Micr 151 Practice Exam
Winter 2011
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1) The binomial system of nomenclature for microorganisms utilizes
a) the genus and species modifier.
b) the order and species modifier.
c) the kingdom and genus names.
d) the family and order names.
e) the order and genus names.
2) Photosynthetic microorganisms that are eukaryotic but unicellular are placed in the kingdom
a) Protista.
b) Monera.
c) Plantae.
d) Fungi.
3) Koch's postulates provided guidelines for
a) relating certain microorganisms with certain diseases.
b) sterilizing laboratory supplies.
c) understanding the process of phagocytosis.
d) writing scientific papers.
e) all of these.
4) Microbes that grow well in the refrigerator are called:
a) mesophiles.
b) thermophiles.
c) psychrophiles.
d) halophiles.
5) The process by which bacteria reproduce is known as
a) meiosis.
b) spontaneous generation.
c) mitosis.
d) spontaneous mutation.
e) binary fission.
6) Spontaneous generation suggests that life can be formed from
a) preexisting life.
b) lifeless substances.
c) bacteria.
d) sperm and egg.
7) Anton van Leeuwenhoek is considered one of the first persons to describe
a) brain cells.
b) the development of the chick embryo.
c) bacteria.
d) the breathing system of insects.
8) Small molecules of DNA exist in bacteria as circular units. They contain few genes but are extremely
important since they carry traits for drug resistance. These molecules are known as
a) chromosomes.
b) nucleoids.
c) plasmids.
d) nucleoli.
9) Thin, flowing, loosely bound glycocalyx is referred to as
a) capsule
b) slime layer
c) biofilm
d) cell envelope
10) Which of the following sequences expresses a relationship of increasing size?
11)
12)
13)
14)
15)
16)
17)
18)
19)
20)
a) viruses, protozoa, bacteria
b) bacteria, viruses, fungi
c) fungi, protozoa, bacteria
d) viruses, bacteria, protozoa
e) bacteria, fungi, viruses
The nucleic acid of a virus encased in its protein coat is often referred to as the
a) genome.
b) nucleocapsid.
c) virion.
d) capsid.
All the following can be seen with the light microscope except
a) bacteria.
b) protozoa.
c) fungi.
d) molds.
e) viruses.
A microbe that is an aerobic barophile would grow best under conditions with:
a) oxygen and high-pressure.
b) no oxygen and high salt.
c) warm temperatures and high acid.
d) cold temperatures and no oxygen.
Which of these methods can be used to determine the number of viable microorganisms in a sample?
a) light scattering in a spectrophotometer
b) measuring total cell mass
c) measuring colony forming units per ml
d) counting a known volume of cells in a hemocytometer
An organism having pili has the advantage over one which lacks pili because it can
a) move actively.
b) obtain nutrients from beef broth.
c) stain easily.
d) attach to various surfaces including tissue.
e) synthesize glycoproteins.
All the following are variations of cocci except
a) spirococcus.
b) tetrads.
c) diplococcus.
d) streptococcus.
e) staphylococcus.
Viruses consist essentially of
a) a mass of cellular cytoplasm with no membrane.
b) a single granule of sodium metaphosphate.
c) a chlorophyll-containing chloroplast surrounded by a cell wall.
d) a cell membrane enclosing a mass of carbohydrate.
e) a fragment of nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat.
Which of the following does NOT apply to the bacterial glycocalyx?
a) It allows the organism to resist drying.
b) It is composed of carbohydrates and small proteins.
c) It is enclosed by the cell wall.
d) It may be a cause of ropy bread or milk.
e) It may allow an organism to resist phagocytosis.
Organisms that do not require oxygen for growth but grow better in its presence are called
a) facultative anaerobes.
b) microaerophiles.
c) aerotolerant.
d) anoxygenic.
The vegetative form of a protozoan is called a
a)
b)
c)
d)
trophozoite.
cyst.
pellicle.
zoospore.
MATCHING
I.
Select one of the following four choices for each of the phrases below:
a.
endospore
b.
flagellum
c.
glycocalyx
d.
pilus
21) anchors bacteria to the tissue
22) forms when stress is encountered in environment
23) many times the length of the cell
24) coating found outside cell wall
TRUE/FALSE
25) Binary fission is the sexual process by which two bacteria come together and exchange chromosomes
in reproduction.
26) All fungi are eukaryotic.
27) The flagellum is longer than the bacterial cell but is so thin that it cannot be visualized with the light
microscope.
28) The agar in nutrient agar is an important protein source for bacterial growth.
29) Lichens are a partnership between a fungus and a photosynthetic microbe.
30) During the lag phase of microbial growth, the cells are metabolically inactive.
31) The energy yield in aerobic respiration is far less than that which results from fermentation.
32) Microaerophiles grow best in low-oxygen environments.
33) The effect of penicillin, which prevents peptidoglycan construction, is more evident in Gram-positive
than in Gram-negative bacteria.
34) Fungi are mainly anaerobic organisms that grow best in alkaline media such as nutrient agar.
35) Moist heat kills microorganisms by oxidizing their proteins and precipitating their carbohydrates.
36) The goals of pasteurization are to reduce the bacterial population of a liquid and to destroy the
organisms which may cause spoilage and human disease.
37) Dry heat penetrates materials much more rapidly than moist heat.
38) There are no bacteria that can perform photosynthesis.
39) Microbially produced proteins are used to make a variety of products such as laundry detergent,
adhesives, and chocolate-covered cherries.
40) Koch's postulates provided a guide for demonstrating the process of immunity in various animals.
41) Bacteria fit into three broad groups according to their shapes: rod-shaped, spherical, and spiral.
42) Many of the viruses of human disease were isolated and observed during the Golden Age of
Microbiology.
43) All microorganisms are prokaryotes.
44) Protozoa are aerobic organisms enclosed by a cell wall that is composed in part of chitin.
45) Penicillin is equally active against rapidly multiplying and dormant bacteria.
Answer Key
1. a
2. a
3. a
4. c
5. e
6. b
7. c
8. c
9. b
10. d
11. b
12. e
13. a
14. c
15. d
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
a
e
c
a
a
d
a
b
c
F
T
T
F
T
F
F
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
T
T
F
F
T
F
F
T
F
T
F
F
F
F