Reproduction & Heredity Study Guide
Use the following letters to answer question 1-5. (B & b)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
pure dominate genotype ______BB_____
Pure recessive genotype _____bb_______
hybrid genotype _______Bb___
heterozygous gene pair ___Bb__________
homozygous gene pair _____BB or bb
6. Dominant allele __________B______
7. recessive allele _________b________
EE
Ee
8. Use a punnett square to cross these two hybrid parents: Ee & Ee
9. What is the shape of DNA? Twisted ladder
10. list 3 things that pertain to the process of asexual reproduction
a. one parent
b. 2 new offspring identical to the parent
c. Uses the process of mitosis
11. list 3 things that pertain to the process of sexual reproduction
a. 2 parents
b. Offspring have half of the genetic information from each parent and are different
c. Uses meiosis to create sex cells
Ee
ee
12. If a cell has 2 pairs of chromosomes (4 total), what would the cell look like after it went through mitosis? 2 new cells
with 4 chromosomes
13. If a cell has 5 pairs of chromosomes (10 total), and it goes through the process of meiosis. What would the cell look
like at the end of the process? Draw a picture.
4 new cells with 5 chromosomes
14. How many cells are produced at the end of meiosis? _________4________
15. When a pure dominant trait is crossed with a pure recessive trait, Which trait will express itself in all of the
offspring? Dominant or recessive
16. What type of genotype is necessary for a recessive trait to appear. Pure recessive or homozygous recessive
17. If a person is a carrier for a disease, but does not have the disease, how would you describe the condition of
the alleles? heterozygous
18. If a sex cell has 25 chromosomes, how many chromosomes does each body cell have? 50
19. What is a gene? Small section of DNA on a chromosome that carries information about a trait
20. Complete the missing information in the punnett square. How would you describe the gene for each parent?
Parent 1- heterozygous, Parent 2 – homozygous recessive (These could be vice/versa)
b
b
Bb
Bb
B
bb
bb
b
21. Complete the punnett square, tell the genotype and phenotype for the offspring in percentages
R
r
R r
RR Rr
Rr
rr
Geno: 25% RR, 50% Rr, 25% rr Pheno: 75% round, 25% wrinkled
22. What did Thomas Hunt Morgan do to study how traits are inherited by specific chromosomes? He study
fruit flies to learn that certain traits are passed only on the male chromosomes thus discovering that traits
can be found on a specific chromosomes
23. What is the probability of producing a brown eyed baby from a genetic cross between two hybrid parents?
75% chance (3 out of 4)
B b
BB
Bb
B
b Bb
bb
24. different forms of a gene are called ___alleles_____.