Syllabus for Arch 8567 Building and Site Integration in Sustainable Design – Fall 2008 ARCH 8567 Building and Site Integration in Sustainable Design Fall Semester 2008 ARCH 8567 College of Design University of Minnesota Instructors: Peter Macdonagh, ASLA, Kestrel Design Group kbergesch@tkdg.net and Richard B. Strong, Adjunct Assistant Professor and Research Fellow at the Center for Sustainable Building Research Phone: 612/ 624-7327 (Voice mail) E-mail: stron081@umn.edu Class hours: 2:30-5:00 Thursday Office hours: TBD Location: Rapson Hall 125 Course credits: 3 credits Required Text: 1) Urban Water Cycle Processes and Interactions Author: Jiri Marsalek, Blance Jimenez-Cisneros, Mohammad Karamouz, Per-Arne Malmquist, Joel Goldenfum, and Bernard Chocat ; Edition: ; ISBN: 978-0-415-45347-9 Publisher: UNESCO 2004 Page 1 Preparation Date: 2/16/2016 Syllabus for Arch 8567 Building and Site Integration in Sustainable Design – Fall 2008 Supplementary Text: 1) Stein, Benjamin, Reynolds, John S, Grondzik, Walter and Kwok, Alison, Mechanical and Electrical Equipment for Buidings Wiley, NY, 2006 Tenth Edition Free Software: Aquacycle, Watergy Software, Green Roof Calculator, Texas Cistern Calculator Contributor: John Carmody, Director of Center for Sustainable Design Research Lawrence Baker PhD., Senior Fellow at the University of Minnesota Water Resource Center Barbara Liukkonen PhD., Water Resources Education Coordinator at the University of Minnesota Water Resource Center Dwayne Stenlund, CPESC, Mn/DOT, Office of Environmental Services William Arnold PhD., Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering David Austin, Ecologist ESA, Principal Technologist Natural Treatment Systems at CH2M HILL Course Description Page 2 In order to move toward truly sustainable design, it is necessary to have a deeper understanding of site and water issues in terms of the natural environment. It is essential to think about designing site and building’s water systems in terms of balance and cycles. However, today, water is thought of as separate entities that are not interconnected such as: Ground Water, Surface Water, Drinking Water, Storm Water, and Waste Water. When in fact all these waters are exactly the same but appear to us as separate entities because waters are just in different places and carrying different products. One function of water is a conveyance vehicle that moves in a cyclic fashion to bring minerals to support us and the natural environment. Disruption of the water cycle disturbs ecological and nutrient processes in the environment. Besides solar energy which drives the water cycle, water is critical to all life on earth both human and Preparation Date: 2/16/2016 Syllabus for Arch 8567 Building and Site Integration in Sustainable Design – Fall 2008 non-human. Before urban development, the water was in balance in its watershed. Current urban development has disrupted the water cycle, separated the unified aspect of water and degraded the health and robustness of the natural urban environment. This course will discussion this disruption and how one might design within the water cycle and restore urban environments to their healthy state. Land use planning, creating a green infrastructure, stormwater drainage, water supply and wastewater treatment are fundamental resource issues at the heart of creating a more sustainable world. These issues must be addressed by the true integration of planning, landscape architecture and architecture. Sustainable design strategies such as green roofs and on-site stormwater and wastewater treatment systems require an interdisciplinary approach. The course provides students with knowledge of site design and water conservation strategies, methods and tools. Based on understanding ecological principles, students will research new approaches to integrated site and building design. Exercises, case studies, and application of tools will provide students hands-on opportunities to investigate design issues and determine outcomes. 4Field trips to exemplary projects will be part of the class. Philosophy for Ecological Education The four foundation courses in the M.S. in the Sustainable Design Track embodies and promotes a pedagogy based on ecological literacy and ecological principles. Ecological literacy is the knowledge and understanding of the basic patterns, processes and structures of natural systems. This natural system is the model of sustainability existing and thriving on current energy and nutrient flows. Nature is the first teacher, the primary guide. The program and courses employ an ecological model as pedagogy; curriculum and course structure; and as a template for student, faculty, and community relationships. This course will examine in an indirect and direct manner the massive flows of materials and energy required to support the building industry. The four foundation courses are based on the idea of a whole building integrated design process. The three courses that focus on specific topic areas (site/water and climate, energy and IEQ, are materials and resources) organized so that integration occurs through several means: Common overview of sustainable design and the integrated design process Study of different aspects of a common pool of case studies Use of common tools and analysis methods to evaluate outcomes Using nature as a model for developing design innovation in each area. Introduction/ Background Page 3 Building construction transforms land that provides valuable ecological services. Society has only recently begun to understand that these services have a quantifiable economic value. For example, the City of Minneapolis has recently developed a stormwater management fee that better reflects the true costs of Preparation Date: 2/16/2016 Syllabus for Arch 8567 Building and Site Integration in Sustainable Design – Fall 2008 stormwater runoff and that provides more economic incentive for improved stormwater performance. Site selection and design affect transportation and energy use which leads to ground-level ozone, acid rain, smog, and global climate change. Current development practices on the land can lead to uncontrolled stormwater runoff, degraded water and soil quality, depletion of water, soil, and valuable vegetated areas, and destruction of habitat. Goals of sustainable water and site design: To design and maintain sites which have soil and water quality capable of supporting healthy, bio-diverse plant, animal, and human communities, which reduce water and energy consumption, improve the rate, quantity and quality of stormwater runoff, and which minimize pollutant contributions related to transportation requirements. Maintain and improve the ability of the soil to maintain its structure against adverse impacts. Restore/improve the hydrologic cycle of water on the site to avoid adverse impacts on the site and downstream of the site. Reduce consumption of potable water. Improve the biodiversity of the site by introducing flora/fauna which will help contribute to the sustainability of the site over time. Reduce energy consumption and pollution contributions to air and water related to site location and associated transportation requirements. Restore/improve the outdoor environmental quality (OEQ) of the site to enhance occupant productivity, building performance, and community benefits.* * From the Minnesota Sustainable Building Guidelines (MSBG) – CSBR: Course Goals The following outcomes of the class are to illustrate a student’s capability to achieve a leadership role in private firms and public institutions concerning sustainable site and water issues Students will understand site and water issues at the global, national, state, community and project scale. Student will come to understand the local water cycles and water balance on a site scale and be able to start design more sustainable sites and building with this knowledge Students will be able to identify, apply and evaluate site and water design strategies. Students will be able to work with the site, water and building related requirements of LEED, B3 and other common tools and standards. Students will be able to determine actual environmental, economic, human and community outcomes related to site, water and building design decisions. Course Work Projects, Grading, and Expectations Three projects/exercises will be used to investigate the major course topics (1) Site Waters and the water cycle, 2) Balancing Site and Building water and 3) Integrated Design Charrette balancing energy and water within the site and building. The three exercises will build incrementally and reinforce class material the over the semester. 1) Exercise #1: Water Cycles of the Site Water –Rapson Hall (40%) Page 4 Preparation Date: 2/16/2016 Syllabus for Arch 8567 Building and Site Integration in Sustainable Design – Fall 2008 2) Exercise #2: Site and Building Water Balance – Rapson Hall (20%) 3) Exercise #3: Understanding and Balancing Water and Energy Cycles– Rapson Hall (20%) 4) Class Participation (20%) Students will model an integrated design approach to building’s site and water issues that will perform as a resource and cost-efficient system that enhances building performance, occupants’ productivity and health. Students will learn decision processes and criteria for selecting environmentally sound procedures for incorporating site and water issues into the design process. Students will realizes the indirect and direct manner the massive flows of water and energy required to support the building industry the subsequent impact on the environments around us. Grading Standards University of Minnesota Grading Standards: A Achievement that is outstanding relative to the level necessary to meet course requirements B Achievement that is significantly above the level necessary to meet course requirements C Achievement that meets the course requirements in every respect D Achievement that is worthy of credit even though it fails to meet fully the course requirements S Achievement that is satisfactory, which is equivalent to a C- or better F (or N) Represents failure (or no credit) and signifies that the work was either: 1) completed but at a level of achievement that is not worthy of credit or 2) was not completed and there was no agreement between the instructor and the student that the student would be awarded an incomplete. I (Incomplete) Assigned at the discretion of the instructor when, due to extraordinary circumstance, e.g., hospitalization, a student is prevented from completing the work of the course on time. Requires a written agreement between instructor and student. A B+ B BC+ C CD+ D Page 5 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 Preparation Date: 2/16/2016 Syllabus for Arch 8567 Building and Site Integration in Sustainable Design – Fall 2008 DF Academic Dishonesty 1 0 Academic dishonesty in any portion of the academic work for a course shall be grounds for awarding a grade of F or N for the entire course. Credit/Workload Expectations One credit is defined as equivalent to an average of three hours of learning effort per week (over a full semester) necessary for an average student to achieve an average grade in the course. For example, a student taking a threecredit course that meets for three hours a week should expect to spend an additional six hours a week on coursework outside the classroom (over a semester) to receive an average grade. Attendance Attendance is required. It is critical that you fully participate and attend all class periods (lectures, fieldwork, and reviews). Tools DIGITAL TOOLS – LCA - Life cycle cost calculation tools and methods Minnesota Sustainable Building Guidelines - (B3) www.csbr.umn.edu/b3msbg.html Green Globes/BGI http://www.greenglobes.org/ Athena™ Life Cycle Costing (LCC) to Roofing Investments: A Guide to Using Green Roofs for Healthy Cities GreenSave Calculator Seattle’s Green Factor ON LINE RESOURCES National Institute of Building Sciences http://www.nibs.org/ Whole Building Design Guide http://www.wbdg.org/ Building Envelope Design Guide http://www.wbdg.org/design/envelope.php Environmental Building News Database http://www.ebn.org/ On Line Resources The instructor will maintain a WebCT Vista site for the course. Course materials (e.g. syllabus, assignments), links to relevant information, and a course calendar will be maintained on the site. In order to access the site, follow the instructions below: 1. Launch Netscape or Internet Explorer 2. Go to http://vista.umn.edu 3. Click the Log in link 4. Log in with your UMN Internet ID and password 5. You will see the link to the new section in your My WebCT home area Page 6 Preparation Date: 2/16/2016 Syllabus for Arch 8567 Building and Site Integration in Sustainable Design – Fall 2008 Some student may have to reconfigure their browser in order to access the Vista site. Instructions are available at: http://webct.umn.edu/browser/ Additional information about using WebCT Vista, including an online tutorial, is available at: http://uttc.umn.edu/training/resources/webct/vista/. Page 7 Preparation Date: 2/16/2016 Syllabus for Arch 8567 Building and Site Integration in Sustainable Design – Fall 2008 Fall 2008—Course Schedule for Thursdays @ 2:30-5:00 pm 125 Rapson Hall Week 1 Thursday 9/4 Peter and Rich’s Water Shorts: Water Trivia Discussion of the Assigned Reading: “Do No Harm” Guest Lecturer-Lawrence Baker PhD. Senior Fellow at the University of Minnesota Water Resource Center, His research combines the perspective of an engineer and a bio-geochemist to the of practical environmental problems ranging from wetland treatment systems to the biogeochemistry of urban ecosystems. The main focus of his current work is nutrient and material flows in human ecosystems – cities, farms and exurban recreational development. The overarching goal of this research is to develop approaches for reducing pollution that are “more effective, cheaper and fairer” than current “end of pipe” approaches. Required Readings: 1) ''Do No Harm'': A New Philosophy for Reconciling Engineering and Ecology 2) “The Urban Stream Syndrome: current knowledge and search for a cure” or 3) The Water Environment of Cities Adapting to Change Supplementary Reading: 1) 2.3 Water pp 30-32 Stein, Benjamin, Reynolds, John S, Grondzik, Walter and Kwok, Alison, Mechanical and Electrical Equipment for Buidings Wiley, NY, 2006 Assigned Exercise #1: Water Balance of the Site Water-Rapson Hall Week 2 Thursday 9/11 Peter and Rich’s Water Shorts: Why is Atlanta out of Water? Discussion of the Assigned Reading: “The Three Principles” Guest Lecturer- Barbara Liukkonen PhD. Water Resources Education Coordinator at the University of Minnesota Water Resource Center on Water and other cycles in the natural environment Barb Liukkonen works primarily on shoreland education, volunteer monitoring, and safe drinking water. She also provides outreach education on wastewater, source water protection, and land-use decision making. Barb has a joint position with the WRC and Minnesota Sea Grant. In addition to 20 years of experience with the Extension Service and Sea Grant, Barb has also worked as the program director for the Rivers Council of Minnesota and as a hydrogeologist with the EPA. She has a M. S. from the University of Minnesota-Duluth in Hydrogeology, and B. A. in Geology from Carleton College. Required Reading: Page 8 Preparation Date: 2/16/2016 Syllabus for Arch 8567 Building and Site Integration in Sustainable Design – Fall 2008 1) The Three Principles 2) What is the Water Cycle 3) The Hydrological Cycle and its Components Supplementary Reading: Chapter 3: Emerging Water Shortages, from Lester R. Brown, Plan B 2.0 Rescuing a Planet Under Stress and a Civilization in Trouble (NY: W.W. Norton & Co., 2006). © 2006 Earth Policy Institute. Saturday 9/13 Tour 1 – Green & Blue Infrastructure, Low Impact Development (Peter MacDonagh) starting at 8:30 am at corner of Supplementary Reading: 1) Chapter 20: “Water Basic Design” pp 885-892, Stein, Benjamin, Reynolds, John S, Grondzik, Walter and Kwok, Alison, Mechanical and Electrical Equipment for Buildings Wiley, NY, 2006 2) Chapter 3 “Riding the Water Cycle” pp 19-25, Pearce, Fred, When the Rivers Run Dry, Water – the Defining Crisis of the Twenty-First Century, Beacon Press, 2006 Week 3 Thursday 9/18 Peter and Rich’s Water Shorts: What happened to the Aral Sea? Discussion of the Assigned Reading: “Aqueous Solutions” Lecture: Existing Tools for Water Management (Richard Strong/Peter MacDonagh) Required Reading: 1) Aqueous Solutions 2) Components of the Total Water Balance of an Urban Catchment 3) Integrated Urban Water Cycle Management: moving towards System Understanding 4) Change 4 Water Balance Supplementary Reading: Chapter 9 - Finding the Balance between Water for Humans and for Nature” Week 4 Thursday 9/25 Page 9 Peter and Rich’s Water Shorts: Where is LA’s water? Discussion of the Assigned Reading: “Chapter 9 Finding the Balance between Water for Humans and for Nature” Class Interim Review of Exercise #1: Water Balance of the Site WaterRapson Hall Lecture: Pollutants and Impacts to Watersheds (Peter MacDonagh) Required Reading: 1) Man and the Water cycle: challenges for the 21st century 2) Society’s interaction with the water cycle: a conceptual framework for a more holistic approach 3) The Relationship between Land Use Decision and the Impacts on Our Water and Natural Resource 4) Chapter 9 Finding the Balance between Water for Humans and for Nature Preparation Date: 2/16/2016 Syllabus for Arch 8567 Building and Site Integration in Sustainable Design – Fall 2008 Supplementary Reading: 1) “Preventing Stormwater Runoff Problems Through Watershed Land Design” by Mary Vogel, Lance M. Neckar, ASLA, Robert D. Sykes, ASLA, Aaron A. Mikonowicz, Kathryn J. McFadden, Department of Landscape Architecture, University of Minnesota. Saturday 9/27 Tour 2 – Green & Blue Infrastructure, Low Impact Development (Peter MacDonagh) starting at 9:00 am at the Minneapolis Library or the Green Institute Supplementary Reading: Abramovitz, Janet N., Imperiled Waters, Impoverished Future: The Decline of Freshwater Ecosystems, Worldwatch Paper 128, Worldwatch Institute, 1996 Week 5 Thursday 10/2 Peter and Rich’s Water Shorts: The death of the Owens Valley Discussion of the Assigned Reading: “Integrated Urban Water Cycle” Guest Lecturer - Dwayne Stenlund, CPESC, Mn/DOT, Office of Environmental Services on MnDot’s integration of stormwater management with the natural ecology of the site. Lecture: Life cycle cost analysis and accounting for environmental impacts (Richard Strong) if time is available Required Reading: 1) Delivering Planning and Performance Assessment Tools for Integrated Urban Water Management 2) Modeling Sustainable Urban Water Management Options 3) Integrated Urban Water Cycle 4) Sustainable Urban Water Management Supplementary Reading: 1) Chapter 21: “Water Supply” pp 893-980, Stein, Benjamin, Reynolds, John S, Grondzik, Walter and Kwok, Alison, Mechanical and Electrical Equipment for Buildings Wiley, NY, 2006 Week 6 Thursday 10/9 Week 7 Thursday 10/16 Page 10 Student Final Presentation of Exercise #1: Water Balance of the Site WaterRapson Hall Lecture: Green Roof and Landscape Geneology (Peter MacDonagh) if time permits Assigned: Exercise #2: Site and Building Water Balance – Rapson Hall Tour 3 - St. Paul Water Treatment Tour: Meet at the St. Paul Water Treatment Plant beginning at 3:00 pm. Tour will conclude around 4:45 pm. The address Preparation Date: 2/16/2016 Syllabus for Arch 8567 Building and Site Integration in Sustainable Design – Fall 2008 for the treatment plant is St. Paul Regional Water Services 1900 Rice St Saint Paul, MN 55113 Week 8 Thursday 10/23 Peter and Rich’s Water Shorts: What are PFOS and PFOA doing in our drinking water? Discussion of the Assigned Reading: “Ground Water rights, Spatial Variation and Transboundary Conflicts?” Guest Lecturer – William Arnold, Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering on water quality and how to reuse water Required Readings 1) Its That My Groundwater or Your Surface Water? 2) Ground Water rights, Spatial Variation and Transboundary Conflicts? 3) Ground Water Recharge in Minnesota 4) Minnesota’s Water Supply Supplementary Reading: 1) Toxic Traces: Timeline for PFOS and PFOA Week 9 Thursday 10/29 Class Interim Review of Exercise #2: Site and Building Water Balance – Rapson Hall Discussion of the Assigned Reading: “The Problem of Fit between Ecosystems and Institutions” Lecture: Stormwater and conservation at the College/University (Richard Strong) Required Reading: 1) IHDP Working Paper#2: The Problem of Fit between Ecosystems and Institutions 2) The Nature and Value of Ecosystem Services: An Overview Highlighting Hydrologic Services 3) Discussion of an Ecosystem Function Basis for Protecting Receiving Waters Supplementary Reading: 1) Study: Wrong fish used to save species Week 10 Thursday 11/6 Page 11 Peter and Rich’s Water Shorts: What happen to the Ogallala Aquifer? Discussion of the Assigned Reading: “21st Century Water Systems: Scenarios, Visions and Drivers Lecture: Seattle Water conservation Toolkits/ Concordia Water Solutions (Richard Strong) Preparation Date: 2/16/2016 Syllabus for Arch 8567 Building and Site Integration in Sustainable Design – Fall 2008 Required Readings: 1) The Soft Path for Water 2) Global Freshwater Resources: Soft-Path Solutions for the 21st Century 3) 21st Century Water Systems: Scenarios, Visions and Drivers Supplementary Reading: 1) Case Study: Building within the Community Watershed: Designing waterway as an environmental framework for development in Farmington, Minnesota, Design Center for American Urban Landscape, University of Minnesota Week 11 Thursday 11/11 Peter and Rich’s Water Shorts: The Lake Pepin Story Discussion of the Assigned Reading: “Chapter 4 Incorporating Water for Ecosystem Services” Guest Lecturer - David Austin, P.E., Senior Ecologist ESA, Principal Technologist, Natural Treatment Systems, CH2M HILL on Living Machines David Austin, P.E., formerly Director of Research and Development at DLSI and one of the designers of Dharma’s Living Machine® treatment systems, has moved to Minnesota to join the NAWE ecological engineering team. Mr. Austin is a leading expert in tidal flow wetland treatment systems, a role he will continue at NAWE as Vice President of Ecological Design. Required Reading: 1) Chapter 3 pp 19-92 “Emerging Precepts of Biological Design”, Todd, Nancy Jack, and Todd, John, From Eco-Cities to Living Machines, Principles of Ecological Design, North Atlantic Books, 1994 2) Alternative Water Sources: Supply-Side Solutions for Green Buildings, Environmental Building News, May 1, 2008 3) Chapter 4 Incorporating Water for Ecosystem Services pp 64-79, Falkenmark, Malin, Rockström, Johan, Balancing Water for Humans and Nature: The New Approach in Ecohydrology, Earthscan, 2004 Supplementary Reading: 1) Chapter 22: “Liquid Wasted” pp 981-1046, Stein, Benjamin, Reynolds, John S, Grondzik, Walter and Kwok, Alison, Mechanical and Electrical Equipment for Buildings Wiley, NY, 2006 2) Part 1: Minnesota's lifeblood Week 12 Thursday 11/20 Tour 4: Eagles Point Wastewater Treatment Plant beginning at 2:30 p.m. at 9211 110th Street South, Cottage Grove, Mn. 55016 with Rolf Jacobson from CSBR This plant was the first one in our system to incorporate sustainability into the design and construction of an expansion project; Week 13 Page 12 Preparation Date: 2/16/2016 Syllabus for Arch 8567 Building and Site Integration in Sustainable Design – Fall 2008 Thursday 11/27 Week 14 Thursday 12/4 Thanksgiving Holiday-No class Student Final Presentation of Exercise #2: Site and Building Water Balance – Rapson Hall Assigned Exercise #3: Integrated sustainable water and energy systems for Rapson Hall, its occupants and environs Week 15 Monday 12/8 Exercise #3 Charrette of Integrated sustainable water and energy systems for Rapson Hall, its occupants and environs 9:00 am to 2:00 pm in Room 225 Rapson Hall: Required Reading: 1) Linking urban water balance and energy balance models to analyze urban design options 2) Environmental Consequences of rapid urbanization in warm, arid lands: case study of Phoenix, Arizona (USA) 3) Urbanization and warming of Phoenix (Arizona USA): Impacts, feedbacks and mitigation 4) Building an Ecological Civilizations 5) Running out of Water –Six point plan to avert a global crisis Additional Articles on Water and Economics: 1) The Economics of Water: Taking Full Account of First Use, Reuse and Return to the Environment 2) Valuation of Ecological Benefits: Improving the Science Behind Policy Decisions 3) Ecosystems are more than Wildlife Habitat 4) An Economic Rationale for Integrated Stormwater Management Resources/Tools: 1) Rooftops to Rivers Green Strategies for Controlling Stormwater and Combined Sewer Overflow 2) Using the STORM Calculator to achieve best practice stormwater treatment 3) A Review of Stormwater Sensitive Urban Design in Australia 4) Rainwater Harvesting for Enhanced Groundwater Recharge Through Capture of Increase Runoff from Site Development 5) Water Management at BedZED: some lessons 6) Chapter One: Introduction to the Sustainable Sites Initiative 7) Sustainable Water Management: Eco-towns water cycle worksheet 8) Water Efficiency for your home: Products and Advice which save water, energy and money 9) Water Efficiency: The Next Generation 10) Effects of Rain Gardens on the Quality of Water in the Minneapolis-St.Paul Metropolitan Area of Minnesota, 2002-04 11) Water balance and the behavior of different paving surfaces 12) Hydrological Behavior of Vegetated Roofs Page 13 Preparation Date: 2/16/2016 Syllabus for Arch 8567 Building and Site Integration in Sustainable Design – Fall 2008 Bibliography Abramovitz, Janet N., Imperiled Waters, Impoverished Future: The Decline of Freshwater Ecosystems, Worldwatch Paper 128, Worldwatch Institute, 1996 Corner, James, editor, Recovering Landscape: Essays in Contemporary Landscape Architecture, Princeton Architectural Press, 1999 De Villiers, Marc, Water, The Fate of our Most Precious Resource, A Mariner Book, 2000 Falkenmark, Malin, Rockström, Johan, Balancing Water for Humans and Nature: The New Approach in Ecohydrology, Earthscan, 2004 Glennon, Robert, Water Follies, Groundwater Pumping and the Fate of America’s Fresh Waters, Island Press, 2002 Johnson, Bart R. and Kristina Hill, editors, Ecology and Design: Frameworks for Learning, Forward by David W. Orr. Island Press, 2002 LEED Rating System and Reference Manual, U.S. Green Building Council [Available at http://www.usgbc.org] Lyle, John, Regenerative Design for Sustainable Development, 1994. Marsh, W. M., Landscape Planning: Environmental Applications. 3rd ed. Addition-Wesley Publishing Company, 1997. McHarg, Ian, Design with Nature, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1969. Meinig, D.W., editor, The Interpretation of Ordinary Landscapes: Geographical Essays, Oxford University Press, 1979. Melby, Pete, Cathcart, Tom, Regenerative Design Techniques, Practical Application in Landscape Design, John Wiley and Sons, Inc. 2002 Minnesota Sustainable Building Guidelines, 2004. [Available at http://www.csbr.umn.edu/B3] Pearce, Fred, When the Rivers Run Dry, Water – the Defining Crisis of the Twenty-First Century, Beacon Press, 2006 Postel, Sandra, Dividing the Waters: Food Security, Ecosystem Health, and the New Politics of Scarcity, Worldwatch Paper 132, Worldwatch Institute, 1996 Reisner, Marc, Cadillac Desert, Penguin Books, 1986,1993 Segerfeldt, Fredrik, Water for Sale, How Business and the Market can Resolve the Worlds Water Crisis, CATO Institute, Washington DC, 2005 (Please read with caution) Shiva, Vandana, Water Wars, Privatization, Pollution and Profit, South End Press, 2002 Page 14 Preparation Date: 2/16/2016 Syllabus for Arch 8567 Building and Site Integration in Sustainable Design – Fall 2008 Stein, Benjamin, Reynolds, John S, Grondzik, Walter and Kwok, Alison, Mechanical and Electrical Equipment for Buildings Wiley, NY, 2006 Thompson, J. William and Kim Sorvig, Sustainable Landscape Construction: A Guide to Green Building Outdoors. Island Press, 2000. Todd, Nancy Jack, and Todd, John, From Eco-Cities to Living Machines, Principles of Ecological Design, North Atlantic Books, 1994 Page 15 Preparation Date: 2/16/2016