General chemistry
General chemistry class program is designed to advance knowledge on chemical processes
that occur in the world and to understand the meaning of chemistry for medical and
biological sciences in the scope of the researches during medical studies.
Teachers:
dr Joanna Kitkowska
dr Żaneta Tabaczyńska
mgr Aleksandra Kaczmarska-Wódzka
Contact: dr Joanna Kitkowska j.kitkowska@cm.umk.pl, dr Żaneta Tabaczyńska ztabaczynska@wp.pl,
mgr Aleksandra Kaczmarska-Wódzka akar@cm.umk.pl
Syllabus
I.
Chair and Department of General Chemistry
II.
Head of the Department: Dr hab. Marcin Dramiński
III.
Faculty of Medicine, first year
IV.
Programme Tutor: prof. dr hab. Marcin Dramiński
V.
Lectures and tutorials
VI.
Assessment: examination, 7 ECTS points
VII.
Subject Hours: lectures 20h, tutorials 40h, total 60 h
VIII.
Aims of the Subject:
1. to broaden the knowledge about chemical processes taking place in the
surrounding world;
2. to understand the role of chemistry in biological and medical sciences to the
extent necessary to continue medical studies
3. to acquire knowledge concerning the structure and properties of particular
groups of chemical compounds
in order to be able to describe and explain
chemical transformations of the compounds in biological systems.
IX.
Lectures topics:
1. General chemistry:
2. Nucleus and its stability, natural and artificial radio-activity, isotopes in science
and medicine. Structure of electronic cloud in atoms; periodic table . Chemical
bonds, valence quantum theory . Chemical kinetic and catalysis. Solutions, water
as universal solvent, reaction different anorganic substances in water solutions,
pH, electrolytes strong and weak. Buffers – composition and propriety, examples
of buffers in organism. Colloids.
3. Organic chemistry: organic compounds with one function (alcohols, phenols,
ethers) – chemical propriety, use in medicine. Organic compounds with sulfur
atom. Compounds with carbonyl group: carboxylic acid and same of its
derivatives.
Lipids,
phospholipids,
choline, cellular membrane,
steroids,
prostaglandin. Carbon acid and its derivatives. Heterocyclic compounds, nucleic
acids, RNA species – features of building and rule in biological process.
Carbohydrate and proteins – structure, division, characteristic, biosynthesis.
Elements of genetic engineering.
X. Tutorials topics
1. Organization of laboratory. Safety prescriptions. First help in sudden accident.
Documentations of work. Plan of work and educations in semester. Principle of
passing laboratory. Basic reactions and simple laboratory operation.
2. Qualitative analysis of constitutional liquid (elements occurrence in
constitutional liquid). Macro- and microelements. Detection of same cations and
anions.
3. Quantitative analysis (acid-base, redox and complexometric titrations).
4. Dialysis of Kongo red .
5. Kinetics. Temperature influence on speed reaction of oxidizing tartrate acid by
hydrogen peroxide in presence of cobalt (II) as a catalyst. Chromatography.
6. Colorimetry and adsorptions. Methylene blue adsoption on activated carbon.
7. Elemental analysis of organic compounds.
8. Chemical property chosen class of organic compounds – reactions of individual
functional groups.
9. Carbohydrate.Classification, nomenclature, main reactions, reductive and
nonreductive shugars. Stereochemistry, absolute configuration of chiral atoms
(CIP system). Di- and oligosaccharides.
10. Aminoacids. Classification, properties, condensation – polyamides and lactams
(-lactam antibiotics – penicilins, cephalosporins). Stereochemistry aminoacids
and peptides, R and S determination .
11. Proteins, properties, classification, peptide bond isomerization. Biologicaly
important peptides- glutathione, oxytocine, growth hormone.
12. Purine and pyrimidine bases and its tautomers.
13. Main structure of RNA and DNA.
XI Range of obligatory issues to study individually by students:
The reminder of chemistry messages from subjects of high school. Capture of straight
lines of computational tasks of stoichiometric chemistry.
XII Bibliography:
primary:
1) Medical Library – www.cm.umk.pl
2) http://site.ebrary.com/lib/cmumkbyd/search.action
3) H. Meislich – Organic Chemistry, 1999
4) D. Bloch – Organic Chemistry Demystified, 2006
5) S.L. Hoenig – Basic Training in Chemistry, 2001
6) L.D. Williams – Chemistry Demystified, 2003
7) Pradyot Patnaik – Dean’s Analytical Chemistry Handbook, 2004
8) R.K. Murray, D.K. Granner, P.A. Mayes – Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry, 2003
9) J.T. Moore, R. Langley – Chemistry for the Utterly Confused, 2007
10) J.L. Rosenberg, L.M. Epstein – Schaum’s Outline of College Chemistry, 1996
XIII Detailed list of practical skills and confirmation of their acquisition:
Record of acquired practical skills in general chemistry
Student’s name and surname:
Year of study, group:
Academic year:
Practical skill
Date
crediting
of Confirmation
by Comments
designated person
.
Practical Skills in General Chemistry for Students of Medicine An outline
for 2010/2011 Academic Year
1.
Health and safety precautions. Detailed range of laboratory activities. Revision of basic
chemical reactions.
2.
TEST 1
Characteristic reactions of cations and anions. Types of chemical bonds.
Composition of complex compounds. Redox reactions. Solubility products.
Electrolytes solutions (weak, strong). Degree of dissociation, dissociation constant.
Ostwald’s dilution law. Dissociation and hydrolysis reactions. Acid-base theory.
Buffer solutions. Strong/weak acids. Strength in terms of pH. Volumetric methods of
a substance determination. Indicators.
3.
Reactions of the cations of I – V groups ( Ag+, Pb2+, Hg22+, Hg2+, Cu2+, Al3+, Cr3+, Fe3+,
Mn2+, Zn2+, Ca2+, Ba2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, NH4+). Reactions of the chosen anions (Cl-,
CH3COO-, CO32-, C2O42-, PO43-, S2O32-, NO3-, SO42-) and selected salts analysis.
4.
Acidimetry and alkalimetry. Quantitative analysis of prepared solutions. Arithmetic
operations.
5.
Preparation of buffer solutions – determining buffer capacity.
6.
TEST 2
Colloids. Osmotic pressure of solutions. Dialysis. Donnan equilibrium. Nernst
division law. Chromatography. Kinetics. Chemical equilibrium.
7.
Kinetics – Temperature influence on the rate of oxidizing tartrate by hydrogen peroxide
in the presence of cobalt (II) ions as a catalyst reaction. Influence of various parameters on
the rate of a reaction. Influence of factors on the equilibrium.
8.
Dialysis of contaminated Congo red solution.
9.
TEST 3
Reactions of monofunctional compounds. Types of reactions – mechanism of free
radical-induced
hemolysis,
heterolytic
mechanism,
substitution,
addition,
elimination. Isomerism of organic compounds.
10. Elemental analysis of organic compounds. Chemical properties of monofunctional
organic compounds.
11. TEST 4
Carbohydrates, amino acids, proteins, lipids, purine and pyrimidine bases, RNA and
DNA.
12. Qualitative analysis of lipids. Determination of acid value .
13. Chemical properties of carbohydrates.
14. Chemical properties of amino acids and proteins.
Thin-layer chromatography.
15. Crediting laboratory practice.
PRACTICAL SKILLS
IN
GENERAL CHEMISTRY
FOR
STUDENTS
OF
MEDICINE AN
OUTLINE
FOR 2010/2011 ACADEMIC YEAR – CREDITING LABORATORY PRACTICE
In order to get your final grade you must complete all the practice tasks as well as tests.
You will take four tests this semester.
Test 1 – 20 points
Test 2 – 20 points
Test 3 – 20 points
Test 4 – 20 points
For your practicum classes you can get 1 point extra, which gives 9 points of the total - if
you complete your task correctly.
YOU
CAN SCORE
20
POINTS EACH WHICH GIVES
80
POINTS TOTAL.
TO
PASS THE COURSE
YOU MUST OBTAIN THE MINIMUM NUMBER OF 48 POINTS, WHICH IS 60% OF THE TOTAL.
IN
CASE YOU DON’T GET THE REQUIRED RESULT, YOU ARE GIVEN TWO MORE CHANCES TO
RETAKE THE TESTS YOU HAVE FAILED.