Study Guide 3 Bio 4 C. Shannon (10th edition) F14
Chapters: 14, 15, 20, 23, 46, 47, 21
Ch. 14
Mendelian Genetics
Mendel, pea plants, P generation, F1, F2 generation, karyotype, genes, trait, Punnett square,
dominant, recessive, homozygous, heterozygous, monohybrid, dihybrid, allele, genotype,
phenotype, punnett square, testcross, incomplete dominance, codominance, multiple alleles and
ABO blood groups, Rh factor, pedigree, cystic fibrosis, Tay-Sachs disease, Huntington's disease,
sickle-cell disease, carriers, amniocentesis, chorionic villi, ultrasound, fetoscopy
Be able to work genetics problems (make punnett squares for monohybrid and dihybrid
crosses) and be able to correctly list genotypic and phenotypic RATIOS.
Ch. 15 Inheritance
Morgan and white eyed vs. wild type fruit flies, mutant phenotype, sex-linked genes, examples
like hemophilia, sex-influenced trait, nondisjunction, aneuploidy, translocation, Down
Syndrome, Turner syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome, metafemale, XYY syndrome
Ch. 20 DNA Technology
genetic engineering, recombinant DNA, biotechnology, restriction enzymes (endonuclease),
restriction fragments, gene therapy, DNA ligase, gel electrophoresis, what is PCR and how is it
used?, RFLP, applications of RFLP, forensic uses of DNA technology, DNA fingerprinting,
agricultural uses of DNA technology, safety and ethical issues (p.432-433) and other areas of this
chapter), genomics, human genome project, bioinformatics, DNA microarrays, proteomics, stem
cells, cloning, genetically modified organisms, stem cells, cloning
Ch. 23 Population Genetics
smallest units that can evolve--why?, species, population, genome, gene pool, microevolution,
Hardy-Weinberg Law (Theorem), Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, p2 + 2pq +q2 = 1, 1-p = q and
vice versa, How is Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium relevant to a study of microevolution, conditions
for Hardy-Weinberg, problems such as the ones on the handout involving H-W law, 5 agents of
microevolution, genetic drift, bottleneck effect, Founder Effect, mutation , nonrandom mating,
natural selection, assortive mating, gene flow, adaptive evolution, fitness, female choice, stabilizing selection, directional selection, diversifying selection, sexual dimorphism, the 4 reasons
evolution doesn't make perfect organisms
Ch. 46 Animal Reproduction
sexual reproduction, asexual reproduction, budding, fragmentation, gametes, zygote, ovum,
spermatozoan, parthenogenesis,
hermaphroditism, cloaca, testes, scrotum, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate
gland, Bulbourethral gland (Cowper's gland), seminiferous tubule, interstitial cells, urethra, acrosome, hernia, semen, follicle, ovary, vagina, uterus, cervix, fallopian tube, endometrium,
perineum, fimbriae, labia majora, labia minora, vulva,
ovarian cycle, menstrual cycle, menstruation, follicular, ovulatory and luteal phases, LH,
FSH, estrogen, progesterone, testosterone, oogenesis, spermatogenesis, gametogensis, human
sexual physiology, organogenesis, conception, placenta, amniotic fluid, contraceptive
sponge, diaphragm, IUD, condom, pill (oral contraceptive), ovulation, tubal ligation,
vasectomy, spermicide, implantation, gestation, trimesters, conception, placenta, blastocyst,
mammary glands, lactation, menopause, corpus luteum, HCG (human chorionic
gonadotropin), umbilical cord, chorionic villi sampling, amniocentesis, ultrasound,
fetoscopy, parturition, birth, afterbirth, in vitro fertilization
Ch. 47 Animal Development
differentiation, fertilization, endoderm, ectoderm, mesoderm, gastrula, blastula, morula,
blastomeres, blastocoel, blastopore, blastocyst, inner cell mass, trophoblast, cleavage,
archenteron, chorion, amnion, allantois, yolk sac, gastrulation, meroblastic vs. holoblastic
cleavage, involution
Ch 21 Genomes and Their Evolution
Genomics, bioinformatics, proteomics, homeobox, Hox genes, apoptosis, human genome
project
You may have multiple choice, true/false, matching, definitions, short answer, essays and
fill-in-the-blanks, and "yes" spelling counts!!!!
Sample Essays
1. It is very likely you will have genetics problems on this exam, so be prepared! In place
of essay some questions you will have to figure out genetics problems--showing Punnett
squares and correct ratios.
2. List and discuss 3 of the safety and ethical issues on page 432-433. Give the explanation
from the book and also include your opinion.
3. Summarize the main points of the article, "Ecological and genetic factors in Conservation:
A Cautionary Tale."
4. Summarize a process discussed in chapter 20 and explain why it is a technological
advancement.
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