Supplemental Table 1. Diagnostic codes (ICD-10) used for identifying cases of severe maternal
morbidity
Organ failure: Acute renal failure (N17), Acute renal failure during or after delivery (O904), Acute and
subacute liver failure (K720), Acute respiratory failure (ARDS) (J80)
Pulmonary edema (J81)
Acute respiratory insufficiency (J960)
Respiratory arrest (R092)
Shock (cardiogenic, hypovolemic, septic, and unspecified) (R57)
Cerebro-vascular diseases: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (I60), Cerebral hemorrhage (I61), Other nontraumatic intracranial hemorrhage (I62), Cerebral infarction (I63), Hypertensive encephalopathy (I674),
Cerebral venous thrombosis during pregnancy (O225), Cerebral venous thrombosis during puerperium
(O873), Anoxic brain damage (G931), Encephalopathy, unspecified (G934), Cerebral compression (G935),
Brain edema (G936)
Cardiovascular diseases: Pulmonary embolism (I26), Obstetric embolism (O88), Hypertensive heart
disease with heart failure (I110), Acute myocardial infarction (I21), Other specified forms of acute
ischemic heart disease (I248), Acute ischemic heart disease, unspecified (I249), Cardiac arrest (I46),
Ventricular arrhythmia (I490), Dissection of the aorta (I710), Ruptured thoracic aneurysm (I711),
Ruptured abdominal aneurysm of the aorta (I715), Rupture of an aneurysm of the aorta, unspecified
location (I718),
Severe pre-eclampsia (Pre-eclampsia was defined as a near-miss diagnosis only when HELLP syndrome
or Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) had emerged.), eclampsia: HELLP syndrome (O142),
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) (D65), Eclamptic seizures (O15)
Uterine rupture: Rupture of uterus before onset of contractions (O710), Rupture of uterus during
contractions (O711)
Sepsis: Sepsis caused by streptococci (A40), Other sepsis (A41), Sepsis caused by actinomycosis (A427),
Sepsis caused by Candida (B377)