste Management Association Aerosol and Atmospheric
Optics: Visual Air Quality and Radiation Balance Conference, 2008
Co-chair Web Based Information Systems, EPA International Emission Inventory Conference, 2006
Co-chair Decision Support Systems for Wildland Fire Management, EastFire Conference, 2005
Proposal Reviewer for the National Science Foundation, National Aeronautics and Space
Administration, US Environmental Protection Agency
Manuscript Reviewer for Atmospheric Environment, Journal of the Air & Waste Management
Association, Journal of Applied Meteorology, Journal of Geophysical Research
Selected Publications
Fairgrieve, S. , Makuch, J., and Falke, S. (2009), “PULSENet: An Implementation of Sensor Web
Standards,” 2009 International Symposium on Collaborative Technologies and Systems, Baltimore,
MD, May 18-22, 2009.
McCabe, D.C., P.G. Dickerson Jr., R.B. Husar, T.J. Keating, F.E. Lindsay, E.M. Robinson, S.R. Falke,
(2009), “The GEO Air Quality Community of Practice: a Call to Participate,” 33rd International
Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment (ISRSE), Stresa, Italy, May 3-8, 2009.
Falke, S.R., and Fialkowski, E., (2009), “Your Output is My Input: Collaborative Portals,” 18th
International Emission Inventory Conference: Comprehensive Inventories - Leveraging Technology and
Resources, Baltimore, MD, April 14-16, 2009.
Husar, R.B., Hoijarvi, K., Falke, S.R., Robinson, E.M., and Percivall, G.S. (2008), “DataFed: An
Architecture for Federating Atmospheric Data for GEOSS” IEEE Systems Journal, Vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 366371.
28
Falke, S., and Sullivan, D., (2008), “Processing Services in Earth Observation Sensor Web Information
Architectures: Using Sensor Webs for Air Quality Science and Applications Today, Tomorrow and
Yesterday,” Earth Science Technology Conference, University of Maryland, June 24-26, 2008.
Falke, S., and Husar R., (2008) “Web Resources for Sharing and Analyzing Information about Smoke
from the October 2007 Southern California Wildfires,” Air & Waste Management Association Aerosol
and Atmospheric Optics: Visual Air Quality and Radiation Balance Conference, Moab Utah, April 28May 2, 2008.
Falke, S., G. Stella, and T. Keating, (2007) "Cyberinfrastructure for Emissions Data and Tools," in
proceedings, 15th International Emission Inventory Conference: Reinventing Inventories - New Ideas
in New Orleans, US EPA, May 15-18, 2006.
Falke, S., E. Dorner, and Dunn B. (2007) “Sensor Observation Interoperability and Open Geospatial
Consortium (OGC) Specifications” in proceedings, Data Sharing and Interoperability on the Worldwide Sensor Web Workshop, IEEE, Boston, MA, April 22-24, 2007
Yuan Z., Ramaswami B., Casaletto D., Falke S., Angenent L. T. and Giammar D. E. (2007) “Evaluation of
chemical indicators for tracking and apportionment of phosphorus sources to Table Rock Lake in
Southwest Missouri” Water Research, Vol. 41, No. 7, pp. 1525-1533.
Falke, S., G. Stella, T. Keating, and B. Hemming, (2006) "Cyberinfrastructure for Emissions Data and
Tools," in proceedings, 15th International Emission Inventory Conference: Reinventing Inventories New Ideas in New Orleans, US EPA, May 15-18, 2006.
Falke, S., and S. Ambrose (2005) "Seeing Through Smoke – Earth Observations Enhance Fire and Smoke
Decision Support Systems in the Eastern United States" Earth Observation Magazine, vol. XIV, no. 6.
Falke, S.R., R.B. Husar, K. Höijärvi, and M. Parikh, (2005) “Using DataFed to Build Fire-related Web
Applications,” in proceedings, Earth-Sun System Technology Conference, University of Maryland, June
28-30, 2005.
Falke, S., G. Stella, T. Keating, and B. Hemming, (2004) “Data Management Challenges in Developing a
Network of Distributed North American Emissions Databases,” in proceedings, 13th International
Emission Inventory Conference: Working for Clean Air in Clearwater, US EPA, June 7-10, 2004.
Falke, S.R., (2002) “Environmental Data: Finding It, Sharing It, and Using It” Journal of Urban
Technology, 9, p. 111.
Falke, S.R., R.B. Husar and B.A. Schichtel, (2001) “Fusion of SeaWiFS and TOMS Satellite Data with
Surface Observations and Topographic Data During Extreme Aerosol Events,” Journal of Air & Waste
Management Association, 51, p. 1579.
29
Rudolf B. Husar
Center for Air Pollution Impact and Trend Analysis (CAPITA), Campus Box 1124,
Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130-4899.
Phone: (314) 935-6099 Fax: (314) 935-7211, e-mail: rhusar@wustl.edu
Professional Preparation
1962–66
Dipl. Ing. Mechanical Engineering, Technical University, Berlin, FRG.
1966-71
Ph.D. Mechanical Engineering, U. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, US.
1971-73
Post-Doctoral Fellow, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, US.
Appointments
2007-Present Professor, Energy, Environmental and Chemical Eng., Washington U. St. Louis, MO
1979-Present
Director, Center CAPITA, Washington University St. Louis, MO
1976-2007
Professor, Mechanical Engineering, Washington U. St. Louis, MO
1976-77
Visiting Professor, Meteorological Institute, Stockholm U., Sweden
1973-76
Associate Professor, Mechanical Engineering, Washington U. St. Louis, MO
Activities
Rudolf Husar is currently a Professor of Energy, Environment and Chemical Engineering at
Washington University St. Louis, MO. For over three decades Husar has been an active
researcher, advisor and teacher of air pollution, with special interest in atmospheric aerosols. He
has made pioneering contributions to the size distribution and composition of atmospheric
aerosol, regional and global scale distribution transport of atmospheric aerosols, and to long-term
air pollution pattern and trend analysis. Husar’s research has contributed to development of
NAAQS for PM2.5 and the associated Exceptional Event Rule. Since the 1970’s Husar has
demonstrated the application of Earth observing satellites to air quality management. Currently,
he is participating in the Global Earth Observing System of Systems (GEOSS) as a data architect
and systems designer. He is working on aerosol data accessibility, interoperability and sharing.
His particular interests are satellite and surface observations data, multi-sensory data integration.
He was a contributor to the Air Quality Criteria for Particulate Matter documents, served on
various National Science Foundation committees and EPA Clean Air Scientific Advisory
Committee (CASAC) committees. Professionally, Husar works on the combination of
atmospheric science and environmental informatics. He is the developer of the Federated Data
System, DataFed hosted at Washington University. He is the co-leader of the Earth Science
Information Partners (ESIP) Air Quality Workgroup. Lead air quality analyst for the Group on
Earth Observations (GEO) Task US-09-01a and lead of NASA Data Systems Web Services subgroup. Husar has promoted openness and inclusiveness in his activities as part of the
Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollution (HTAP) and International Global Atmospheric Chemistry
(IGAC) program. He demonstrates and encourages teamwork and the use of the web as a
communication/data-sharing medium.
Member, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 1998
Associate Editor, Atmospheric Systems, The Scientific World, 2001-present
30
Member of Editorial Board, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2000-present
Past Executive Editor, Atmospheric Environment
Chair WMO Panel on Global Aerosol Data System, Chair, 1991, 2006
WMO Panel on Space Observations of Tropospheric Aerosols, Group Leader, 1990
Thesis advisor and Postgraduate sponsor: Dr. B. A. Schichtel, NPS Air Resources Division, CIRA,
Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, Dr. Stefan Falke, Northrup Grumman Corp and Washington
Univesity, Dr. Fang Li, University of California, La Jolla, CA, Marin Bezic, MSc., Microsoft,
Redmond,WA.15 additional Ph.D. and Masters Theses and 21 post-doctoral associates and science
visitors since 1973.
Selected Publications
Scheffe, R.D., P.A. Solomon, R. ,Husar,, T. Hanley, M. Schmidt, M. Koerber, M. Gilroy, J.
Hemby, N. Watkins, M. Papp, J. Rice, Joann, J.Tikvart, R., Valentinetti.The National Ambient
Air Monitoring Strategy:Rethinking the Role of National Networks J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc.,
59, 579-590, 2009.
Hidy, G. M., J.R. Brook, J.C. Chow, M. Green, R.B. Husar, C. Lee, R.D. Scheffe, A.Swanson,
Aaron, J.G. Watson, Remote Sensing of Particulate Pollution from Space: Have We Reached
the Promised Land, J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc., 59, 1130-1139, 2009.
Husar, R.B., Hoijarvi, K., Falke, S.R., Robinson, E.M., Percivall, G.S., DataFed: An
Architecture for Federating Atmospheric Data for GEOSS, IEEE Systems Journal, 2, 366-373,
2008.
Husar, R.B., Poirot R.L., DataFed and FASTNET: Tools for Agile Air Quality Analysis,
Environmental Managers, Air & Waste Management Association, September 2005, 39-41,
2005.
Husar, R.B., D. M. Tratt, B. A. Schichtel, S. R. Falke, F. Li D. Jaffe, S. Gassó, T. Gill, N. S. Laulainen,
F. Lu, M.C. Reheis, Y. Chun, D. Westphal, B. N. Holben, C. Gueymard 1 I. McKendry, N. Kuring, G. C.
Feldman, C. McClain, R. J. Frouin, J.Merrill, D. DuBois, F. Vignola, T. Murayama, S. Nickovic, W.E.
Wilson, K.Sassen, N. Sugimoto, and W.C. Malm. The Asian Dust Events of April 1998.
(http://capita.wustl.edu/Asia-FarEast/) J. Geophys. Res., 106(D16), 18317-18330, 2001.
Chapters in Books
Husar, R.B., Intercontinental Transport of Dust - a Historical and Recent Observational Evidence. In:
Intercontinental Transport of Air Pollution, A. Stohl, Ed. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry,
4G, Springer Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg, New York , 2004.
Heintzenberg, J., F. Raes, S.E. Schwartz, I. Ackermann, P. Artaxo, T.S. Bates, C. Benkovitz, K. Bigg, T.
Bond, J.L. Brenguier, F.L. Eisele, J. Feichter, A.I. Flossmann, S. Fuzzi, H.F. Graf, J.M. Hales, H.
Herrmann, T. Hoffmann, B. Huebert, R.B. Husar, R. Jaenicke, B. Kärcher, Y. Kaufman, G.S. Kent, M.
Kulmala, C. Leck, C. Liousse, U. Lohmann, Tropospheric Aerosols. In: Brasseur, G.P., R.G. Prinn,
A.A.P. Pszenny, eds. Atmospheric Chemistry in a Changing World, The IGBP Series, Springer, 2003.
Husar, R.B., Sulfur and Nitrogen Emission Trends for the U.S. In: Industrial Metabolism:
Restructuring for Sustainable Development, R.U. Ayres and U.E. Simonis (Eds.), United
Nations University Press, Tokyo, 1994.
Husar, R.B., Ecosystem and the Biosphere: Metaphors of Human-Induced Material Flows. In:
Industrial Metabolism: Restructuring for Sustainable Development, R.U. Ayres and U.E.
Simonis (Eds.), United Nations University Press, Tokyo, 1994
Husar R.B. Historical Trends in Atmospheric Sulfur Deposition and Methods for Assessing
Long-Term Trends in Surface Water Chemistry, with T.J. Sullivan, D.F. Charles. In Acid
Deposition and Aquatic Ecosystems: Regional Case Studies, D.F. Charles (Ed.) SpringerVerlag, New York, 1991.
31
Husar R.B. and Husar J.D.Sulfur, In The Earth as Transformed by Human Action, B.L. Turner et
al. (Eds.) Cambridge University Press with Clark University, Cambridge, 1990.
32
Shawn McClure
Software Engineer
Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere (CIRA)
Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
Education
B.S. Computer Science, summa cum laude, Southwest Baptist University, 1990
B.S. Mathematics and Physics, summa cum laude, Southwest Baptist Univ., 1991
Professional Experience
Software Engineer, CIRA, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO (2002-Present)
Developed a relational database management system to import, verify, and manage national air quality
data and an enterprise-level suite of online tools for visualizing, analyzing, and disseminating the data on
the web; worked closely with scientists to develop standards and best practices for managing air quality
data and metadata. (Microsoft .Net Framework, VB.Net, ASP.Net, C#, IDL, Javascript, DHTML, MS SQL
Server, Transact-SQL, ADO, Windows Server, IIS)
Software Engineer, Crocker Nuclear Laboratory, Univ. of California, Davis (2005-2006)
Developed a relational database management system for managing the aerosol sampling data, site
metadata, instrument calibrations, operational and historical logs, and analysis metadata for the
IMPROVE monitoring network; developed online visualization and analysis tools for performing quality
assurance and validation of the data. (Microsoft .Net Framework, VB.Net, ASP.Net, C#, IDL, Javascript,
DHTML, MS SQL Server, Transact-SQL, ADO, Windows Server, IIS)
Software Engineer, PLM Technologies, Lakewood, CO (1997-2002)
Developed a web-based, enterprise-scale system to collect, manage, analyze, and present the electrical
and natural gas consumption data of all the state-owned facilities in the State of Florida. (Visual Basic,
Javascript, DHTML, ASP, Java, MS SQL Server, ODBC, ADO, Windows NT/2000)
Software Engineer, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Fort Collins, CO (1993-1997)
Developed a nationwide resource management and planning system for the regional field offices of the
Natural Resources Conservation Service; developed a mobile mapping application and decision support
system to facilitate onsite development of land owner conservation plans. (C++/C, X Windows, Visual
Basic, ASP, Javascript, Oracle, UNIX, ESRI Arc\Info, ESRI AML)
Software Engineer, Boeing Computer Services, Richland, WA (1991-1993)
Developed a mission-critical emergency response system for the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford
Nuclear Reservation utilizing real-time remote meteorological and air quality data to identify, assess,
33
and coordinate response to actual and potential hazardous material incidents. (C++/C, FORTRAN, UNIX,
X Windows, ESRI Arc\Info)
Software Engineer, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM (1990-1991)
Designed feedforward backpropagation neural networks and applied them to the development of
speech recognition and signal processing software that was later used to analyze the video tape
evidence in the Rodney King incident of 1991 in Los Angeles. (C++/C, UNIX, X Windows, CRAY XMP/YMP,
Connection Machine)
Representative Publications and Presentations
D. Chand, S. McClure, B. A. Schichtel, J. Huddleston, W. C. Malm, T. Moore: Inter-annual variation in NO2
over the United States, American Geophysical Union Conference, San Francisco, USA, Dec 14-18, 2009.
Ames, R.B., S.E. McClure, B.A. Schichtel, D.G. Fox, 2006: Examples of Web-Based Reporting and Analysis
Products from VIEWS and the WRAP TSS. AWMA 2006, New Orleans, LA
McClure, S.E., 2005: The WRAP Technical Support System: An Integrated Architecture for the
Management, Analysis, and Presentation of Monitoring, Modeled, and Emissions Data. WRAP
Attribution of Haze Workgroup Presentation 2006, Denver, CO
Ehman, J., S.E. McClure, T. Moore, 2006: Developing an Integrated Mapping and Analysis Tool for an
Online Decision Support System. Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) Grant Proposal (Awarded)
2006
Ames, R.B., S.E. McClure, B.A. Schichtel, D.G. Fox, 2005: The Visibility Information Exchange Web System
(VIEWS), Air Toxics Data Archive, and IMPROVE Web Sites: Database-driven Internet Sites for Access,
Intercomparison, and Online Analysis of Air Quality Data. AWMA 2005, Oak Brook, IL
McClure, S.E., 2004: The Visibility Information Exchange Web System (VIEWS): An Approach to
Deposition Data Management and Presentation. NADP Annual Conference 2004, Halifax, Nova Scotia
McClure, S.E., R.B. Ames, D.G. Fox, 2004: Developing a Unified Air Toxics Data Archive and Web System.
Presentation to the EPA Air Quality Analysis Group, OAQPS
McClure, S.E., R.B. Ames, 2003: Facilitating Regional Visibility Assessments and Air Quality Planning
through the Visibility Information Exchange Web System. National RPO Conference 2003, St. Louis, MO
McClure, S.E., T. Thomas, G. Papcun, 1990: The Application of a Feedforward Backpropagation Neural
Network to Signal Processing and Noise Reduction. 1663: Los Alamos Science and Technology Magazine
Representative Online Products
Visibility Information Exchange Web System (VIEWS): http://views.cira.colostate.edu
The WRAP Technical Support System (TSS): http://vista.cira.colostate.edu/tss
34
The Air Toxics Data Archive (ATDA): http://vista.cira.colostate.edu/atda
35
RASHMI S. PATIL
Name
: Prof. (Ms.) Rashmi S. Patil
Designation &
: Professor
Address
Centre for Environmental Science & Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay 400076
INDIA
Fax
: 091-22-2572 3480 & 2576 4650
Telephone
: (022) 2572 2545 Ext. 7858 and 2576 7858
email
: rspatil@iitb.ac.in
Date of birth
: 26th March 1946
RESEARCH INTERESTS :
Air Pollution Dispersion Modelling; Indoor Air Quality and Exposure Assessment; Air Quality
Monitoring and Management; Aerosol Science; Environmental Impact Assessment.
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:
Ph.D. (Physics), 1971, Delhi University
M.Sc. (Physics), 1967, Rajasthan University (Gold Medal)
PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE :
Rashmi S. Patil is a Professor at CESE, IIT Bombay, and has been involved in the teaching,
research and consultancy services in Environmental Science and Engineering at this institute
since last 30 years. Her teaching and research has been in the field of atmospheric dispersion
modelling, air pollution monitoring, assessment of integrated human exposure to air pollution
and environmental impact assessment. She has guided about 50 postgraduate students, eight
doctorate thesis and has about 70 technical research papers in national and international
journals.
Prof. Patil's research work on air quality dispersion models for stationary, mobile and area
sources has been used for various applications like monitoring site selection, impact
assessment and emission standard formulation. She has worked on a sponsored Indo-US
collaborative research project on Urban and Regional Scale Air Quality Modelling with North
36
Carolina State University, Raleigh. She has also been involved in conducting Environmental
Impact Assessment of several developmental projects like power plant, fertilizer, port and
harbor, highways and railways. She has coordinated a nationwide study on Status of EIA in
India under the aegis of UNDP. Currently, another area of her research interest is monitoring
and risk assessment of integrated human exposure to air pollution for low/middle socioeconomic
group of population.
Professor Patil has coordinated several training programs and workshops on EIA, Air Quality
Management, and Environmental Science and Engineering Education under the sponsorship of
World Bank, GTZ-FRG, UNDP etc. She has been a member of several professional national
committees like Formulation of Air Quality Modelling Guidelines, Committee of Environmental
Planning and Coordination and Environmental Health and Risk Assessment.
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS IN JOURNALS (SELECTED)
“Estimation of Air Pollutant Emission Loads from Constructional and Operational Activities of a
Port and Harbour in Mumbai, India”, Joshy Joseph, Rashmi S. Patil and S.K. Gupta,
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, Vol. 159, Issue 1, 85-98, Dec. 2009.
*”Prediction of Air Pollution Concentration Using an In situ Real Time Mixing Height Model”,
Sunita Nath and Rashmi S. Patil, Atmospheric Environment 40, 3816-3822, 2006.
“Particulate Respiratory Dose to Indian Women from Domestic Cooking”, S.K. Varghese,
Gangamma S., Rashmi S. Patil and V. Sethi, Aerosol Science and Technology, 39 (12), 12011205, 2005.
“A Composite Receptor and Dispersion Model Approach for Estimation of Effective Emission
Factors for Vehicles”, A. Vinod Kumar, Rashmi S. Patil and K.S.V. Nambi, Atmospheric
Environment, 38, 7065-7072, 2004.
“Modelling the Size Separated Particulate Matter from Vehicular Exhaust at Traffic Intersections
in Mumbai”, S.B. Gokhale and Rashmi S. Patil, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 98,
23-40, 2004.
*“Cluster Analysis of Delhi’s Ambient Air Quality Data” by S. Saksena, V.Joshi and Rashmi S.
Patil. Jnl. of Envtl. Monitoring, Published by Royal Soc. of Chem., 5, 491-499, 2003.
*“Exposure of Infants to Outdoor & Indoor Air Pollution in Low Income Urban Areas – A Case
Study of Delhi”, Sumeet Saksena, P.B. Singh, R.K. Prasad, Preeti Malhotra, Veena Joshi and
Rashmi S. Patil. Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology, 2003, 13, 219230.
*“An Empirical Model to Predict Indoor NOx Concentrations” Milind M. Kulkarni and Rashmi S.
37
Patil, Atmospheric Environment, Vol.36, 4777-4785, 2002,
*“Source Apportionment of Suspended Particulate Matter at Two Traffic Junctions in Mumbai
India”, A Vinod Kumar, Rashmi S. Patil and K.S.V. Nambi, Atmospheric Environment 35, 4245,
2001.
Daily Integrated Exposure of Outdoor Workers to Respirable Particulate Matter in an Urban
Region of India", M.M. Kulkarni and Rashmi S. Patil, Environmental Monitoring and
Assessment, 56:128-146, 1999.
*"Factors Influencing Personal Exposure to Nitrogen Dioxide in an Indian Metropolitan Region",
M.M. Kulkarni and Rashmi S. Patil, Indoor Built Environment , 7, 319-332, Aug. 1998,.
PROJECTS UNDERTAKEN ( SELECTED)
Sampling and Analysis Techniques for Bioaerosols : Standardization and Field Evaluation for
Airborne Endotoxin, Sponsored by Dept. of Sc. & Tech., GOI, 2008-2011.
Development of Air Pollution Source Profiles for Indian Cities, Project by CPCB, Virendra Sethi
and Rashmi S. Patil, 2006-2008.
Comparative Study of Traditional and Improved Chulhas with respect to Indoor Air Pollution;
Collaboration with IWSA and sponsored by MNES, Delhi, 2000-2003.
Indo-US Collaborative Research Project on "Modelling of Urban and Regional Scale Air
Pollution in India" Sethuraman, NCSU, Raleigh U.S., R.V. Madala, NRL, Washington, US and
Rashmi S Patil, IIT Bombay, Sponsored by USIF and ONR/NRL (1997-2004).
"Monitoring of Human Exposure to Air Pollution in Highly Industrial Area" Sponsored by CPCB,
Delhi, (1994 - 1997); Rashmi S. Patil.
38
Dr. ANA I. PRADOS, co-I
Education
Ph.D. Chemistry, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD, 2000.
M.S. Public Policy Candidate, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD, 2011.
B.S. Chemistry and Physics, New College of Florida, Sarasota, Florida, 1992.
Research Experience
Research Assistant Professor, University of Maryland Baltimore County (UMBC)
Baltimore, Maryland and NASA GSFC, Oct. 2005- Present
Visiting Research Scientist, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
NOAA/NESDIS, Camp Springs, MD, Oct. 2003- Dec. 2006.
National Research Council Post-Doctoral Fellow, Naval Research Laboratory.
Washington, D.C, Jan. 2001-Oct. 2003.
NASA Air Quality Applied Remote Sensing Trainings and Outreach: Currently leading Air
Quality Applied Remote Sensing Trainings for the NASA Applied Sciences Program
 Led the Development of 19 Training Modules on the basics of remote sensing and NASA Air
Quality Data Products. Developed many additional modules on decision-support tools.
 Developed and led 7 remote sensing training workshops in the U.S and Europe since 2009.
Co-lead trainings in Central America.
 Trained U.S state and Federal regulators, air quality forecasters, modelers, scientists, and
World Bank employees in Applied Air Quality Remote Sensing via collaboration with host
institutions. Tailored trainings to their various levels of expertise and application areas.
 Developed Case Studies for dust, industrial emissions, and smoke applications.
 Published bi-weekly online analysis of U.S air quality for the general public from 2006 to
2009 relying on U.S monitor and NASA global satellite observations.
Air Quality Decision-Support Tool Development: Provide policy makers, regulatory
agencies, and the public with better access to remote sensing data for tracking air pollutants
 Collaborated with a team of scientists from various federal agencies and academic
institutions as a co-I in the design of the NASA ROSES “Three Dimensional Air Quality
System”.
 Developed an Air Quality capability for NASA Goddard’s Giovanni web-based tool by
integrating EPA chemical pollutant data to enable surface and satellite inter-comparisons.
 Represented the Giovanni team at the Group on Earth Observations (GEO) Air Quality
Implementation Pilot I to enable interoperability between Giovanni and other web-tools.
 Provided Satellite Data expertise for the VIEWS web-tool application as co-I in the NASA
ROSES " Improving an Air Quality Decision Support System through the Integration of
Satellite data with Ground-based, Modeled, and Emissions Data”.
Satellite Remote Sensing Algorithm Retrieval and Validation
 Managed and provided improvements to the GOES Aerosol and Smoke Product (GASP)
computer algorithm at NOAA’s National Environmental Satellite Data Information System.
 Improved and reduced noise in the Polar Ozone and Aerosol Measurement Instrument
(POAM) ozone data algorithm.
 Validated OMI NO2, MODIS AOD, GASP AOD, and POAM ozone data by comparisons to
AERONET, EPA surface monitor data, and aircraft observations.
39

Examined Trends in OMI NO2 over the continental U.S as co-I in the NASA ROSES
“Monitoring Air Quality Effects of Anthropogenic Emissions Reductions and Estimating
Emissions from Natural Sources”
Global Air Quality Modeling: Assessed the impact of U.S industrial emissions on the North
Atlantic Ocean using 3D Chemical Transport Model.
Public Policy Experience
Washington D.C. Council of Governments Air Quality Technical Advisory Committee
Stakeholder Representative, 2009 - Present
State of Virginia Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Implementation Workgroup, 2008
Fairfax County Federation of Civic Associations, Environmental Committee, 2006-present
Joint Activities with Local and State Decision-Makers
 Advise governments in the Washington D.C metro area and state regulatory agencies on
regional air pollution and climate mitigation strategies, such as revisions to National Ambient
Air Quality Standards, renewable fuel standards, and mobile source emissions inventories.
 Review and assess Environmental Impact Statements (EIS) and scientific modeling analysis
of air pollutants for integration into local policy initiatives.
 Develop County greenhouse gas emissions reduction strategies with locally elected officials.
 Develop State of Virginia interim policies for PM2.5 including Prevention of Significant
Deterioration (PSD) increment analysis, Significant Impact Levels (SILs), and secondary
PM2.5 impacts with local and state regulators and stakeholders.
Selected Publications






Prados, A. I., et al., Access, Visualization, and Interoperability of Air Quality Remote
Sensing Data Sets Via the Giovanni Online Tool, Special Issue on Heterogeneous data access
and use for geospatial user communities, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Earth
Observations and Remote Sensing (JSTARS), accepted, 2010.
Neil, D., Kondragunta, S., Osterman, G., Pickering, K., Prados, A., I, and Szykman. J.,
Satellite Observations for Detecting and Tracking Changes in Atmospheric Composition,
Environmental Management Featured Article, Air and Waste Management Association,
October 2009.
Hoff, R., H. Zhang, N. Jordan, A. I. Prados, J. Engel-Cox, A. Huff, S. Weber, E. Zell, S.
Kondragunta, J. Szykman, B. Johns, F. Dimmick, A. Wimmers. J. Al-Saadi, and C. Kittaka,
Applications of the Three-Dimensional Air Quality System (3D-AQS) to Western U.S Air
Quality: IDEA, Smog Blog, Smog Stories, and AirQuest, Journal of the Air and Waste
Management Association, AW-08-00147, 2009.
Prados, A. I., S. Kondragunta, P. Ciren, and K. Knapp, The GOES Aerosol/ Smoke Product
(GASP) over North America: Comparisons to AERONET and MODIS Observations, J.
Geophys. Res., 112, D15201 doi:10.1029/2006JD007968., 2007
Prados, A. I., G. E. Nedoluha, R. M. Bevilacqua, D. R. Allen, K. W. Hoppel, and A.
Marenco, POAM III Ozone in the upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere: seasonal
variability and comparisons to aircraft observations, J. Geophys. Res., 4218, 108,
doi:10.1029/2002JD002819, 2003.
Prados, A. I., R. R. Dickerson, B. G. Doddridge, P. A. Milne, J. T. Merrill, and J. L. Moody,
Transport of Ozone and Pollutants from North America to the North Atlantic Ocean During
the 1996 Atmosphere/Ocean Chemistry Experiment (AEROCE) Intensive, J. Geophys. Res.,
104, 26,219-26,233, 1999.
40
Uma Shankar
Education/Training
North Carolina State University M.N.E., Nuclear Engineering 1986
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill M.S., Physics 1979
University of North Carolina at Wilmington B.S., Physics & Mathematics 1975
Professional Experience
2003 – Present: Research Associate, University of North Carolina – Institute for the Environment,
Center for Environmental Modeling for Policy Development, Chapel Hill, NC; Principal Investigator
of various modeling studies within and outside the U.S. to develop and/or evaluate models for
particulate matter (PM) chemistry and microphysics in the Community Multiscale Air Quality
Modeling (CMAQ) system, and in the coupled meteorology-chemistry model, METCHEM against
field observations, surface network measurements and remotely sensed data.
1992 – 2002: Research Scientist, MCNC–Environmental Modeling Center, Research Triangle Park,
NC. Developed the PM module in the Multiscale Air Quality Simulation Platform, and ported the
code to Models-3 for the initial prototype of the CMAQ aerosol module; developed and performed
preliminary testing of the Denver Air Quality Model Version 2 Modeling System; provided the
jumpstart modeling support (CMAQ performance analysis, tools and modeling protocol) for the
Western Regional Air Partnership.
1989 – 1992: Senior Computer Specialist, Computer Sciences Corporation, Research Triangle Park,
NC. Developed and tested the EPA Regional Particulate Model under an EPA contract.
Honors and Awards
NOAA/EPA Certificate of Appreciation for the successful completion of Models-3 system, March
1999.
Professional Affiliations
Air & Waste Management Association, American Geophysical Union, American Association for
Aerosol Research (AAAR), Sigma Xi.
Professional Service Activities
Participant in Global Earth Observing System of Systems (GEOSS) Architecture Implementation
Pilot Phase 2 (AIP-2) project to develop a Common Infrastructure for data sharing in Air Quality.
information on end users’ data needs
Member, Earth Science Information Partnership (ESIP) Federation.
-2009) and research coordinator (2009-present) for the
Community Modeling and Analysis System (CMAS) Center’s modeling applications.
a pilot training course with NASA contractors on satellite data products for air quality
in 2009; currently coordinate and help teach the course through the CMAS Center
41
-Agriculture peer review panel
(2009); EPA-STAR peer review panel (2005 and 2009).
Uma Shankar
42
– Atmospheres, Geophysical Research Letters, and
Atmospheric Environment.
an Association for the Advancement
of Science to scope out a capacity-building project in India for regional climate change assessments.
Selected Publications/Presentations
Ackermann, I. J., H. Hass, M. Memmesheimer, A. Abel, F. S. Binkowski, and U. Shankar, 1998:
MADE: Modal Aerosol Dynamics Model for Europe: Development and first applications, Atmos.
Environ. 32, 2981-2999.
Binkowski, F. S., and U. Shankar, 1995: The Regional Particulate Matter Model 1. Model description
and preliminary results, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 21,191 - 21,209.
Kelly, J.T., P.V. Bhave, C.G. Nolte, U. Shankar, and K.M. Foley, 2009: Simulating emission and
chemical evolution of coarse sea-salt particles in the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ)
model, Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., 2, 1335-1374.
Mathur, R., U. Shankar, A. F. Hanna, M. T. Odman, et al., 2005: Multiscale Air Quality Simulation
Platform (MAQSIP): Initial applications and performance for tropospheric ozone and particulate
matter, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D13308, doi:10.1029/2004JD004918.
Shankar, U., B. Henderson, S. Arunachalam, Z. Adelman, N. Davis, L. Ran, E. Adams, M. Barna,
and M. Rodriguez, Evaluation of CMAQ performance during the Rocky Mountain Atmospheric
Nitrogen and Sulfur (RoMANS) Study. Presented at the 8th Annual CMAS Conference, Chapel Hill,
NC, October 19-21, 2009.
Shankar, U., and L. Husain, 2008: Evaluation of aerosol model performance in a coupled
meteorology-chemistry model against speciated measurements. Presented at the A&WMA Specialty
Conference on Aerosol and Atmospheric Optics: Visual Air Quality and Radiation, Moab, UT, April
28–May 2, 2008.
Shankar, U., J. Kelly and P.V. Bhave, 2007: Development of a Modal Aerosol Module with an
Efficient Non-equilibrium Treatment of Size-Dependent Gas-Particle Mass Transfer. Presented at the
First International Aerosol Modeling Algorithms Conference, Davis, CA, December 5-7, 2007.
Shankar, U., The Cyclical Relationships of Climate Change, Forest Biomass, Fire Emissions and
Atmospheric Aerosol Loadings, 2006: An Integrated Modeling Study. In Proceedings of the 3rd
International Fire Ecology & Management Congress, San Diego, CA, November 13-17, 2006.
Shankar, U., A. Xiu, D. Streets, J.M. Vukovich, M.S. Reddy, C. Venkataraman, R. Mathur, A.F.
Hanna, F.S. Binkowski, and S. Arunachalam, 2005a: Evaluation of a coupled meteorology-chemistry
model against INDOEX. In Proceedings of the Asian Aerosol Conference-2005, Mumbai, India,
December 13-16, 2005.
Shankar, U., P. V. Bhave, J. M. Vukovich, and S. J. Roselle, 2005b: Implementation and Initial
Applications of Sea Salt Aerosol Emissions and Chemistry Algorithms in the CMAQ v4.5 - AERO4
Module. Presented at the 4th Annual CMAS Models-3 Users’ Conference, Chapel Hill, NC,
September 26-28, 2005. http://www.cmascenter.org/html/2005_conference/ppt/p6.pdf
Shankar, U., R. Mathur, and F. S. Binkowski, 2002: WRAP Experience: Investigating Model Biases. In
Proceedings of the1st CMAS Models-3 Users’ Conference, October 21-23, 2002, Research Triangle Park,
NC.
43
VIRENDRA SETHI
Professor & Head
Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering
IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076
email : vsethi@iitb.ac.in
Office :(022) 2576 7851
Cell : 91 98 207 87 567
EDUCATION
1996 Ph.D.
Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio.
1990 M.S.
Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio.
1984 A.E.P.
Advanced Entry Programme (First Year) National Institute of Design, Ahmedabad.
1983 B.Tech
Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Bombay, India.
TEACHING AND RESEARCH INTERESTS
Combustion Aerosols, Energy and Environment, Aerosol Processes, Air Quality Management.
RESEARCH AND PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE
2000-Present
Professor, Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, IIT Bombay, Powai,
Mumbai.
1999-2000
Research Professor, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati
1996-1999
Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati.
1994- 1999
Oak Ridge Fellow, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education,
Postgraduate Research Program, on appointment at the National Risk Management
Research Laboratory, USEPA, Cincinnati.
1991-94
Graduate Research Assistant, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati.
Project funded by Drinking Water Research Division, U.S. EPA.
1990-91
Research Scientist, California State Department of Health, Berkeley Project funded
by National Science Foundation and conducted jointly at the University of California,
Berkeley and California Public Health Services, Berkeley.
1988-90
Graduate Research Assistant, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati. Project funded
by USEPA, Research Triangle Park, Raleigh, NC.
1984-87
Production Engineer, Oil & Natural Gas Commission (ONGC), Bombay Offshore
Project, India.
44
1983-84
National Institute of Design, Ahmedabad
 Graduate studies in industrial design, ergonomics and product design..
1982-83
Senior Project, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Bombay.
 Designed and conducted experiments for membrane development, and a
feasibility study for concentrating sucrose solution using a reverse osmosis process.
REFEREED JOURNALS PUBLICATIONS (Partial List)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Sethi, V., and Biswas, P., "Modeling of Particle Formation and Dynamics in a Flame Incinerator",
Journal of Air & Waste Management Association, 40 : 42-46 (1990)
Sethi, V. and Biswas, P., "Fundamental Studies on Particulate Emissions from Hazardous Waste
Incinerator", Remedial Action, Treatment, and Disposal of Hazardous Waste, Proceedings of
Annual USEPA-RREL Hazardous Waster Research Symposium (16th ), Cincinnati, Ohio, April 35, 1990.
Lin, W. Y., Sethi, V., Biswas, P., "Multicomponent Aerosol Dynamics of the Pb-O2 System in a
Bench Scale Flame Incinerator”, Aerosol Science & Technology, 17 : 199-133 (1993).
Sethi, V., and John, W., " Particle Impaction Patterns from a Circular Jet”, Aerosol Science &
Technology, 18 :1-10 (1993).
John, W., and Sethi, V., "Breakup of Latex Doublets by Impaction", Aerosol Science &
Technology, 19 : 57-68 (1993).
John, W, and Sethi, V., " Threshold for Resuspension by Particle Impaction", Aerosol Science &
Technology, 19 :60-79 (1993).
Sethi, V., Patnaik, P., Biswas, P., Clark R.M., and Rice, E.W. "Evaluation of Optical Detection
Methods for Waterborne Suspensions", Journal of the American Water Works Association, 89 (2)
: 98-112,(1997).
Clark, R.M. Adams, J.Q. Sethi, V., and Sivaganesan, M., "Controlling Microbial Contaminants and
Disinfection By-products in Drinking Water : Cost and Performance", (Accepted in AQUA).
Sethi, V., and Clark, R.M., "Cost Estimation Models for Drinking Water Treatment Unit
Processes", (Accepted for publication in IJEMS Special Issue).
10.
Coauthor, Chapter on Drinking Water in Handbook of Environmental Engineering, Ed. Robert
Corbitt, McGraw Hill (New edition under revision), 1998.
12.
Selvakumar,N., Parikh, P.P., and Sethi, V., “ Size Distribution of Particulate Matter in Biomass
Producer gas”, MNES Project Number 203/01/13/2001-BM (Manuscript under Preparation)
Tiwari, V., Jiang, J., Sethi, V. and Biswas, P, “One step synthesis of noble metal-titanium dioxide
nanocomposites in a Flame Aerosol Reactor”, 2008, Applied Catalysis A: General, 345(2), 241246
Basak, S.; Tiwari, V.; Fan, J.; Achilefu, S.; Sethi, V.; Biswas, P., “One step bottom-up synthesis of
core-Fe2O3/ SiO2 nanocomposite and surface functionalize with Cypate-II for
biomedical applications”, Advanced Materials, 2007, Under Review
Tiwari, V., Bellare, J., Sethi, V. and Biswas, P, “Single step synthesis and characterization of
naosized crystalline calcium phosphate apatite (Hydroxyapatite (HA), Tricalcium Phosphate
(TCP) and biphasic HA/TCP) using high temperature Furnace Aerosol Reactor (FUAR), To be
Submitted to Journal of American Ceramic Society)
13.
14.
15.
Ph.D. THESES GUIDANCE
1. Radiation effects of anthropogenic aerosols on global climate (Completed)
2. Injection Process and Spray Characteristics as Influenced by Fuel Rates and Fuel Viscosities
(Completed)
3. Characterization and Source Apportionment of Ambient PM2.5 and PM10 in Mumbai and Pune
(Completed)
45
4. Tar and Particulate Matter Assessment and Control in Biomass Thermo-chemical Gasification
Systems (Completed)
5. High Temperature Gas Phase Synthesis and Characterisation of Nano-composites for Possible
Biomedical and Catalyst Applications (Presynopsis Completed)
6. Spatial and Temporal Integration of Satellite Remote Sensing Data for Air Quality (In progress)
SPONSORED AND CONSULTANCY PROJECTS(Partial List)
1.
Characterisation of Particulate Matter in Biomass Based Producer Gas From Different Types of
Gasifiers, Ministry of Non-Conventional Energy Sources (Now MNRE)
2. Studies for Design of Systems for Removal of Tar and Particulate Matter from Producer Gas (For IC
Engine and Gas Turbine Applications), Ministry of Non-Conventional Energy Sources (Now MNRE)
3.. High Temperature Gas Phase Synthesis and Characterisation of Tailored Ultra Fine Powders
Department of Science and Technology, Government of India, New Delhi
4. Development of Air Pollution Source Profiles, Central Pollution Control Board, New Delhi.
46
Prof. M.P. Singh
Prof. M.P. Singh, a Fulbright Scholar, earned Ph.D. from University of Maryland, USA
after which he joined the Cornell University where he worked in the 60s followed by 1year stint at NASA.
On returning to India, Prof. M.P. Singh was one of the founding faculty members of the
prestigious IIT–Delhi. At his initiative, a Centre for Atmospheric Sciences was set-up at
IIT Delhi; today it is the leading research center of the country well known internationally
for its work in climate research, cyclone prediction and air quality modeling. Prof. Singh
has supervised 27 PhDs and has published over 100 research papers in journals of
International repute. He is the co-author of the book, (written jointly with Prof. Sethu
Raman) titled “Dynamics of Atmospheric Flow” published under the ‘Advances in Fluid
Mechanic Series, UK’. He has been one of the Guest Editors of the special issues (on Air
Quality) of the prestigious international journal “Atmospheric Environment” which
appeared in 1991 and 1995. He had been on the Editorial Board of the journal
“Atmospheric Environment” (1988–94); “Non-linear World” (1992 -96) and “Advances in
Fluid Mechanics Series” under the aegis of Computational Mechanics Publications, UK
(1994 – 1998). The prestigious journal, “Pure and Applied Geophysics”, (PAGEOPH, a
Switzerland based journal) has brought out a special edition - a book entitled “Weather and
Climate: The M.P. Singh Volumes I & II”, in honor of Prof. M.P. Singh with leading
experts from all over the world as contributors. Recently, a book entitled “Air Quality”, a
PAGEOPH Topical Volume with Prof. Singh as one of the guest editors of the prestigious
publication by Birkhauser Verlag, Basel. Boston. Berlin has appeared in early 2003.
Prof. M.P. Singh directed several International conferences & workshops on topics related
to Environment in India, Italy and Brunei. At AIT, he has provided leadership to organize
three International Conferences, one on Industry - Academic Interaction and the other two
on Nanotechnology in 2006, 2007 and 2009 respectively.
The proceedings of
Nanotechnology Conference, after peer review, have been brought out in special issue (s)
of the prestigious "International Journal of Nanotechnology" and the proceedings of 2009
Conference would also be brought out in a special issue of the prestigious International
Journal of Nanotechnology.
Prof. Singh was a visiting Professor at Cambridge University (for one year) in 1973. He
has been a Visiting Professor at several Universities including University of Alabama,
USA; University of Brunei; University of Calgary, Canada; University of Kuwait;
University of Reading, UK; National Institute of Informatics & Automatics, Paris, France;
National Institute for Research & Environment, Japan. Prof. Singh has visited China &
Poland as a guest of the respective Academies.
Prof. Singh has played a trail-blazing role in developing multidisciplinary programs in the
country. He represented India in the scientific delegation to the then Soviet Union in 1988
and in the Indo-US Sub-commission on Science & Technology in 1985 and 1987. He was a
member of the Indian delegation to attend the prestigious Science & Technology initiative
meet in 1983, the so-called Blue Ribbon Panel on Meteorology set up by the then Indian
Prime Minister, Mrs. Indira Gandhi and then US President, Mr. Ronald Reagan. He was a
member of ICSU International Committee for the International Decade for Natural Disaster
Reduction during 1990-92.
Other Contribution: After retirement from IIT - Delhi, Prof. M.P. Singh has been
47
spearheading Ansal Institute of Technology, Gurgaon as its founder Director since 2000.
Today, Ansal Institute of Technology is a leading Institute in the country to provide higher
education in professional fields. It has established International reputation for its US based
collaborative education.
Awards: Prof. M.P. Singh is a fellow of the Indian National Science Academy, Delhi; a
Fellow of the National Academy of Sciences, Allahabad, and had been the President,
Indian Mathematical Society; President, Physical Sciences Section of the National
Academy of Sciences, Allahabad and Sectional President (Math), Indian Science Congress
Association. Prof. Singh had been a member of the National Board for Higher
Mathematics (1987 – 92). He was given the 4th Dr. Y. S. Parmar Gold Medal and Oration
Award, 1984 and was UGC National Lecturer during the year 1976 -77.
Prof. M.P. Singh has been awarded Knight of the Order of Academic Palms by the
Prime Minister of French Republic in November 2008. The Order of Academic Palms
is one of the oldest civil distinctions in France and was created by Napoleon in 1808.
Selected Publications
1. Bhopal Gas Tragedy: Model simulation of the dispersion scenario: Journal of Hazardous
Materials, 1987, 17, 1-22, with S. Ghosh.
2. Vulnerability analysis for airborne release of extremely hazardous substances: Atmospheric
Environment, 1990, 24 A, 4, 769-781.
3. A Mathematical model for the Oleum leakage in Delhi: Atmospheric Environment, 1990, 24 A, 4,
735-741, with Manju Kumari and S. Ghosh.
4. Analysis of vertical dispersion of an elevated plume using video digitization: Atmospheric
Environment, 1990, 24A, 4, with B. Templeman, Sethuraman and S. Nigam.
5. Atmospheric Dispersion of inflammable substances for estimating vulnerable zones in
Hydrocarbon Industry: Risk Analysis, (1991-Sept issue), with Manju Mohan and T.S. Panwar.
6. Predicted and observed concentration of SO2, SPM and NOx over Delhi: Atmos. Environ., 1990,
24A, 783-788, with P.Goyal, T.S.Panwar, P.Agarwal, S.Nigam and N.Bagchi,
7. Mathematical model for atmospheric dispersion in low winds with eddy diffusivities as linear
functions of downwind distance: Atmospheric Environment, 1996, 30, 1137-1145, with Maithili
Sharan and Anil Kumar Yadav
8. Surface layer turbulence processes in low wind speeds over land: Atmospheric Environment,
1995, 29, 2089-2098, with P. Agarwal, A.K.Yadav, A. Gulati, Sethu Raman, Suman Rao,
S.Nigam and N. Reddy
9. A mathematical model for the dispersion of air pollutants in low wind conditions: Atmospheric
Environment, 1996, 30, 2595-2606, with Maithili Sharan, A.K.Yadav, P. Agarwal and S. Nigam
10. Atmospheric dispersion in low wind conditions. Proceedings of the First World Congress of
Nonlinear Analysts, p.3567-3593, Tampa, Florida, Aug 19-26, 1992, Editor V. Lashmikantham,
Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, New York (1996) with Anil Kumar Yadav, Maithili Sharan
11. Comparison of sigma schemes for estimating air pollutant dispersion in low winds: Atmospheric
Environment, 1995, 29, 2051-2059. with Maithili Sharan and Anil Kumar Yadav
12. Forecasting Daily Maximum Surface Ozone Concentrations in Brunei Darussalam - an ARIMA
Modeling Approach: Journal of Air and Waste Management Association, 2004, 54, No.7, 809814, with Krishan Kumar, A.K. Yadav, H. Hassan and V. K. Jain
48
Dr. A. K. YADAV
Education:
Ph.D., 1995
Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India
M.Sc. Mathematics, 1989
Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi
Experience:
Present Position
Dean, Ansal Institute of Technology, Gurgaon, Haryana, India since Aug 2007
Responsible for the Overall Planning & Development
Previous Positions
Professor, Ansal Institute of Technology, Gurgaon, Haryana, India (since Aug 2006)
Associate Professor, Ansal Institute of Technology, Gurgaon, Haryana, India (Aug 2004 to July
2006)
Assistant Professor, Ansal Institute of Technology, Gurgaon, Haryana, India (May 2001 to July
2004)
Senior Lecturer, Dept. of Applied Mathematics, G.J. University, Hisar, India (Mar 2000 to May
2001)
Post doctoral Fellow, San Jose State University, San Jose, California, USA (June to August 2000)
Lecturer, Dept. of Applied Mathematics, G.J. University, Hisar, Haryana, India (Mar 1996 to March
2000)
Visiting Scholar, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA (April 1995 to July 1995)
Senior Scientific Officer, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi (Sept 1993 to April 1995)
Research Fellow, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi (July1989 to August 1993)
Fellowships:
Research Fellowship based on GATE (Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering, All-India) during Ph.D.
Qualified NET (National Eligibility Test) conducted jointly by Council of Science & Industrial
Research
and University Grants Commission (UGC) for Research Fellowship and Lecturer-ship
Honors:
Received HP 2009 Innovation in Education grant worth $170,000
Nominated twice (1999, 2000) for the Young Scientists Award of Indian National Science Academy
(INSA) New Delhi
Leadership Award by IUCEE (Indo-US Collaboration for Engineering Education)
Academic Visits Abroad (on Invitation):
49
Jan-Feb 2009: Visiting Professor, North Dakota State Univ., Clemson Univ., North Carolina State
Univ.,
Nov 2006: Visiting Professor, University of Science & Technology, Lille, France
June-Aug 2000: Post doctoral Fellow, San Jose State University, San Jose, California, USA
Nov 1999: Co-organized an International Workshop on Air Quality Modeling & Management at
University of Brunei, Brunei Darussalam
April–July 1995: Visiting Scholar, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
Invited Talk:
Delivered an invited talk at NOAA research lab in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA in July 1995
Professional Affiliations:
 Air & Waste Management Association
 Indian Society for Technical Education (Life Member)
 Indian Meteorological Society (Life Member)
 Computer Society of India (Member)
 Convener, Regional Center of IUCEE (Indo-US Collaboration for Engineering Education)
Selected Publications
1. Krishan Kumar, A.K. Yadav, H. Hassan, M. P. Singh and V. K. Jain (2004) Forecasting Daily
Maximum Surface Ozone Concentrations in Brunei Darussalam - an ARIMA Modeling Approach.
Journal of Air and Waste Management Association, 54, No.7, 809-814.
2. Maithili Sharan, Manish Modani and A.K. Yadav (2003) Atmospheric dispersion: an overview of
mathematical modeling framework. Journal of the Proceeding of Indian National Science
Academy, 69, A, No. 6, 725-744.
3. A.K. Yadav, S. Raman and D.D.S. Niyogi (2003) A note on the estimation of eddy diffusivity and
dissipation length in low winds over a tropical urban terrain, PAGEOPH, 160, 395-404.
4. A.K. Yadav, Krishan Kumar, Awg Makarimi bin Hj Awg Kasim, M.P. Singh, S.K. Parida and Maithili
Sharan (2003) Visibility and incidence of respiratory diseases during the 1998 have episode in
Brunei Darussalam. PAGEOPH, 160, 265-277
5. Maithili Sharan, Anil Kumar Yadav and Manish Modani (2002) Simulation of short-range
diffusion experiments in low wind convective conditions. Atmos. Environ, 36, 1901-1906.
6. A.K. Yadav and K.N. Mehta (2000) Sensitivity of plume descriptors of a Gaussian plum mode to
deposition and source elevation, II Nuovo Cimento, Vol 023C, issue 03, 251-262.
7. Maithili Sharan and Anil Kumar Yadav (1998) Simulation of diffusion experiments under light
wind, stable conditions by a variable K-theory model, Atmos. Environ., 32, No. 20, 3481-3492.
8. Maithili Sharan, Anil Kumar Yadav and M.P. Singh (1996) Plume dispersion simulation using a
mathematical model based on coupled plume segment and Gaussian puff approaches. J. Appl.
Meteoro., 35, No. 10, 1625-1631.
9. Anil Kumar Yadav, Sethu Raman and Maithili Sharan (1996) Surface layer turbulence spectra and
eddy dissipation during low winds in tropics. Bound.- Layer Meteoro., 79, 205-224.
10. Maithili Sharan, M.P. Singh and Anil Kumar Yadav (1996) Mathematical model for atmospheric
dispersion in low winds with eddy diffusivities as linear functions of downwind distance. Atmos.
Environ., 30, 1137-1145.
50
11. Maithili Sharan, Anil Kumar Yadav, M.P. Singh, P. Agarwal and S. Nigam (1996) A mathematical
model for the dispersion of air pollutants in low wind conditions. Atmos. Environ., 30, 25952606.
12. Anil Kumar Yadav and Maithili Sharan (1996) Statistical evaluation of sigma schemes for
estimating dispersion in low wind conditions. Atmos. Envorn., 30, 2595-2606.
13. Anil Kumar Yadav, Maithili Sharan and M.P. Singh (1996) Atmospheric dispersion in low wind
conditions. Proceedings of the First World Congress of Nonlinear Analysts, p.3567-3593,
Tampa, Florida, August 19-26, 1992; Editior V. Lashmikantham, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, New
York.
14. Maithili Sharan, Anil Kumar Yadav and M.P. Singh (1995) Comparison of sigma schemes for
estimating air pollutant dispersion in low winds. Atmos. Environ., 29, 2051-2059.
51
Appendix D: Detailed Budget
52