PROKARYOTES, EUKARYOTES, ORGANELLES, VIRUS, SPECIALIZED CELLS REVIEW
Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____
____
1. The cell theory applies to
a. bacteria.
b. plants and animals.
c. multicellular organisms.
d. all of the above
2. Prokaryotes lack
a. cytoplasm.
b. a cell membrane.
c. a nucleus.
d. genetic material.
____
3. Which of the following organisms are prokaryotes?
a. plants
c. bacteria
b. animals
d. all of the above
____
4. Which of the following is a function of the nucleus?
a. stores DNA
b. controls most of the cell’s processes
c. contains the information needed to make proteins
d. all of the above
____
5. Which of the following is NOT found in the nucleus?
a. cytoplasm
c. chromatin
b. nucleolus
d. DNA
____
6. Which of the following statements explains why the nucleus is important to cells?
a. Only eukaryotes have nuclei.
b. Only prokaryotes have nuclei.
c. The nucleus contains coded instructions for making proteins.
d. The nucleus is surrounded by a nuclear envelope.
____
7. Which of the following structures is found in the cytoplasm?
a. nucleolus
c. chromatin
b. ribosome
d. cell wall
____
8. Which organelle breaks down food into molecules the cell can use?
a. Golgi apparatus
c. endoplasmic reticulum
b. lysosome
d. mitochondrion
____
9. Which structure makes proteins using coded instructions that come from the nucleus?
a. Golgi apparatus
c. vacuole
b. mitochondrion
d. ribosome
____ 10. Which organelle converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the
cell to use?
a. chloroplast
c. endoplasmic reticulum
b. Golgi apparatus
d. mitochondrion
____ 11. Which organelles help provide cells with energy?
a. mitochondria and chloroplasts
c. smooth endoplasmic reticulum
b. rough endoplasmic reticulum
d. Golgi apparatus and ribosomes
____ 12. Which sequence correctly traces the path of a protein in the cell?
a. rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, released from the cell
b. ribosome, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, chloroplast
c. smooth endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome, Golgi apparatus
d. mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum, cell membrane
____ 13. Which organelle would you expect to find in plant cells but not animal cells?
a. mitochondrion
c. chloroplast
b. ribosome
d. smooth endoplasmic reticulum
____ 14. Which of the following is a function of the cytoskeleton?
a. helps a cell keep its shape
c. surrounds the cell
b. contains DNA
d. helps make proteins
____ 15. Which structures carry out cell movement?
a. cytoplasm and ribosomes
b. nucleolus and nucleus
c. microtubules and microfilaments
d. chromosomes
____ 16. Unlike the cell membrane, the cell wall is
a. found in all organisms.
b. composed of a lipid bilayer.
c. a flexible barrier.
d. usually made of tough fibers.
Cell I
Cell II
USE THE CELL ILLUSTRATIONS ABOVE TO ANSWER QUESTIONS 17-22
____ 17.Which cell shows a typical plant cell?
a. Cell I
c. neither
b. Cell II
d. both
____ 18. What organelle is the small dense region within the nucleus and it assembles ribosomes?
a. Structure A
c. Structure K
b. Structure O
d. Structure D
____ 19. What organelle converts chemical energy found in glucose into a useable form of energy?
a. Structure F
c. Structure G
b. Structure N
d. Structure M
____ 20. The organelle with the green pigment chlorophyll, and it uses sunlight to make glucose.
a. Structure E
c. Structure G
b. Structure N
d. Structure M
____ 21. Structure found in plant cells, and this outer support layer surrounds the cell membrane.
a. Structure A
c. Structure K
b. Structure L
d. Structure M
____ 22. Organelle that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum.
a. Structure F
c. Structure O
b. Structure N
d. Structure G
____ 23. Which organelle is present in the cells of a bean plant but not present in the cells of a mouse?
a. cell wall
c. cell membrane
b. nucleus
d. centriole
____ 24. Which of the following cell processes would stop first if all the lysosomes in a cell were suddenly destroyed?
a. active transport
c. protein synthesis
b. cellular respiration
d. intracellular digestion
____ 25. The diagram shown represents an animal cell. What is the function of structure X?
a. Synthesizes cellulose
b. Produces centrioles
c. Controls cellular respiration
d. Regulates homeostasis
____ 26. Which of these is a characteristic of muscle cells that require large amounts of energy?
a. They have a large number of mitochondria
b. They have a supplementary Y chromosome
c. They have a two-layer membrane.
d. They have a storage area for albumin proteins.
____ 27. Which diagram represents an organelle that contains the enzymes needed to synthesize ATP?
a.
d.
Mitochondria
b.
Nucleus
Golgi apparatus
c.
Rough ER
____ 28. Which structures found in a cell would provide the best evidence that the cell is eukaryotic?
a. Chromosomes
c. Carbohydrates
b. Cell Walls
d. Endoplasmic reticulum
____ 29. Bases on what you know about the function of mitochondria, in which of the following would you expect to find
more mitochondria?
a. muscle cells
c. stomach cells
b. skin cells
d. bacterial cells
VIRUS QUESTIONS
1. Viruses can only replicateA. Inside a host cell
B. Along a cellular membrane
C. Outside a nucleus
D. Between host cells
2.
The process of injecting an organism with a harmless form of a virus to stimulate the immune
system to make antibodies to the virus is known as a
A.
B.
C.
D.
Retroviration
Vaccination
Aerobication
Respiration
3. Which of these statements characterizes the lytic cycle?
i. Viruses in dormant stage undetected by the host cell as the cell replicates
ii. Cell DNA is altered by presence of viral genetic material
iii. Host cell is destroyed and viral particles released to go to infect new host cells
A. i only
B. i and ii
C. ii only
D. iii only
Use the diagram and the chart below to answer questions 4 & 5.
Characteristic
Organism A
Organism B
Organism C
NO
NO
YES
DNA or RNA
DNA and RNA
DNA and RNA
Organelles
Not Present
Non-membrane
bound
Specialized Organelles
Cells
Not Present
Present
Present
Lytic or Lysogenic
Asexual
Sexual
Nucleus
Genetic Material
Reproduction cycle
A
B
C
4 Which of the following pairs correctly identifies the organisms in the chart
i. Organism A – Virus
ii. Organism C – Virus
iii. Organism A – Eukaryote
iv. Organism B – Prokaryote
A. i and ii
B. ii and iii
C. iii and iv
D. i and iv
5 Organism A is known to cause diseases such as HIV and influenza. Which of the following
statements about organism A is correct
A. Organism A has a cell membrane
B. Organism A can perform functions of living things
C. Organism A requires a host cell to reproduce
D. Organism A contains membrane bound organelles