Вопросы для государственной аттестации на ИДО - 2013
Lexicology
1.
Lexicology as a branch of linguistics.
2.
Classification of native words.
3.
Classification of borrowings according to the source/ origin.
4.
Assimilation of borrowings.
5.
Latin, French, Spanish, Italian borrowings.
6.
Celtic, Scandinavian, German, Russian borrowings.
7.
American English as a variant of the English language.
8.
Affixation.
9.
Word-composition.
10.
Conversion.
11.
Minor ways of word-formation.
12.
Neologisms and occasional words.
13.
Archaisms and historisms.
14.
Semantic change and semantic transfer.
15.
Polysemy.
16.
Homonymy.
17.
Antonymy.
18.
Synonymy.
19.
Classification of phraseological units.
20.
Types of dictionaries.
Theoretical Phonetics
1.
Phonetics as a branch of linguistics. Segmental and suprasegmental levels in phonetics.
Phonology.
2.
Four aspects of speech sounds. What is a phoneme? Describe the mentalistic, the materialistic, the abstract, and the functional approaches to the definition.
3.
Methods of investigation in phonetics and phonology. Distribution.
4.
Distinctive and non-distinctive features of English vowels. Enumerate and explain the status of each feature.
5.
Distinctive and non-distinctive features of English consonants. Enumerate and explain the status of each feature.
6.
Syllable. Articulatory, acoustic, and functional approaches.
7.
Word stress, its nature, position, and phonological status in English.
8.
Prosody and intonation. Main functions of speech melody, terminal tone, sentence stress, rhythm, tempo, pausation, voice quality.
9.
Phonostylistics. Segmental and suprasegmental phonostylistic peculiarities.
10.
National varieties of English pronunciation. British English. Received Pronunciation.
British dialects.
Theoretical Grammar
1.
Grammatical category as a unity of grammatical meaning and grammatical form. Types of oppositions. Types of oppositional reduction: neutralization and transposition.
2.
Morphemic structure of the word. Traditional classifications of morphemes. Distributive classifications of morphemes.
3.
The principles of the division of words into parts of speech. Open and close classes of words. Ch.Fries's classification of words.
4.
The noun. Its general characteristics. The problem of gender in nouns.
5.
The problem of case in nouns. The categories of number and determination.

6.
The adjective. Its general characteristics. The categories of degrees of comparison. The status of grammatical forms with "more", "most", "less", "least". The Elative Most
Construction. Substantivisation of adjectives. The problem of stative.
7.
The pronoun, classes of pronouns, their general characteristics. The problem of pronoun.
8.
The verb, its general characteristics, classifications of verbs. The categories of number, person.
9.
The categories of tense and aspect.
10.
The category of mood.
11.
The category of voice.
12.
The category of phase.
13.
The category of finitude. The classification of non-finite forms in English. Verbal and nominal features of non-finite forms. The problem of -ing forms.
14.
The sentence and the phrase as basic syntactic units. Communicative types of sentences.
15.
Traditional classification of phrases (predicative: primary and secondary; subordinate; coordinate). Types of syntactic subordination (agreement, government, adjoinment, enclosure). Modern classifications of phrases (Barkhudarov's, Burlakova's, Bloomfield's,
Jespersen's, Kruisinga's etc).
16.
Methods of sentence analysis. Sentence parsing. The IС method of sentence analysis.
Transformational grammar. Transformational method of sentence analysis.
17.
The principal sentence parts. The secondary sentence parts.
18.
The simple sentence. One - member and elliptical sentences in English.
19.
Cases of transition from simple to composite sentences.
20.
The composite sentence as a polypredicative construction.
21.
Functional sentence perspective. Linguistic signals of expressing the rheme and the theme.
22.
Substitution and representation.
23.
Semantic aspect of the sentence. Semantic configuration of the sentence. Semantic roles.
24.
Pragmatics. Types of presupposition. Speech acts. Direct and indirect speech acts.
Stylistics
1.
Stylistics as a branch of linguistics. Object of study, aims of investigation.
2.
Paradigmatic and syntagmatic stylistics. Bilateral classification of stylistic means.
3.
The notion of style and sublanguages. Three classes of linguistic units. The notion of norm.
4.
Stylistic phonetics.
5.
The notions of stylistic neutrality and stylistic colouring.
6.
Stylistic morphology.
7.
Stylistic semasiology as a branch of stylistics. General classification of figures of replacement. Figures of quantity. Figures of quality.
8.
Stylistic semasiology as a branch of stylistics. Figures of co-occurrence.
9.
Stylistic lexicology as a branch of stylistics. General Classification of the English vocabulary.
10.
Super-neutral words and their stylistic functions.
11.
Sub-neutral words and their stylistic functions.
12.
Stylistic syntax as a branch of stylistics. Classification of expressive syntactical devices.
13.
Syntactical devices based upon absence of syntactical elements.
14.
Syntactical devices based upon excess of syntactical elements.
15.
Syntactical devices based upon unusual distribution of elements. Syntactical devices based upon shifts of syntactical meanings.

History of English
1.
Indo - European and Germanic vowel systems, phonetic changes.
2.
Indo - European and Germanic consonant systems, phonetic changes.
3.
Indo - European and Germanic grammatical systems. Nominal parts of speech.
4.
Indo - European and Germanic grammatical systems. The Verb. Word order.
5.
Old English vowel system, phonetic changes.
6.
Old English consonant system, phonetic changes.
7.
Old English Noun declension.
8.
Pronouns and adjectives in Old English.
9.
Old English verbs. Grammatical categories.
10.
Old English Syntax (syntactic relations in phrases, word order, negation).
11.
Middle English Phonetics. Changes in the alphabet and spelling.
12.
Nominal parts of speech in Middle English.
13.
Changes in the system of verbs in Middle English.
14.
Non-finite forms of the verb in Old English and their further development.
15.
Middle English Syntax. Phrases. The simple sentence.
16.
Early Modern English phonetic changes.
17.
Early Modern English Grammar. Nominal parts of speech. New groupings of verbs.
Formation of a standard sentence.