ESC110 - Chapter 4 Sample Questions
1. (p.74) Human populations began to grow rapidly after _______, partly due to increased
communication among nations and better health care and hygiene.
A. 5000 B.C.
B. A.D. 1000
C. A.D. 1600
D. A.D. 1850
3. The human population is now in a(n) _______ pattern of growth.
A. Logistic
B. Exponential
C. Oscillatory
D. Cyclic
5. (p.76) According to the writings of _______, human populations inevitably outstrip
their food supply and eventually collapse into starvation, crime, and misery.
A. Karl Marx
B. Justus von Liebig
C. Thomas Malthus
D. Victor Shelford
7. Which of the following is a neo-Malthusian belief?
A. Population problems can be solved by making birth control a top priority.
B. Population problems can only be solved through technological development
and social justice.
C. Population problems are caused primarily by the unfair distribution of wealth
and resources.
D. Population growth, poverty, and environmental degradation are all interrelated;
no factor exclusively causes any other.
9. (p.77) _______ encompasses vital statistics about people, such as births, deaths, and
population size.
A. Taxonomy
B. Demography
C. Genealogy
D. Entomology
E. Histology
11. _______ has a negative population growth rate.
A. China
B. Nigeria
C. Japan
D. Ethiopia
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13. _______ is the physical ability to reproduce, while _______ describes the actual
production of offspring.
A. Fertility, fecundity
B. Fecundity, fertility
C. Fertility, pregnancy
D. Pregnancy, fertility
15. (p.80) The _______ is the number of children born to an average woman in a
population during her entire reproductive life.
A. Dependency ratio
B. Birth ratio
C. Total birth rate
D. Total fertility rate
17. _______ occurs when births plus immigration in a population just equal deaths plus
emigration.
A. Zero population growth
B. Negative population growth
C. Demographic transition
D. Demographic reversal
E. Population dieback
19. (p.81) The world as a whole has an average fertility rate of _______ children per
woman.
A. 5.1
B. 4.3
C. 2.7
D. 1.2
21. Which of the following nations has the shortest life expectancy?
A. United States
B. Italy
C. Chile
D. Russia
23. A country’s _______ is the number of nonworking compared to working individuals
in a population.
A. Unemployment rate
B. Dependency ratio
C. Stabilization ratio
D. Job reduction rate
25. Education and socioeconomic status are usually inversely related to fertility in
developed nations.
A. True
B. False
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27. Falling death rates and birth rates due to improved living conditions usually
accompany economic development. This pattern is called _______.
A. Population overshoot
B. Irruptive growth
C. Demographic transition
D. Exponential growth
E. Economic transition
29. In some countries, populations are growing so rapidly that human demands exceed
the sustainable yield of local forests, grasslands, croplands, and water resources. These
countries are said to be stuck in a _______ trap.
A. Demographic
B. Growth
C. Dependency
D. Logistic
E. Prosperity
31. (p.87) A sustained drop in birth rates is usually preceded by a drop in infant and child
mortality.
A. True
B. False
33. Family planning allows couples to _______.
A. Control their reproductive lives
B. Have fewer children
C. Have more children
D. A and B only
E. A, B, and C
35. A _______ is a mechanical barrier that prevents contact between sperm and egg.
A. Norplant insert
B. Progesterone
C. Tubal ligation
D. Diaphragm
E. Contraceptive patch
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