Unit 2 Topic 3: The Voice of the Genome
MY NOTES
Plant and Animal cells





Definition of eukaryotes and prokaryotes and differences between them.
Identify Eukaryotic Organelles from EM images, including nucleus, nucleolus,
ribosomes, rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria,
centrioles, lysosomes, and golgi apparatus.
Identify Eukaryotic Organelles functions.
Identify Prokaryote structures and functions from EM images
Recall that the cells of a multicellular organism can be organised into tissues,
tissues into organs and organs into systems.
Cell Cycle & Mitosis




DNA structure and chromosome structure
Cell cycle stages
Identify stages in Mitosis from microscope images
The role/use of cell cycle
Meiosis



Stages
Crossing over, recombinants and independent assortment
Role and importance of meiosis
Plant Gametes and fertilisation





Plant reproductive organs
Gamete structure and relation to function
Pollination types
Fertilisation, including pollen tube growth, double fertilisation and the
formation of endosperm
Importance of sexual reproduction
Human Gametes and fertilisation



Human reproductive organs
Gamete structure and relation to function
Fertilisation, including acrosome reaction
Stem Cells


Events post fertilisation in the mammalian zygote
Differential gene expression producing active mRNA leading to specialisation


Defining terms stem cell, pluripotency and totipotency
How society uses scientific knowledge to make decisions about the use of
stem cells in medical therapies.
Phenotype expression




Relationship between phenotype, genotype and the environment
Examples of the interactions between the genotype and the environment to
confer the phenotype, including animal hair colour, human height, monoamine
oxidase A (MAOA) and cancers
Identify the relative contributions of genes and environment on the phenotype
Define polygenic inheritance and continuous variation