Balance of Payments Statistics
Methodology
Table of Contents:
A.
A.
Introduction
B.
Individual Country Data
C.
World and Regional Tables
D.
Methodological Notes
Introduction
The BOPS (Balance of Payments Statistics) CD-ROM is consistent with the
Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook (BOPSY). It contains balance of
payments and international investment position (IIP) data of individual
countries, jurisdictions, and other reporting entities, and regional and
world totals for major components of the balance of payments. In addition, it
contains descriptions of methodologies, compilation practices, and data
sources used by selected reporting countries. The BOPS CD-ROM contains data
as reported by the balance of payments correspondents to the Fund, in
addition to containing the corresponding series and tables within BOPSY
denominated in U.S. dollars. The reported data are typically denominated in
national currency. Conversion is performed on the basis of average U.S.
dollar/national currency exchange rates for balance of payments data and on
end-of-period exchange rates for IIP data.
Both balance of payments and IIP data are presented on the BOPS CD-ROM in
accordance with the standard components of the sixth edition of the Balance
of Payments and International Investment Position Manual, BPM6. The BPM6,
published by the Fund in 2009, introduced a number of methodological changes
in the compilation of balance of payments and IIP data. These changes are
summarized in Appendix 8 of the BPM6.
Data
conversion
work
undertaken
-2by
Fund
staff
has
made
possible
the
presentation in the BPM6 format of data staring with 2005 for both member
countries that reported
data in BPM6 format and member countries who are
still compiling their data in the format of the fifth edition of the Balance
of Payments Manual (BPM5). In 2010, the Fund staff developed formulas to
convert reported balance of payments and IIP data for each country in the
Fund’s database to approximate the BPM6 methodology and presentation. The
main rules applied in the conversion are presented in Box 1 below. Member
countries could opt (i) to accept the generic conversion without adjustment;
(ii) to customize the conversion by adjusting the results from the generic
conversion; or (iii) to implement the BPM6 standards. Table 1 presents the
basis in which data were reported to the IMF by country and year. Also, the
disclosure of the option selected by countries in reporting the most recent
balance of payments and IIP data is included at the top of individual country
tables.
The notes about the methodologies, compiling practices, and data sources of
reporting countries are based on information provided to the Fund by these
countries for the publication in Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook
2011, which was on a BPM5 basis. The updated methodological notes will be
disseminated on BOPS CD-ROM in December 2012 release. The current notes can
be retrieved after a Country Table selection from the directory tree within
the Browser and can also be found in the Print_Me directory in the
BOPCTYNOTES.rtf file. The descriptions are intended to enhance users’
understanding of the coverage, as well as the limitations, of individual
country data published on this CD-ROM. They are also designed to inform
compilers of data sources and practices used by their counterparts in other
countries.
-3Box 1. Selected Main Rules Used for The Conversion of BPM5 data to BPM6












The balances on Current account, Capital account, Financial account,
Reserve assets, and Net errors and omissions were not changed;
“Merchanting” was reclassified from Services to Goods;
“Manufacturing services on physical inputs owned by others” (“Goods
for processing” in BPM5) was reclassified from Goods to Services.
The gross values of goods that physically move across borders for
processing but for which there was no change in ownership are
excluded from goods trade and from the IIP accounts.
“Repairs on goods” was reclassified from goods to services (called
“Maintenance and repair services n.i.e.” in BPM6);
“Goods procured in ports by carriers” was included in “General
merchandise on a balance of payments basis”;
“Communication services” and “Computer and information services”
from BPM5 were reclassified to “Telecommunications, computer, and
information services” in BPM6;
“Postal and courier services” was included in “Transport”;
“Migrants transfers” was included in “Other capital transfers –
financial corporation, nonfinancial corporations, households, and
NPISHs”. (Although migrants transfers should not be included in the
balance of payments accounts under BPM6, the elimination of this
account was not possible without impacting net errors and omissions,
which was avoided);
“Reverse investment” in “Direct investment” was reclassified
according to the asset/liability basis;
The data for “Monetary authorities” in BPM5 were mapped to “Central
bank.” In some instances, the data were mapped (in full or in part)
to “General government” or other institutional units in consultation
with countries;
The use of signs in the BPM6 presentation was changed as follows:
(i) in current and capital accounts, both credits and debits, were
registered with positive signs; (ii) in financial account, increases
in assets and liabilities were registered with positive signs, and
decreases in assets and liabilities with negative sign;
For the IMF dissemination of data, consistent with long-time IMF
practices, data provided by the Finance Department of the IMF on SDR
holdings, SDR allocations, and Reserve position in the IMF were
substituted for reported data, if different.
-4B.
Individual Country Data
“Country” in the BOPS CD-ROM does not always refer to a territorial entity
that is a state as understood by international law and practice; the term
also covers some nonsovereign territorial entities for which statistical data
are provided internationally on a separate basis.
For most countries, balance of payments data are presented in both analytic
and standard presentations. As its name implies, the analytic presentation is
an analytical summary of the more detailed data contained in the standard
presentation. Balance of payments components in the analytic presentation are
arrayed to highlight the financing items (the reserves and related items).
The standard presentation shows data displayed in the standard components
described in the BPM6. For countries for which IIP statistics are available,
the data are presented in the IIP section.
B.1 Analytic Presentation
In the analytic presentation, balance of payments components are classified
into five major data categories (groups A through E) that the Fund regards as
useful for analyzing balance of payments developments uniformly. The selected
groups, however, should not be considered to reflect the Fund’s
recommendations about the analytic approach appropriate for every country.
Other analytic presentations could be arrayed by regrouping the standard
components in other ways to take into account the special circumstances of a
specific country or to serve particular analytical requirements.
Note that the figures shown in the analytic and standard presentations differ
for balances of the current account, the capital account, and the financial
account for some countries. This is because in the analytic presentation,
certain transactions under these accounts are reclassified as “exceptional
financing.” The reclassified transactions are grouped under “reserves and
related items”. “Exceptional financing” refers to transactions undertaken by
the authorities to finance balance of payments needs, including such items as
external borrowing, accumulation and payment of arrears, and debt
forgiveness. Exceptional financing does not include reserve assets.
-5B.2
Standard Presentation
The standard components of BPM6, shown in the standard presentation are
summarized under goods and services, primary income, and secondary income in
current account, and also under the main standard components in the capital
account. Under the financial account, components are classified by type of
investment (i.e., direct investment; portfolio investment; financial
derivatives (other than reserves) and ESOs; other investment; and reserve
assets), separately for assets and liabilities. Most of these financial
account categories are futher classified by domestic sector (central bank;
deposit taking corporations, except the central bank; general government; and
other sectors (with the latter containing and “of which: other financial
corporations and nonfinancial corporations”). The standard presentation of
balance of payments includes as memorandum, detailed information on
exceptional financing transactions by functional category, financial
instrument, and domestic sector. Also included are some supplementary items
related to arrears not in exceptional financing and remittances measures.
B.3 International Investment Position
IIP data are arrayed in accordance with the standard components for IIP, as
set forth in the BPM6.
Although the classification of the IIP components is consistent with that of
the financial account of the balance of payments, a number of differences
exist between the two. As mentioned earlier, IIP data reflect a country’s
external financial assets and liabilities at a specific point in time.
Therefore, the basic presentation of the IIP components is provided under two
general categories, namely, assets and liabilities, as opposed to categories
for debits and credits in the current and capital accounts, to categories for
the net acquisition of financial assets, and net incurrence of liabilities,
in the financial account, of the balance of payments.
Also, IIP data reflect a country’s position at the end of the reporting
period, as opposed to transactions during the period shown in the balance of
payments. Furthermore, unlike the balance of payments, which shows the value
of financial transactions over a period, the valuation of a country’s IIP
reflects the accumulated value of financial transactions, revaluations, and
other changes in volume as of the end of a reporting period. The net IIP is
derived by taking the difference between the value of reported external
financial assets and that of reported external financial liabilities.
-6IIP data also include supplementary data on arrears by functional category
and domestic sector.
External debt is not a separate component of the IIP but can be derived by
summing the liability positions other than financial derivatives, equity and
investment fund shares, and other equity (these are not debt instruments
according to international statistical standards).
B.4 Credits and Debits
In both the analytic and standard presentations, the transactions data are
shown as gross credit or gross debit entries in the current and capital
accounts, and as net acquision of financial assets or net inccurence of
liabilities (to reflect net changes in liabilities and net changes in assets)
in the financial account. In current and capital accounts, both credit and
debit entries, gross or net, are positive (but without a plus sign). In
financial account, increases in assets and liabilities are shown as positive
amounts (without a plus sign) and decreases in assets and liabilities are
shown as negative amounts.
B.5 Nil or Unavailable Entries
It is frequently difficult to discern in data reported by countries whether
missing numbers are not available or are zero or insignificant. In the BOPS
CD-ROM, “....” indicates either unreported data or estimated data (in world
and regional tables).
B.6 A Note on the Components of Primary Income, Portfolio Investment, and
Other Investment
In the standard presentation, the data reported by certain countries under
“primary income” in the current account, and “portfolio investment” and
“other investment” in the financial account are at a level of aggregation
that does not allow all of the individual components within this category to
be separately identified. In these cases, therefore, the aggregate data for
certain subcategories cannot be derived by summing the components for these
subcategories. The same principle applies to “other investment” shown in the
IIP.
-7B.7 Rounding of Figures
Most data in the tables are expressed in units of one million; it should not
be assumed that any table showing smaller units necessarily contains more
accurate figures. The unit is chosen to present the figures conveniently.
Because of the calculation routines used, rounding differences may occur
between an aggregate and the sum of its components.
B.8 Currency Conversion
The balance of payments and IIP data reported to the Fund are expressed in
national currencies, in U.S. dollars, or in another currency. To facilitate
comparisons among countries, all balance of payments and IIP statements
published in the BOPSY and in the BOPS CD-ROM are expressed in U.S. dollars.
As mentioned previously, the BOPS CD-ROM also contains data in national
currency as reported by member countries. In addition, all countries’
reported data on transactions with the Fund and transactions in SDRs are
replaced with data obtained from the Fund records, which are kept in SDRs.
This information is, in turn, converted to U.S. dollars.
For countries that do not report in U.S. dollars, data are converted using
the country conversion rates shown at the bottom of the analytic presentation
table in the BOPS CD-ROM and in Table 1 in BOPSY. These rates are normally
the average exchange rates for a country for the relevant period taken from
the International Financial Statistics (IFS). For example, the IFS pages for
Australia contain line “rf” giving average rates for Australian dollars per
U.S. dollar. Conversions of transactions data from SDRs into U.S. dollars are
made at the rates shown in line “sb” of the IFS pages for the United States.
For countries reporting quarterly data in national currencies, annual U.S.
dollar totals are obtained by aggregating the quarterly U.S. dollar figures.
For countries that do not report IIP data in U.S. dollars, data are converted
using the line “ae.” These rates are the end-of-period exchange rates for a
country for the relevant period, taken from the IFS. More information on the
exchange rates used may be found in the introduction to IFS, Section 1, or on
the IFS CD-ROM in the file entitled INT.rtf.
C. World and Regional Tables
This section aggregates country data by major balance of payments components,
based on BPM5 (with BOPSY2012, the data will be presented on a BPM6 basis).
The user should note that this aggregation is done only once a year and that
the aggregates included in the BOPS CD-ROM correspond to the most recent
-8issue of BOPSY (i.e., BOPSY2011). For each component, data for countries,
country groups, and the world are provided. In addition to data reported by
countries as shown in the analytic and standard presentations, the tables in
this section also include data for international organizations.
Missing data have been estimated for countries by Fund staff to the extent
possible. For the balance of payments, the estimation procedure is based
largely on the use of the World Economic Outlook (WEO) database. Data
published in BOPSY may differ from balance of payments data published in the
WEO mainly due to timing and coverage differences (for example: BOPSY Part 2
includes data on international organizations).
For the IIP, the estimates for nonreporting economies are derived from the
Research Department’s External Wealth of Nations (EWN) database, which
includes data for some 180 economies. Data from this database are used
extensively by IMF staff for multilateral surveillance and for research, and
these data are also in the public domain. They are updated and validated by
the Research Department on a continuing basis.
External assets and liabilities in EWN are estimated from a variety of
sources. Typically official IIP data are used for countries that report such
estimates. For countries and years for which IIP data are not reported, the
data are estimated using alternative sources. These include, for example: (i)
Bank for International Settlements(BIS)reported data and partner-country BIS
data (for foreign assets), (ii) IFS data on banks’ and nonbank financial
institutions’ foreign assets, (iii) IFS data for official reserves, (iv)
Joint External Debt Hub, the World Bank’s Global Development Finance, and the
WEO databases for external debt liabilities, (v) cumulative financial flows
(adjusted for valuation changes)—financial flows are taken from the
Statistics Department (STA) published data as well as WEO (when STA data are
not available), (vi) United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
(UNCTAD) data on foreign direct investment (FDI), (vii) Coordinated Portfolio
Investment Survey data for portfolio investment, and (viii) partner-country
data from national sources for both FDI and portfolio equity assets and
liabilities.
The following outlines the methodology used to gap-fill balance of payments
data. With regard to goods and services transactions, where data gaps exist
after the latest year of reporting to the Fund, estimates are made by
-9applying the growth rates derived from the WEO for the missing year(s) to the
latest reported annual data (debits and credits). When the data gaps are in
respect of years prior to the latest reported data to STA, the WEO data are
inserted to complete the series.
Net WEO data series are used to estimate income, current transfers, and the
capital account. The estimation procedure for income and current transfers
carries forward the latest reported values for the balance of payments
series, compares WEO and balance of payments net figures, and then adjusts
balance of payments credit and debit figures so that both balance of payments
and WEO net figures are the same. Where there are gaps in the data prior to
the latest reported data, the net credit or the net debit figures from WEO
are inserted directly. To estimate the capital account, the net WEO series is
inserted directly, to credits if WEO shows a net credit and to debits if WEO
shows a net debit. With regard to most recent financial account transactions,
derived growth rates based on WEO data are used when there are gaps after the
latest year of reported data to the Fund. When the data gaps are in years
prior to the latest reported data to STA, and for missing reserves data, the
WEO data are inserted to complete the series. There are no estimations for
financial derivatives. Data on Fund transactions—for example, transactions in
SDRs and of the Fund's General Resources Account—are obtained from Fund
sources.
For the IIP, in some cases, neither reported data nor EWN data were available
for one or more years in the time series. In these cases, estimates were
derived using a relevant growth rate (example: a regional growth rate). A
small number of economies that have no data available from STA or the IMF’s
Research Department for the entire period are not included in the published
regional and global tables.
Estimates for missing data, which are included in regional and world totals,
are not shown for the individual countries concerned.
All tables of aggregates appearing in the section on world and regional data
are shown in the concept tree of the BOPS CD-ROM (except for the Tables E-1
and E-2). Table A-1 provides a summary of international transactions, showing
world totals of the major components of the balance of payments. Tables A-2
through A-5 present balances, by country, for the current, capital, and
financial accounts, as well as for errors and omissions. Each of these tables
- 10 includes a breakdown by regional group, by country, and for international
organizations.
Tables B-1 through B-39 present world and regional totals, by country, of
major components of the balance of payments accounts.
Table C-1 presents "global discrepancies" in balance of payments statistics
by major components. Global discrepancies shown in the table refer to the
discrepancies between the sum of the debit and credit entries for the current
and capital accounts and between the sum of assets and liabilities for the
financial account of corresponding components reported by countries and
estimated by the Fund staff. For example, the global discrepancy shown for
the trade balance represents the difference between the global aggregate of
trade surpluses for goods and that of trade deficits reported on goods. In
principle, under the balance of payments convention, global aggregates for
exports should equal global aggregates for imports, and global trade
surpluses should mirror global trade deficits, with the global trade balance
equal to zero. The same principle applies to other balance of payments
components shown in Table C-1.
For a variety of reasons, however, countries generally do not correctly
record all transactions, or they classify corresponding transactions
differently. Under these circumstances, errors and omissions in the national
data and asymmetries (discrepancies) in the global statistics arise.
Also,
some coverage gaps exist at the global level, such as financial flows for
some small offshore centers that do not report balance of payments data to
the Fund. Figures presented in C-1 reflect such net global asymmetries for
the different balances. The net errors and omissions shown in the table
represent the difference between the global discrepancy figure for the
current account and that for the combined capital and financial accounts.
Within the current account, a negative global imbalance indicates a net
excess of recorded debits, which may reflect an under-recording of credits,
an overstatement of debits, or both. A positive imbalance in the financial
account suggests a net understatement of capital outflows (increase in assets
or decrease in liabilities) and/or a net overstatement of recorded inflows
(decrease in assets or increase in liabilities).
- 11 The memorandum items of Table C-1 show the global discrepancies of certain
major components of the balance of payments as a proportion of the sum of
credits and debits of the category.
Tables D-1, D-2, and D-3 present exports and imports of goods and services
and the current account balance, respectively, as a percentage of gross
domestic product (GDP), information that is of general interest to data
users.
Table E-1 presents the Net IIP while E-2 shows Total Assets and Total
Liabilities.
D. Methodological Notes
The BOPS CD-ROM contains notes for countries for which the Fund staff have
received information. The notes, which can be viewed from the analytic
presentation, standard presentation, and IIP country tables in the BOPS CDROM, present descriptions of methodologies, compilation practices, and data
sources used by individual member countries in compiling their balance of
payments and IIP statements on BPM5 basis. These notes are designed to
facilitate readers’ use of the data presented in the BOPS CD-ROM to enhance
their understanding of the data coverage, as well as the data limitations.
They are also intended to inform national balance of payments compilers of
the data sources and compilation practices used by their counterparts in
other countries; in this way, the reviews should help foster cooperation and
the exchange of ideas among national compilers, as well as encourage them to
improve their data. For those countries that report data on BPM6 basis, the
notes will be updated to reflect the BPM6 compilation basis with the release
of BOPSY2012. The disclosure of the option selected by country in reporting
the most recent balance of payments and IIP data is included at the top of
the notes for each country.
For most countries, the reviews are organized in two sections: a general
section and a specific one on balance of payments components. For countries
that also compile IIP data, an additional specific section on IIP data is
included.
- 12 -
Table 1. Method of Developing BPM6 Basis Estimates
Economy
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Q1 2012
Albania
Balance of payments
International investment position
Algeria
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
International investment position
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
Balance of payments
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Angola
Anguilla
Balance of payments
Antigua and Barbuda
Balance of payments
Argentina
Armenia, Republic of
Aruba
Australia
Austria
Azerbaijan, Republic of
Bahamas, The
Balance of payments
Bahrain, Kingdom of
Bangladesh
Barbados
Gen
- 13 Economy
Balance of payments
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
2011
Q1 2012
Belarus
Balance of payments
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
International investment position
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Belgium
Belize
Balance of payments
Gen
Benin
Bermuda
Balance of payments
Bhutan
Balance of payments
International investment position
Bolivia
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Botswana
Brazil
Brunei Darussalam
Balance of payments
Bulgaria
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cambodia
Gen
- 14 Economy
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
2011
Q1 2012
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Cust
Cust
Cust
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen1
Gen
Gen1
Gen
Cameroon
Balance of payments
Canada
Cape Verde
Chile
China, P.R.: Hong Kong
China, P.R.: Mainland
China,P.R.:Macao
Balance of payments
Colombia
Congo, Republic of
Balance of payments
Costa Rica
Côte d'Ivoire
Croatia
Curaçao
Balance of payments
Curaçao and Sint Maarten
Balance of payments
Cyprus
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
- 15 Economy
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Q1 2012
Balance of payments
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
International investment position
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
International investment position
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
Balance of payments
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
International investment position
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
Czech Republic
Denmark
Djibouti
Dominica
Balance of payments
Dominican Republic
Gen
ECCB-ECCU
Balance of payments
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Estonia
Ethiopia
Balance of payments
Euro Area
Faeroe Islands
Balance of payments
Fiji
Finland
France
Gen
- 16 Economy
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Q1 2012
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
International investment position
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
French Polynesia
Balance of payments
Gabon
Balance of payments
Gen
Gambia, The
Balance of payments
Georgia
Germany
Ghana
Balance of payments
International investment position
Greece
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Grenada
Balance of payments
Guatemala
Guinea
Balance of payments
International investment position
Guinea-Bissau
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Guyana
Balance of payments
Haiti
Honduras
Hungary
- 17 Economy
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Q1 2012
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
BPM62
BPM6
BPM6
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Iceland
India
Indonesia
Iraq
Balance of payments
International investment position
Ireland
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
International investment position
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Israel
Italy
Gen
Jamaica
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Kenya
Balance of payments
Korea, Republic of
Kosovo
Balance of payments
International investment position
Kuwait
- 18 Economy
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
2011
Q1 2012
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Kyrgyz Republic
Lao People's DR
Balance of payments
Latvia
Lebanon
Balance of payments
Lesotho
Liberia
Balance of payments
Libya
Balance of payments
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Macedonia, FYR
Madagascar
Balance of payments
Gen
Malawi
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Malaysia
Maldives
Mali
- 19 Economy
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Q1 2012
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Malta
Mauritius
Gen
Mexico
Moldova
Mongolia
Balance of payments
International investment position
Montenegro
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Montserrat
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen3
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Morocco
Mozambique
Myanmar
Namibia
Nepal
Balance of payments
Netherlands
Netherlands Antilles
Balance of payments
New Caledonia
Balance of payments
New Zealand
Balance of payments
Gen
- 20 Economy
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Q1 2012
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Nicaragua
Niger
Nigeria
Norway
Oman
Balance of payments
Pakistan
Gen
Panama
Papua New Guinea
Balance of payments
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Gen
Gen
Poland
Portugal
Qatar
Balance of payments
Romania
Balance of payments
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
- 21 Economy
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
International investment position
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Q1 2012
Russian Federation
Rwanda
Samoa
Balance of payments
BPM6
São Tomé and Príncipe
Balance of payments
Saudi Arabia
Balance of payments
International investment position
Gen
Senegal
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Serbia
Balance of payments
International investment position
Seychelles
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
International investment position
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
Gen1
Gen
Sierra Leone
Singapore
BPM6
Sint Maarten
Balance of payments
Slovak Republic
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Slovenia
Solomon Islands
Balance of payments
International investment position
South Africa
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
- 22 Economy
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Q1 2012
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Spain
Sri Lanka
Balance of payments
St. Kitts and Nevis
Balance of payments
St. Lucia
Balance of payments
St. Vincent and the Grenadines
Balance of payments
Sudan
Suriname
Balance of payments
Gen
Swaziland
Sweden
Switzerland
Syrian Arab Republic
Balance of payments
International investment position
Tajikistan
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
International investment position
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Tanzania
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Balance of payments
Togo
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Tonga
- 23 Economy
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
2011
Q1 2012
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
International investment position
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
International investment position
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
Balance of payments
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
BPM6
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Cust
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
International investment position
Gen
Gen
Gen
Zambia
Balance of payments
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Gen
Balance of payments
2010
Trinidad and Tobago
Balance of payments
Tunisia
Turkey
Uganda
Ukraine
United Kingdom
United States
Balance of payments
International investment position
Uruguay
Gen
Vanuatu
Venezuela
Vietnam
Balance of payments
West Bank and Gaza
Balance of payments
Yemen, Republic of
Gen
- 24 1 The
data series begins in Q4 2010, when the Netherlands Antilles was dissolved. At this time, Curacao and Sint Maarten
became autonomous countries, and also formed a currency union.
2
For Q1 2009, data were submitted in BPM5 format and generic conversion was applied.
3
The data series ends in Q3 2010. In Q4 2010, the Netherlands Antilles was dissolved, and Curacao and Sint Maarten became
autonomous countries and also formed a currency union.
Note:
Gen – data submitted in BPM5 format; generic conversion applied;
Cust – data submitted in BPM5 format; customized conversion;
BPM6 – data submitted in BPM6 format.