Name: ___________________________ Instructor: ____________Red Grade: ________ Black Grade: _
68_____
LO:
Chapter 6:
Conceptual Work Sheets for
Extinction After Reinforcement and Recovery
from Punishment
Please finish the following questions, fill in the blank contingencies and analyze complete diagrams.
Definition: REVIEW
Reinforcement
 The response-contingent
 presentation of
 a reinforcer
 resulting in an increased frequency of that response.
Life in the Skinner Box Revisited
Even though water-deprived Rudolph presses the lever,
you no longer give him a drop of water. As a result, he
stops pressing.
3. Please analyze Rudolph’s behavior and put this example in the contingency diagram.
Before
Behavior
After
Definition: Principle
Extinction
 Stopping the reinforcement or escape contingency
 for a previously reinforced response
 causes the response frequency to decrease
Life in the Skinner Box
Each time water-deprived Rudolph presses the lever, you
give him a drop of water. As a result, he presses the lever
frequently.
1. Please analyze Rudolph’s behavior and put his example in the contingency diagram.
Before
Behavior
After
4. What is this a diagram of?
A.extinction
B.reinforcement
C.escape
D.punishment
5.What will happen to the future frequency of Rudolph’s behavior?
A.increase
B.decrease
C.stays the same
The Real World -- Part I.
2. What type of contingency is this?
A.reinforcement
B.punishment
C.escape
D.penalty
Every time my dog, Snickers, wants me to play with him,
he will sit in front of me and whine. Eventually I give in
and give him the attention he is begging for.
February 16, 2016
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6. Please diagram Snickers’ contingency.
Before
Behavior
11.
Analyze my behavior and put this example in the
contingency diagram.
After
Before
7. What is this a contingency diagram of?
A.reinforcement
B.escape
C.punishment
D.penalty
Eventually, if I ignore Snickers and don’t give him any attention, he will go entertain himself.
8. Please diagram Snickers’ contingency.
Before
Behavior
After
9. What is this a diagram of?
A.reinforcement
B.extinction
C.punishment
D.penalty
10.What will happen to the future frequency of Snickers’
behavior?
A.increase
B.decrease
C.stay the same
The Advice Giver-Part 1
In staff meetings with my graduate assistants, I often suggest brilliant though time-consuming ways we can change
our courses to get better results. My assistants all heartily
agree, even commenting on my great insights as a behavioral systems analyst.
Behavior
After
12. What is the contingency?
A.reinforcement
B.punishment
C.extinction
D.recovery
The Advice Giver-Part 2
In faculty meetings with my colleagues, I also used to suggest similar brilliant though time-consuming ways we
could change our programs to get better long-term results
because in the past, my colleagues also gave me approval.
But then my colleagues stopped agreeing and never commented on the brilliance of my insights, at least not favorably. So I gradually stopped making those suggestions in the
faculty meetings.
Here is what one student gave as an analysis:
Before
Behavior
After
I’m not agreed
with
I make a
suggestion
I no longer
make
suggestions
13.What Criterion does this contingency example violate
on the pink sheet?
A.the action test
B.the deadman test
C.the related-outcomes test
D.the response-unit test
14. Now it’s your turn. Analyze the contingency when
my colleagues stopped agreeing and making comments:
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Before
Behavior
After
18.Please diagram Rudolph’s new “contingency”.
Before
Behavior
After
I make a
suggestion
15.What is this a diagram of?
A.reinforcement
B.punishment
C.escape
D.extinction
19.What is this a diagram of?
A.reinforcement
B.punishment
C.penalty
D.extinction
Harsh Life in the Skinner Box
Escape Contingency
 The response-contingent
 removal of
 an aversive stimulus
 resulting in an increased frequency of that response.
20.What will happen to the future frequency of Rudolph’s lever press behavior?
A.increase
B.decrease
C.stay the same
Harsh Life in the Baby Crib
Every now and then, as Rudolph sits in his Skinner box, a
mild, but aversive electric shock is turned on. And when he
presses the lever, you remove the aversive electric shock.
16.Please diagram Rudolph’s contingency.
Before
Behavior
Every now and then, as Eric lies in his crib, he wets his diapers and then experiences the resulting aversiveness. And
when he cries, his mother immediately removes the wet diaper along with its aversiveness.
21. Please diagram the contingency for Eric’s crying.
After
Before
17.What type of contingency is this?
A.reinforcement
B.escape
C.punishment
D.penalty
But now, even though Rudolph presses the lever, you fail
to remove the shock. (Of course, this hypothetical example
is just for illustration; in reality, you would never do this…
would you?)
Behavior
After
22.What type of contingency is this?
A.reinforcement
B.escape
C.punishment
D.penalty
The above contingency is tricky but lets take a closer look.
If you read the problem again, you can see that we are removing an aversive condition (the wet diaper), not presenting a reinforcer.
But now Eric’s mother is stoned; she’s so whacked out of
her head that she either doesn’t hear him or maybe she just
can’t get it together to rescue her son from his discomfort.
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23.Please diagram this new “contingency” for Eric’s
crying.
Before
Behavior
After
24.What is this a diagram of?
A.reinforcement
B.punishment
C.penalty
D.extinction
25.What will happen to the future frequency of Eric’s
crying? (Yeah, the answer to this last question may
be debatable; but assume the only reason Eric’s been
crying is because of the escape contingency.)
A.increase
B.decrease
C.stay the same
Original Example of Extinction
One exceptional student example:
- Reinforcement: No “Thank you”; Hold door for
someone; “Thank you”
- Extinction: No “Thank you”; Hold door for someone;
No “Thank you”
– After a while, you won’t hold the door open for people if no one ever says thank you.
26.Please describe an original example of extinction.
27.Please diagram the reinforcement contingency in
your example:
Before
Behavior
After
28.Please diagram the extinction “contingency” for
your example:
Before
Behavior
After
29. Is this extinction after
A.reinforcement
B.escape
Definition: Review
Punishment Contingency
 The response-contingent
 presentation of
 an aversive stimulus (negative reinforcer)
 resulting in a decreased frequency of that response
Definition: Principle
Recovery From Punishment
 Stopping the punishment or penalty contingency
 for a previously punished response
 causes the response rate to increase
 to its rate before the punishment or penalty contingency
Back in the Skinner Box
Now, every time Rudolph presses the lever, he not only
gets a drop of water, but also a mild electric shock.
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30. Please diagram the contingencies for Rudolph’s behavior of pressing the lever.
Reinforcement or Escape
Contingency
Before
After
The Real World Two
Little Jimmy loves to see the products of his artistic talent
on the white walls of Mom and Dad’s bedroom. But, every
time Mom catches him in the middle of his artistic frenzy,
she gives him an aversive scolding.
35. Please diagram Jimmy’s contingency.
Behavior
Reinforcement or Escape
Contingency
Before
After
Before
After
Behavior
Punishment or Penalty
Contingency
Before
31. What will happen to the future frequency of Rudolph’s
pressing the lever, now that the shock has been added?
A.increase
B.decrease
C.stay the same
32. Now you no longer shock Rudolph when he presses the
lever. Please diagram this contingency.
Reinforcement or Escape
Before
After
Punishment or Penalty
Contingency
36. What will happen to the future frequency of Jimmy’s
behavior?
A.increase
B.decrease
C.stay the same
By definition, a punishment contingency decreases the response. Now for the next question, let’s get realistic: It
isn’t likely that Jimmy’s mother will usually catch him in
the act and be able to scold him right away.
Behavior
Before
After
After
37. Which Contingency-Diagramming Criterion does this
fail?
A.the Deadman Test
B.the Sixty Second Test
C.the Stimulus Test
D.the Related-outcome Test
Recovery
33. What is the bottom diagram called?
A. punishment
B. penalty
C. recovery from Punishment
D. extinction
34. What will happen to the frequency of Rudolph pressing the lever?
A. increase
B. decrease
C. stay the same
The Real World -- Part Three
Sarah, a four year old autistic child exhibits extreme selfstimulatory behavior and extreme self-destructive behavior.
In other words, the stimuli resulting from self-stimulation
were reinforcers for Sarah; and for some reason, the results
of her self-destructive behavior, for example hitting herself, were also reinforcing, though the reinforcing results
might have been the typical reactions of the surrounding
adults. Every time Sarah exhibited these behaviors, you
remove her opportunity to play (of course, play is a strong
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reinforcer for her). (By the way this is a time-out contingency).
38. Please diagram the contingency for Sarah’s behavior.
Reinforcement or Escape
Contingency
After
Before
Behavior
Sarah has sensory
stimulation.
Before
42. Give an original example of recovery from punishment
or penalty. The diagram in #43 includes the underlying reinforcement or escape contingency that maintains the punished response. Please describe your example here:
After
43. First diagram the contingencies.
Punishment or Penalty
Contingency
To prove that time-out was actually reducing selfstimulatory and self-destructive behaviors, the behavior
analyst stopped the time-out contingency.
39. Please diagram this procedure, that is, the recovery
from punishment or penalty contingency, described
above in the bottom contingency, not the reinforcement or escape contingency.
Before
Original Example of Recovery
Behavior
Reinforcement or Escape
Contingency
Before
After
Behavior
Before
After
After
Opportunity to
play
40. With recovery from punishment we stop
A. the self-stimulation
B. the time-out contingency
Punishment or Penalty
Contingency
44. Now, please diagram the recovery procedure for your
example. Again, diagram the punishment/penalty contingency and not the reinforcement/escape contingency.
Before
Behavior
After
41. What is this an example of?
A.extinction
B.recovery from either punishment or penalty
C.punishment
D.escape
45. Is this recovery from…
A.punishment
B.penalty
Please put one of your original examples on a transparency
to share with the rest of the class.
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