Name:____________________
Quarter 3 Study Guide
Date:_______________________
This test will cover the following units from this quarter:

Mitosis and Cell Division

DNA and RNA

Protein Synthesis

Meiosis

Genetics
*Note: More than half of the test will focus on Meiosis and Genetics, since we did not have a separate quiz for those
units.
*Test Date: Thursday, April 2nd
This study guide is due at the beginning of class on the day of the test. It is worth up to 15 extra credit points.
Important vocabulary words are bolded for those who wish to make flash cards.
1. Name 3 reasons why cells in your body may need to produce new cells:
Reason 1:
Reason 2:
Reason 3:
2. List the 4 phases of mitosis.
3. List the 8 phases of meiosis.
4. How many daughter cells are produced through mitosis? How is this different from meiosis?
5. _________________ is the phase in which cells spend the majority of their lives. It is not part of
mitosis.
6. _________________ is the phase when cells physically split in half. It happens immediately after
mitosis.
7. How are cancer cells different from regular cells? Be specific:
8. How are sex cells (gametes) different from somatic cells (body cells)?
9. Meiosis is important for producing __________ cells. Mitosis is important for creating __________
cells.
10. For each picture below, write whether they going through sexual or asexual reproduction.
11. ________________ is a method of asexual reproduction in which bacteria splits into two.
12. Why is it important for chromosomes (DNA) to be copied before cell division?
13. Label the following components of the picture below:
Cell
Centromere
DNA (Double Helix)
Chromosome
Base Pairs
Nucleotides
Nucleus
Gene
Sister Chromatids
14. Draw a picture of a DNA model. Describe the shape of DNA.
15. Draw a picture of an RNA model. Describe the shape of RNA (how is it different from DNA)?
16. DNA is made of subunits called _______________.
17. What is chromatin?
18. What are mutations?
19. What letters represent the four bases in a DNA molecule?
a. A,B, C, D
b. A, T, G, C
c. W, X, Y, Z
d. E, Y, A, O
20. How many chromosomes do humans typically have?
21. What is a homologous chromosome?
22. What is transcription? (Be specific about what happens in the process of transcription)
23. Where in the cell does transcription happen?
24. What is translation? (Be specific about what happens in the process of translation)
25. Where in the cell does translation happen?
25 ½ . What are the 3 different types of RNA? What is the function of each type?
26. What would happen to your body and your cells if protein synthesis (transcription and translation)
didn’t happen? Why?
27. How is meiosis related to the study of Genetics?
28. Sections of DNA that code for specific traits are called ______________.
29. What are alleles?
30. Under complete dominance, what are the two general types of alleles? How are they represented?
31. An individual who is homozygous dominant has ______________________________________.
32. An individual who is homozygous recessive has ______________________________________.
33. An individual who is heterozygous has _____________________________________________.
34. Joey has Type O blood.
A. What is Joey’s genotype?
B. What is Joey’s phenotype?
35. Layla has Type AB blood.
A. What is Layla’s genotype?
B. What is Layla’s phenotype?
36. Use a Punnett square to determine the possible genotypes of the offspring of Joey and Layla.
37. Joey also is heterozygous for a widow’s peak (the allele for widow’s peak is dominant). Layla also has
a widow’s peak and is heterozygous. Use a Punnett square to determine how many of Joey and Layla’s
offspring will also have widow’s peaks:
38. Given that Layla’s heterozygous for both ABO blood type and widow’s peak, what are the 4 unique
gametes (egg cells) that she could produce (the 4 different combinations of alleles):
39. Use either a dihybrid cross or compound probability to determine the likelihood that Joey and Layla will
have a baby that has Type A blood and no widow’s peak:
40. If a child has blue eyes and both of her parents have brown eyes, what does this tell you about the
allele for blue eyes?
41. Use the Punnett square to answer the question that follows:
?
?
S
SS
SS
s
Ss
What is the unknown genotype?
Ss