CHEMICAL BONDS – Chapter 20
_____________________________ depend on ___________________________________________________
Therefore, chemical _____________________ and __________________________ (how an element reacts)
depend on an element’s ___________________________________________________________________
Which families on the Periodic Table are UNSTABLE because of their electron configurations?
STABLE ELECTRON CONFIGURATION:
Which group does this describe?_____________________________________________
What do elements with ________________________________________________ do?
They ___________________________________ and form compounds
IONIC BONDING
IONIC BONDING – the _______________________________________________________________________
through ________________________________________________________________________
Both Sodium and Chlorine are now _____________________________ in their highest energy levels
What types of elements are Sodium and Chlorine?
Sodium = ____________________ and Chlorine = ______________________________
IONIC BONDING – the forming of a stable electron configuration through electron transfer between a
______________________________and a ____________________________________
When an atom gains or loses electrons, what does it get?
_____________________________
ION: an atom with a ________________________________________ from ____________________________
____________________________
In the bond, ______________________________________________ (loses electrons) and
___________________________________________________ (gains electrons).
Positive Ion ( ____________________)
Negative Ion ( __________________)
WHAT DO OPPOSITE CHARGES DO?
_____________________
This is how the IONIC BOND forms
HOW can you predict which elements will make positive cations and which will make negative anions?
Ionization Energy: __________________________________________________
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Which side GIVES UP electrons more easily? __________________________________________
Which side has the MOST PULL? ________________________________________
Ionization Energy: the ability to PULL ON ELECTRONS
TELLS YOU THE ______________________________________
Take out your Periodic Table.
Predict the charges of the ions for A Groups
PROPERTIES OF IONIC COMPOUNDS
_____________________________________________________________
_________________________________________
__________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
NAMING IONIC COMPOUNDS
NaCl – ______________________________
HF – _________________________________
MgI2 – _________________________________
KBr - ___________________________________
This is Binary Nomenclature
CHEMICAL BONDS – Covalent
Chemical PROPERTIES depend on the number of valence electrons
Therefore, chemical bonding and reactivity depend on an element’s electron
configuration.
STABLE ELECTRON CONFIGURATION:
Which group does this describe?_____________________________________________
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What do elements with UNSTABLE ELECTRON CONFIGURATIONS do?
They __________________
COVALENT BONDING
COVALENT BONDING – ___________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Both Hydrogens are ______________________________ in their highest energy levels
What type of element is Hydrogen?
Hydrogen = ____________________
What element is this?
_________________________
COVALENT BONDING – the forming of a stable electron configuration through electron
SHARING _______________________________________________________________
How many electrons are shared in each picture? __________________
________________ = ______________________
This is called a _____________________________________
Each atom ___________________________________________ to fill its outer shell

This is how you DRAW a SINGLE COVALENT BOND

A _______________________ means each atom shared _________________________
each to get full.
How would you show the bond between Carbon and Hydrogen?

How would you DRAW the bond between Carbon and Hydrogen?
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What kind of bond would 2 oxygen atoms form?
________________________
How many electrons does each atom need?
 _______________
 How many TOTAL electrons are shared?
 ____________________
 How would you draw this?
This is a _________________________________________________________________
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What kind of bond would 2 nitrogen atoms form?
___________________________
How many electrons does each atom need?
________________
How many total electrons are shared?
______________________________
How would you draw this?
This is a ________________________________________
Sometimes electrons are ________________________________________
This is called a _______________________________________
The molecule has a ________________________ and
________________________ side
Whenever electrons are _________________________, the thing that is formed is
called a _____________________________________.

How do you write the Chemical Formula for a MOLECULE?
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____________
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___________
_____________
_______________
HOW DO YOU NAME A MOLECULE?
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 H2 O
 Dihydrogen oxide
 CO2
 _________________________
 CaCO3
 __________________________
 HCl
 __________________________
 HNO3
 _____________________________
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