Homologous Structures: Activity Hand-out
PART I. Human Hand/Arm Observation:
On the diagram, identify the bones:
Now, color the diagram following the following guide:
Phalanges(fingers)- yellow
Carpals (palm)- blue
Wrist- green
Ulna & Radius- orange
Humerus- red
PART II. Competitor Skeletal Observation:
1. Observe the following appendages and identify the function:
APPENDAGES
FUNCTION
A. The Bird Wing
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B. The Flipper of the Dolphin
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C. Butterfly Wing
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2. Using the diagram of the human hand & arm, name bones that you can identify on the diagrams provided
A. Bird Wing
B. Flipper of Dolphin
C. Butterfly Wing- Do they have bones?***
Guiding Questions:
Do any of the 4 organisms (animals) look similar on the outside? Use specific examples
Do any of the 4 organisms (animals) use the appendages in the same way? Use specific examples
Compare the internal structures of the appendages. Use specific examples to support,
1. One of these things is not like the other!
Which organism has an internal appendage structure that is different? How do you know?
2. For the remaining organisms, describe:
a. How is the internal design of the common appendage similar?
b. How is the internal design different?
3. How would you explain the similarities you see?
4. On the following phylogenetic tree, place the name of the organism on the branch that shows their accurate
evolutionary relationship.
5. Which organism did you put closest to the human? Why?
6. Write a summary to submit to the Olympic counsel about your findings. Organize your response in a way that clearly
shows which organisms are more closely related using supporting evidence as well as those that are distant
WE SHOULD HAVE SOME MANNER OF “TIME” ADDRESSED HERE
Write a hypothesis to explain the development of the dolphin flipper* (EXTENSION IDEA)
7.
Superficial
Summarize the similarities among these 3:
Identify the differences that you see:
Now, compare and contrast the superficial function with the skeletal structures
Pictures:
Color the homologous structures on the diagrams below
Choose a color to represent one structure