CHAPTER 7
WHERE IT STARTS–––PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Multiple-Choice Questions
Please note that Multiple-Choice Questions 29–33 and 52–57 are also available on JoinIn™ for Turning Point®.
IMPACTS, ISSUES: SUNLIGHT AND SURVIVAL
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1.
Which of the following statements is NOT true concerning autotrophs?
a. They get carbon from the environment.
b. They obtain energy from the environment.
c. They make their own food.
d. They provide food for others.
e. They require no more than energy and a carbon source to make their food.
2.
The first prokaryotes were
a. photosynthetic autotrophs.
b. heterotrophs.
c. chemoautotrophs.
d. chemoheterotrophs.
e. anaerobic photoautotrophs.
3.
The ultimate source for food for most organisms is
a. the sea.
b. the soil.
c. a certain group of food crops.
d. the sun.
e. the network of metabolic pathways found in all living organisms.
4.
The conversion of solar energy to chemical energy occurs during
a. chemosynthesis.
b. photosynthesis.
c. anaerobic respiration.
d. fermentation.
e. all of these
5.
Photoautotrophs that use water as a source of electrons
a. require less sunlight energy for photosynthesis than those that do not.
b. produce less carbohydrate than those that do not.
c. increase the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
d. increase the concentration of oxygen in the atmosphere.
e. release H2 as a by-product.
6.
The appearance of high concentrations of oxygen in the atmosphere of the early earth resulted in
a. the disappearance of many prokaryotes.
b. relegation of some prokaryotes to anaerobic environments.
c. the creation of the ozone layer.
d. the emergence of life from the seas onto land.
e. all of these
7.
Chemosynthetic organisms
a. derive energy from sunlight.
b. derive energy by stripping hydrogen from inorganic compounds such as sulfur compounds.
c. are anaerobic forms that live in the dark.
d. are a form of heterotrophic life.
e. are small because they are unable to acquire enough energy to synthesize complex food molecules.
8.
The basic raw material(s) needed by plants for photosynthesis is(are)
a. N2.
b. carbohydrates.
c. O2.
d. enzymes.
e. none of these
9.
Organisms that derive their chemical energy from the process of chemosynthesis are
a. autotrophic.
b. parasitic.
c. heterotrophic.
d. saprophytic.
e. any of these
10.
Heterotrophs
a. are self-feeders.
b. are independent of other forms of life for energy.
c. characteristically use inorganic compounds as energy sources.
d. are animals only.
e. none of these
11.
Animals obtain their energy and carbon from
a. the sun and atmosphere directly.
b. compounds produced by autotrophs.
c. inorganic sources.
d. compounds produced by chemotrophs.
e. all of these
SUNLIGHT AS AN ENERGY SOURCE
12.
38
Plants need which of the following to carry on photosynthesis?
a. carbon dioxide and water
b. nitrogen and hydrogen
c. oxygen and nitrogen
d. oxygen and hydrogen
e. none of these
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13.
Which of the following statements is NOT true?
a. Photons are packages of solar energy.
b. Each photon consists of a fixed amount of energy.
c. The most energetic photons travel in longer wavelengths.
d. Photons with different energy levels are perceived as exhibiting different colors.
e. Photons of visible light have wavelengths longer than 750 nanometers.
14.
Which of the following statements about the electromagnetic spectrum is true?
a. Infrared energy is sufficient to produce ionization.
b. Infrared radiation has more energy than red radiation.
c. Visible light has more energy than ultraviolet radiation.
d. Chlorophyll absorbs some visible wavelengths, but not all.
e. Chloroplasts absorb all wavelengths of visible light equally.
15.
Which of the following colors of light has the greatest energy?
a. red
b. yellow
c. orange
d. blue
e. green
16.
Which of the following colors of light has the shortest wavelength?
a. red
b. yellow
c. orange
d. blue
e. green
17.
Which of the following statements is(are) true of pigments?
a. They absorb some photons.
b. They reflect some photons.
c. They absorb photons of specific colors.
d. They absorb photons of specific wavelengths.
e. all of these
18.
Chlorophyll reflects which color of light?
a. red
b. yellow
c. orange
d. green
e. blue
19.
Which of the following are accessory pigments in plant photosynthesis?
a. carotenoids
b. xanthophylls
c. anthocyanins
d. chlorophyll b
e. all of these
Chapter 7 Where It Starts––Photosynthesis
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20.
A pigment absorbs a photon only if the energy of the photon is
a. exactly enough to boost an electron of the pigment to a higher energy level.
b. slightly more than the energy of the electron absorbing the photon.
c. significantly more than the energy of the electron absorbing the photon.
d. exactly twice the energy of the electron absorbing the photon.
e. any of these, depending on the type of pigment
21.
Which of the following statements is NOT true concerning an electron that has absorbed a photon?
a. It moves to a higher energy level.
b. It becomes more stable.
c. It quickly returns to its original energy level.
d. It may emit energy as a photon.
e. It may emit energy as heat.
22.
The first event of photosynthesis is the
a. hydrolysis of water.
b. synthesis of sugar.
c. transfer of an electron from chlorophyll.
d. manufacturing of ATP.
e. synthesis of NADPH.
23.
When a pigment molecule absorbs light energy,
a. it becomes more stable.
b. it may gain an electron.
c. an electron from an inner energy level may move to another level.
d. an electron from an outer energy level may move to an inner level.
e. a proton may be ejected from the nucleus of the atom.
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24.
The first event in photosynthesis is the
a. formation of phosphoglyceric acid.
b. donation of an electron from a photosystem to an acceptor.
c. fixation of carbon dioxide.
d. breakdown of the thylakoid membrane.
e. formation of phosphoglyceraldehyde.
25.
Which of the following choices is NOT true?
a. Carotenoids use yellow and red light to assist in photosynthesis.
b. Carotenoids are accessory pigments that capture certain energy from light and transfer it to chlorophyll a.
c. The presence of carotenoids in a leaf is masked by the presence of chlorophyll throughout the growing season.
d. Carotenoids absorb blue and violet wavelengths and reflect red, orange, and yellow.
e. Both carotenoids and anthocyanins reflect red wavelengths.
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FOCUS ON SCIENCE: HARVESTING THE RAINBOW
26.
Engelmann’s investigation to determine the effective wavelengths of light in photosynthesis depended on a photosynthetic alga’s
a. use of CO2.
b. release of O2.
c. use of H2O.
d. use of ATP.
e. production of carbohydrate.
27.
Which of the following is the best light for plant growth according to the results of Engelmann’s investigation?
a. blue
b. green
c. yellow
d. orange
e. mostly violet with some red
28.
Engelmann was unaware of which of the following facts?
a. Algae are capable of photosynthesis.
b. Some bacteria are aerobic.
c. Visible light is made up of various wavelengths.
d. Oxygen is released in photosynthesis.
e. Pigments are involved in photosynthesis.
Questions 29–33 refer to the figure above illustrating the results from Engelmann’s investigation.
29.
The experiment was designed to determine
a. what wavelengths comprise visible light.
b. what colors are contained in visible light.
c. if bacteria are attracted to oxygen.
d. if photosynthesis releases oxygen.
e. none of these
30.
According to the figure, the most effective wavelength for photosynthesis is in the alga that is at _____ nanometers.
a. 680
b. 700
c. 400
d. 475
e. 550
31.
According to the figure, the alga produces the least amount of oxygen at _____ nanometers.
a. 680
b. 700
c. 400
d. 475
e. 550
The alga’s photosynthetic pigments absorb _____, according to the figure.
a. high energy wavelengths of light only
b. low energy wavelengths of light only
c. both high and low energy wavelengths of light
d. high to medium energy wavelengths of light
e. medium to low energy wavelengths of light
32.
33.
The best light to grow the alga in is _____, according to the figure.
a. blue-violet
b. blue-green
c. green-yellow
d. yellow-orange
e. orange-red
34.
Where in a plant cell is chlorophyll found?
a. on the outer chloroplast membrane
b. in the cytoplasm of the cell
c. in the stroma
d. in the thylakoids
e. none of these
35.
Photosystems are mainly
Chapter 7 Where It Starts––Photosynthesis
41
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
light-trapping molecules.
enzymes for splitting water.
clusters of ATP molecules.
sugar assembly sites.
electron transport systems.
OVERVIEW OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS REACTIONS
36.
The carbon source for organisms that derive their energy from photosynthesis is
a. the soil.
b. carbon dioxide.
c. any hydrocarbon.
d. methane.
e. glucose.
37.
Most carbon enters the web of life through
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
chemosynthesis.
aerobic respiration.
anaerobic respiration.
photosynthesis.
decomposition of organic matter.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Which of the following statements is true about NADPH?
It is an enzyme.
It is the oxidized form of NADP+.
It is produced in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis.
It accepts hydrogen and electrons from carbohydrates.
It obtains energy from ATP.
38.
39.
42
Which of the following occurs in the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?
a. Water is broken down.
b. Glucose is produced.
c. Oxygen is released.
d. NADP+ is reduced.
e. ATP is produced.
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40.
Which of the following is NOT involved in the light-dependent reactions?
a. ATP
b. thylakoids
c. chlorophyll
d. stroma
e. water
41.
Where are sugars formed in the chloroplasts?
a. on the outer membrane
b. on the inner membrane
c. in the thylakoid compartment
d. in the stroma
e. within the thylakoid membrane
42.
Actual assembly of sugars during photosynthesis
a. occurs during light-dependent reactions.
b. takes place in the stroma.
c. requires NADP+.
d. requires ATP.
e. all of these
43.
The light-harvesting complexes of photosynthesis are located
a. on the outer surface of the outer membrane.
b. on the inner surface of the outer membrane.
c. in the thylakoid compartment.
d. in the stroma.
e. in the thylakoid membrane.
44.
The first stage of photosynthesis begins with
a. hydrolysis of water.
b. breakdown of ATP.
c. excitation of electrons.
d. phosphorylation of ADP.
e. synthesis of NADPH.
45.
The oxygen released in photosynthesis comes from
a. carbon dioxide.
b. glucose.
c. ribulose bisphosphate.
d. water.
e. atmospheric oxygen.
46.
The internal membrane system of the chloroplast is the
a. thylakoid.
b. stroma.
c. lamella.
d. mitochondrion.
e. tracheid.
LIGHT-DEPENDENT REACTIONS
47.
The two photosystems of the light reactions are designated
a. type 1 and type 2.
b. type I and type II.
c. type A and type B.
d. type 680 and type 700.
e. photosystem I and photosystem II.
Chapter 7 Where It Starts––Photosynthesis
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48.
The two photosystems of the light reactions differ slightly in their
a. carotenoids.
b. xanthophylls.
c. chlorophyll b.
d. chlorophyll a.
e. location in the stroma.
49.
Which of the following statements describes an electron transfer chain?
a. It generates energy from carbohydrates.
b. Cells use it to dispose of excess electrons.
c. It utilizes ATP to synthesize nutrients.
d. It transfers energy, stepwise, from one compound to another.
e. It requires activation by oxygen.
50.
A high concentration of H+ in the thylakoid compartment provides energy for the ______ by_____.
a. breakdown of water; oxidation
b. production of ATP; ATP synthesis
c. reduction of NADP+; an electron transfer chain
d. production of sugars; the light-independent reactions
e. production of O2; photolysis
51.
Which of the following is NOT true concerning photosystem I?
a. It can run independently as a cyclic pathway.
b. It runs as a cyclic pathway when too much NADPH is produced.
c. Electrons from p700 return to p680 when it runs as a cyclic pathway.
d. When it runs as a cyclic pathway, neither NADP+ nor O2 is formed.
e. Its energized electrons are used to build a high H+ concentration.
Questions 52 refers to the figure above.
52.
44
Which of the following is most closely related to the process depicted in the figure?
a. light-independent reactions of photosynthesis
b. electron chain transfer
c. photolysis
d. reduction
e. oxidation
Test Bank