Research and Graduate School in the Social Sciences
Module Descriptor
SIT096 Contemporary Social Theory I
Aims of the Module
This module introduces students to some of the dominant theoretical approaches in the
social sciences, and helps them develop a critical understanding of the historical origins and
the contemporary relevance of those perspectives. The primary aim of the module is, by
exploring key concepts and reviewing the debates in the field, to offer students a number
of potential theoretical locations for their own research projects.
Learning Outcomes of the Module
On completion of this module a student should be able to:
 demonstrate a firm and critical grasp of some of the leading theoretical
debates in the social sciences;
 assess, in a clear and informed fashion, the relevance of those debates to
contemporary society;
 show a proper grasp of primary theoretical literature;
 discuss the merits and limitations of particular theories;
 apply some of the theoretical literature to the student’s own research area.
Teaching Methods
The module is taught in 10 weekly sessions, each lasting 2 hours. Each session will be split
into a lecture and a classroom discussion. Students will lead the discussion by presenting
their assessment of specific seminar readings selected from the previous week’s session.
Module Assessment
The assessment task for this module is a 3,000-word essay.
Choose one of the following terms and, drawing on the social theory studied on this
module, assess its relevance to your proposed area of research.
Division of labour
Objectivity
Fettering
The social shaping of technology
Repressive desublimation
Self-identity
Rationalisation
Feminist Epistemology
Ideology
Productivism
Power
Habitus
Lecture Schedule
Session
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Title
Modernity and Rationalisation: Durkheim, Weber, Simmel
Objectivity and Value-Freedom
Marx and Engels: Historical Materialism
The Concept of Ideology
Politicising Marx: Technology and the Labour Process
Ecology, Feminism, and the Critique of Productivism
The Social Psychology of the Frankfurt School
Foucault: Power, Subjectivity, Critique
Interactionism and Self-Identity
Bourdieu: Social and Cultural Reproduction
1
1. Modernity and Rationalisation: Durkheim, Weber, Simmel
Seminar Readings:
Durkheim, The Division of Labour in Society (London: Macmillan, 1984): Book 3, chapter 3
(‘Another Abnormal Form’) and ‘Conclusion’.
Durkheim, The Rules of Sociological Method (London: Macmillan, 1984): chapter 3 (‘Rules
for Distinguishing Between the Normal and the Pathological’).
Lukes, ‘Durkheim’s “Individualism and the Intellectuals”’, Political Studies, vol. 17, no. 1,
1969, pp. 14-30 [available as photocopy].
Weber, The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism (Oxford: Blackwell, 2002):
chapter 2 (‘The Spirit of Capitalism’).
Weber, Economy and Society (Bedminster Press, 1968). Volume 1. Chapter 1: section 1
(‘Basic Sociological Terms’) and section 2 (‘Types of Social Action’).
Du Gay, In Praise of Bureaucracy (London: Sage, 2000). Chapter 2: ‘Bauman’s Bureau’
[available as photocopy].
Simmel, ‘The Metropolis and Mental Life’, in both (a) Simmel, On Individuality and Social
Forms (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1971), and (b) Wolff (ed.), The Sociology
of Georg Simmel (New York: Free Press, 1964). This essay can also be downloaded
from a number of online sources (type the title into a search engine).
Simmel, ‘On Faithfulness and Gratitude’, in Wolff (ed.), The Sociology of Georg Simmel
(New York: Free Press, 1964).
Simmel, The Philosophy of Money (London: Routledge, 2004). Chapter 6: ‘The Style of
Life’; Part 1 [available as photocopy].
Simmel, ‘Prostitution’, in Simmel, On Individuality and Social Forms (Chicago: University of
Chicago Press, 1971); and Gorz, Critique of Economic Reason (London: Verso, 1989),
pp. 146-150 (‘Prostitution’).
Marx, ‘Money’ (extract from the ‘Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts’, which can be
found in Marx: Early Writings, pp. 375-79). This is a direct link to the extract:
www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1844/manuscripts/power.htm and Fromm,
‘The Process of Consumption’, in Erich Fromm, The Sane Society (London: Routledge
and Kegan Paul, 1956), pp. 131-139.
Further Reading:
Dodd, Social Theory and Modernity (Cambridge: Polity, 1999).
Morrison, Marx, Weber, Durkheim (London: Sage, 1995).
Giddens, Capitalism and Modern Social Theory (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
1971).
Durkheim, The Division of Labour in Society (London: Macmillan, 1984).
Durkheim, The Rules of Sociological Method (London: Macmillan, 1984).
Durkheim, Education and Sociology (Glencoe, Ill.: Free Press, 1956).
Durkheim, Elementary Forms of the Religious Life (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001).
Durkheim, Suicide: A Study in Sociology (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1952).
Lukes, Emile Durkheim: His Life and Work (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1992).
Giddens, Durkheim (London: Fontana, 1978).
Pearce, The Radical Durkheim (London: Unwin Hyman, 1989).
Merton, ‘Social Structure and Anomie’, American Sociological Review, vol. 3, no. 5, 1938,
pp. 672-682.
Mestrovic, The Coming Fin de Siècle: An Application of Durkheim’s Sociology to Modernity
and Postmodernism (London: Routledge, 1991).
Vowinckel, ‘Happiness in Durkheim’s Sociological Policy of Morals’, Journal of Happiness
Studies, vol. 1, no. 4, 2000, pp. 447-464.
William and Gagnon, ‘The Anomie of Affluence: A Post-Mertonian Conception’, American
Journal of Sociology, vol. 82, no. 2, 1976, pp. 356-378.
2
Wrong, ‘The Oversocialised Conception of Man in Modern Sociology’, in Skeptical Sociology
(London: Heinemann, 1976). [Photocopies available]
Weber, Economy and Society (Bedminster Press, 1968) [3 volumes].
Weber, The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism (Oxford: Blackwell, 2002)
Weber, The Methodology of the Social Sciences (New York: Free Press, 1949).
Bendix, Max Weber: An Intellectual Portrait (London: Methuen, 1966).
Gerth and Mills (eds.), From Max Weber: Essays in Sociology (London: Routledge and Kegan
Paul, 1991).
Freund, The Sociology of Max Weber (London: Allen Lane, 1968).
Ritzer, The McDonaldization of Society (Thousand Oaks, CA.: Pine Forge Press, 2000).
Bauman, Modernity and the Holocaust (Cambridge: Polity, 1989).
Du Gay, In Praise of Bureaucracy (London: Sage, 2000).
Gorz, Critique of Economic Reason (London: Verso, 1989).
Fevre, The New Sociology of Economic Behaviour (London: Sage, 2003).
Simmel, Conflict and the Web of Group-Affiliation (New York: Free Press, 1955).
Simmel, On Individuality and Social Forms (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1971).
Simmel, The Philosophy of Money (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1978).
Frisby and Featherstone (eds.), Simmel on Culture: Selected Writings (London: Sage, 1997).
Wolff (ed.), The Sociology of Georg Simmel (New York: Free Press, 1964).
Turner, ‘Simmel, Rationalisation and the Sociology of Money’, Sociological Review, vol. 34,
no. 1, 1986.
Fromm, ‘The Process of Consumption’, in Erich Fromm, The Sane Society (London:
Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1956), pp. 131-139.
2. Objectivity and Value-Freedom
Seminar readings:
Weber, ‘Science as a Vocation’, in H. H. Gerth and C. W. Mills (eds.) From Max Weber:
Essays in Sociology (London: Routledge, 1991). Also available in J. D. Douglas (ed.) The
Relevance of Sociology (New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1970).
Becker, ‘Whose Side Are We On?’, Social Problems, vol. 14, no. 3, 1967, pp. 239-247. This
article is reproduced in J. D. Douglas (ed.) The Relevance of Sociology (New York:
Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1970), and in Riley, Values, Objectivity and the Social
Sciences (Reading, MA.: Addison-Wesley, 1974), chapter 7.
Gouldner, ‘Anti-Minotaur: The Myth of a Value-Free Sociology’, Social Problems, no. 9,
1962, pp. 199-213. This article is reproduced in A. Gouldner, For Sociology (London:
Allen Lane, 1973), in I. L. Horowitz (ed.), The New Sociology (New York: Oxford
University Press, 1964), and in J. D. Douglas (ed.) The Relevance of Sociology (New
York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1970).
Gouldner, ‘The Sociologist as Partisan: Sociology and the Welfare State’ in For Sociology
(London: Allen Lane, 1973). This essays is also reproduced in J. D. Douglas (ed.), The
Relevancee of Sociology (New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1970). It originally
appeared in American Sociologist, vol. 3, no. 2, 1968, pp. 103-116. The concluding
section of this article is reproduced in Riley, Values, Objectivity and the Social
Sciences (Reading, MA.: Addison-Wesley, 1974), chapter 4.
Marcuse, ‘Industrialisation and Capitalism’, New Left Review, no. 30, March/April 1965.
Harding, ‘Rethinking Standpoint Epistemology: What is “Strong Objectivity”?’, in Alcoff and
Potter (eds.), Feminist Epistemologies (London: Routledge, 1993). [Photocopies
available]
Hartsock, ‘The Feminist Standpoint: Developing the Ground for a Specifically Feminist
Historical Materialism’, in Hartsock, The Feminist Standpoint Revisited and Other
Essays (Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1998).
Hammersley, Taking Sides in Social Research (London: Routledge, 2000). Chapter 1: ‘Taking
Sides in Research’.
3
Further reading:
Weber, ‘The Meaning of “Ethical Neutrality” in Sociology and Economics’, in The
Methodology of the Social Sciences (New York: Free Press, 1949).
Weber, ‘“Objectivity” in Social Science and Social Policy’, in The Methodology of the Social
Sciences (New York: Free Press, 1949). An extract from this article is available in
Riley, Values, Objectivity and the Social Sciences (Reading, MA.: Addison-Wesley,
1974), chapter 5.
Weber, ‘Politics as a Vocation’, in H. H. Gerth and C. W. Mills (eds.) From Max Weber:
Essays in Sociology (London: Routledge, 1991).
Becker, Outsiders: Studies in the Sociology of Deviance (London: Free Press of Glencoe,
1963).
Riley, ‘Partisanship and Objectivity in the Social Sciences’, American Sociologist, vol. 6, no.
1, 1971, pp. 6–12. This was republished in Riley (1974).
Riley, Values, Objectivity and the Social Sciences (Reading, MA.: Addison-Wesley, 1974).
Becker, ‘Reply to Riley’s “Partisanship and Objectivity”’, American Sociologist, vol. 6, no.
1, 1971, pp. 6–12. This was republished in Riley (1974).
Keat and Urry, Social Theory as Science (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1975).
Especially chapter 9 [Photocopies available].
Hammersley, Taking Sides in Social Research: Essays on Partisanship and Bias (London:
Routledge, 2000).
Hammersley, ‘Which side was Becker on: Questioning political and epistemological
radicalism’, Qualitative Research, vol. 1, no. 1, 2001, pp. 91-110.
Oppenheimer, The Open Mind (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1955). Chapter 5: ‘Physics in
the Contemporary World’. [Photocopies available].
Polenberg, ‘The Ethical Responsibilities of the Scientist: The Case of J. R. Oppenheimer’, in
W. H. Chafe (ed.), The Achievement of American Liberalism (New York: Columbia
University Press, 2003).
Thorpe, ‘Disciplinary Experts: Scientific Authority and Liberal Democracy in the
Oppenheimer Case’, Social Studies of Science, vol. 32, no. 4, 2002.
Thorpe, ‘Violence and the Scientific Vocation’, Theory, Culture and Society, vol. 21, no. 3,
2004.
Williams, ‘Situated Objectivity’, Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, vol. 35, no. 1,
2005, pp. 99-120.
Williams and May, Introduction to the Philosophy of Social Research (London: UCL Press,
1996).
Alcoff and Potter (eds.) Feminist Epistemologies (London: Routledge, 1993).
Harding (ed.), Feminism and Methodology: Social Science Issues (Milton Keynes: Open
University Press, 1987).
Harding, The Science Question in Feminism (Milton Keynes: Open University Press, 1986).
Hartsock, Money, Sex and Power: Toward a Feminist Historical Materialism (Boston:
Northeastern University Press, 1985).
Hartsock, The Feminist Standpoint Revisited and Other Essays (Boulder, Colorado:
Westview Press, 1998).
Jagger, Feminst Politics and Human Nature (Brighton: Harvester, 1983), chapter 11:
‘Feminist Politics and Epistemology’.
3. Marx and Engels: Historical Materialism
Seminar Readings:
Marx and Engels, The German Ideology [1845] (London: Lawrence and Wishart, 1974): Part
1, sections A & B. This, and the rest of Marx and Engels’ texts, can be found on the
website: www.marxists.org
Marx, ‘Theses on Feuerbach’ (1845) and ‘Preface to A Contribution to the Critique of
Political Economy’ (1859).
Engels, ‘Socialism: Utopian and Scientific’ (1880), parts 2 and 3.
Marx and Engels, The Communist Manifesto (1848).
Engels, ‘The Part Played by Labour in the Transition from Ape to Man’ (1896).
Marx, Capital, vol. 1 (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1976): chapter 14, or chapters 26-27.
4
Cohen, Karl Marx’s Theory of History: A Defence (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000),
chapter 12: ‘Fettering’.
Bowring, ‘Manufacturing Scarcity: Food Biotechnology and the Life-Sciences Industry’,
Capital and Class, vol. 79, Spring 2003, pp. 107-145.
Johan Söderberg, ‘Copyleft vs. Copyright: A Marxist Critique’, First Monday, vol. 7, no. 3,
2002. http://www.firstmonday.org/issues/issue7_3/index.html
Further Reading:
Marx, Grundrisse (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1973), pp. 690-712.
Engels, Anti-Dühring (Moscow: Foreign Languages Publishing). Part 3 (‘Socialism’), section
2: ‘Theoretical’.
Dodd, Social Theory and Modernity (Cambridge: Polity, 1999).
Morrison, Marx, Weber, Durkheim (London: Sage, 1995).
Giddens, Capitalism and Modern Social Theory (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
1971).
Cohen, Karl Marx’s Theory of History: A Defence (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000).
Especially chapters 6, 7, and 12.
Mandel, From Class Society to Communism: An Introduction to Marxism (London: Ink Links
Ltd, 1977).
Mandel, Introduction to Marxism (London: Pluto, 1982).
Marcuse, ‘The Foundations of Historical Materialism’, in From Luther to Popper (London:
Verso, 1983).
Osborne, How to Read Marx (London: Granta, 2005).
Carter, ‘Fettering, Development and Revolution’, The Heythrop Journal, vol. 39, no. 2, pp.
170-88.
Davis et al, Cutting Edge: Technology, Capitalism and Social Revolution (London: Verso,
1997).
Dyer-Witherford, Cyber-Marx: Cycles and Circuits of Struggle in High-Technology
Capitalism (Urbana, Ill.: University of Illanois Press, 1999).
McChesney et al, Capitalism and the Information Age: The Political Economy of the Global
Communication Revolution (New York: Monthly Review Press, 1998).
Shulman, Owning the Future (New York: Houghton Mifflin, 1999).
Gorz, Reclaiming Work: Beyond the Wage-Based Society (Cambridge: Polity, 1999).
Hodgson, Economics and Utopia: Why the Learning Economy is Not the End of History
(London: Routledge, 1999).
Bowles and Gintis, Schooling in Capitalist America: Educational Reform and the
Contradictions of Economic Life (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1976).
Sarup, Marxism, Structuralism, Education (Lewes: Falmer Press, 1983).
Sarup, Marxism and Education (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1978).
White, Education and the End of Work (London: Cassell, 1997).
Young, ‘Crime and Social Exclusion’, in Maguire et al (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of
Criminology, 3rd edition (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002).
4. The Concept of Ideology
Seminar Readings:
Jorge Larrain, The Concept of Ideology (London: Hutchinson, 1979), chapter 2: ‘Marx’s
Theory of Ideology’. [Photocopies available]
Abercrombie and Turner, ‘The Dominant Ideology Thesis’, British Journal of Sociology, vol.
29, no. 2, June 1978.
Conrad Lodziak, ‘Dull Compulsion of the Economic: The Dominant Ideology and Social
Reproduction’, Radical Philosophy, no. 49, Summer 1988. [Photocopies available]
Stuart Hall, ‘The Whites of their Eyes: Racist Ideologies and the Media’, in Alvarado and
Thompson (eds.), The Media Reader (London: BFI, 1990). [Photocopies available]
Raymond Williams, ‘Base and Superstructure in Marxist Cultural Theory’, in Williams,
Problems in Materialism and Culture (London: Verso, 1980). [Photocopies available]
Larrain, Ideology and Cultural Identity (Cambridge: Polity, 1994), chapter 4:
‘Poststructuralism and Postmodernism’.
5
Jurgen Habermas, ‘Technology and Science as “Ideology”’, in W. Outhwaite (ed), The
Habermas Reader (Cambridge: Polity, 1996). [Photocopies available]
Further Reading:
Marx, Capital, vol. 1, chapter 1, section 4: ‘The Fetishism of the Commodity and its
Secret’; and chapters 18-20, 23.
Cohen, Karl Marx’s Theory of History: A Defence (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000),
chapter 5: ‘Fetishism’.
Althusser, ‘Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses’, in Lenin and Philosophy (London:
New Left Books, 1971).
Althusser, ‘Marxism and Humanism’, in For Marx (London: Verso, 1979).
Abercrombie, Hill and Turner, The Dominant Ideology Thesis (London: Allen and Unwin,
1980), especially chapters 1 & 6. [Chapter 1 available as photocopy]
Lodziak, Manipulating Needs: Capitalism and Culture (London: Pluto, 1995), chapter 2.
Bruce T. Coram, ‘The Tough Test and the Thin Theory: The Minimal Conditions Required for
Capitalism to Exist’, The British Journal of Sociology, vol. 38, no. 4, Dec. 1987, pp.
464-81.
Bob Jessop et al, ‘Authoritarian Populism, Two Nations and Thatcherism’, New Left Review,
no. 147, 1984.
Jorge Larrain, The Concept of Ideology (London: Hutchinson, 1979), chapters 2 & 6.
Jorge Larrain, Marxism and Ideology (London: Macmillan, 1983), especially chapters 1&2.
Jorge Larrain, Ideology and Cultural Identity (Cambridge: Polity, 1994), especially chapters
3 and 5.
Terry Eagleton, ed., Ideology (London: Longman, 1994), chapters 1, 10, 11.
Terry Eagleton, Ideology: An Introduction (London: Verso, 1991).
David McLellan, Ideology, 2nd edition (Buckingham: Open University Press, 1996).
John B. Thompson, Ideology and Modern Culture (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1990), chapter
1.
Robert Bocock, Hegemony (Chichester: Ellis Horwood, 1986).
Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies, On Ideology (London: Hutchinson, 1978), pp. 45105.
Michèle Barrett, The Politics of Truth: From Marx to Foucault (Cambridge: Polity, 1991),
especially chapters 2 and 4.
Stuart Hall, ‘The Problem of Ideology – Marxism without Guarantees’, in Morley and Chen
(eds.), Stuart Hall: Critical Dialogues in Cultural Studies (London: Routledge, 1996).
Stuart Hall, ‘The Toad in the Garden: Thatcherism among the Theorists’, in Nelson and
Grossberg (eds.) Marxism and the Interpretation of Culture (London: Macmillan,
1988).
Stuart Hall, ‘Culture, the Media and the “Ideological Effect”’, in J. Curran et al (eds), Mass
Communication and Society (London: Edward Arnold, 1977).
Raymond Williams, ‘Base and Superstructure in Marxist Cultural Theory’ in Williams,
Problems in Materialism and Culture (London: Verso, 1980).
5. Politicising Marx: Technology and the Labour Process
Seminar Readings:
Noble, Forces of Production: A Social History of Industrial Automation (New York: Alfred A.
Knopf, 1984), chapter 11: ‘Who’s Running the Shop?’ [Photocopies available]. This is a
long chapter. Make sure you read the last 10 pages.
Bowring, Science, Seeds and Cyborgs: Biotechnology and the Appropriation of Life (London:
Verso, 2003), chapter 5: ‘Making Babies’.
Rothman, Genetic Maps and Human Imaginations: The Limits of Science in Understanding
Who We Are (New York: Norton, 1998), pp. 173-206.
Jack R. Kloppenburg, First the Seed: The Political Economy of Plant Biotechnology
(Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press, 2004, 2 nd edition). Chapter 5:
‘Heterosis and the Social Division of Labour’.
6
Langdon Winner, The Whale and the Reactor: A Search for Limits in an Age of High
Technology (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1986). Chapter 2: ‘Do Artifacts Have
Politics’. There is no copy of this book in the library. You can download a copy of the
chapter from here:
http://www.cc.gatech.edu/~agrimes/winner.pdf Or, if that link dies, from here:
http://web.archive.org/web/20030503061115/wwwpersonal.si.umich.edu/~rfrost/courses/Women+Tech/readings/Winner.html
Alternatively, an abbreviated version the essay is available in MacKenzie and Wajcman
(eds.), The Social Shaping of Technology (Milton Keynes: Open University Press, 1985).
Gorz, Ecology as Politics (London: Pluto, 1980), pp. 99-113.
Wacjman, ‘Addressing Technological Change: The Challenge to Social Theory’, Current
Sociology, vol. 50, no. 3, May 2002.
Further Reading:
Engels, ‘On Authority’ (1874).
Noble, Forces of Production: A Social History of Industrial Automation (New York: Alfred A.
Knopf, 1984).
Noble, The Religion of Technology (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1999).
Noble, Digital Diploma Mills: The Automation of Higher Education (New York: New York
University Press, 2003).
Burawoy, The Politics of Production: Factory Regimes Under Capitalism and Socialism
(London: Verso, 1985).
Gorz, Farewell to the Working Class (London: Pluto, 1982).
Gorz, Ecology as Politics (London: Pluto, 1980).
Braverman, Labour and Monopoly Capital (New York: Monthly Review Press, 1974).
Marglin, ‘What do Bosses do?’ [photocopies in short loan collection].
Cleaver, Reading Capital Politically (Hassocks: Harvester Press, 1979).
Marcuse, One-Dimensional Man (London: Routledge, 1991), chapter 6.
Marcuse, ‘Industrialization and Capitalism in the Work of Max Weber’, in Negations
(London: Free Association, 1988).
Marcuse, ‘Some Social Implications of Modern Technology’, in Arato and Gebhardt (eds.),
The Essential Frankfurt School Reader (New York: Continuum, 1982). [Photocopies
available]
Ellul, The Technological Society (New York: Random House, 1967).
Feenberg, Questioning Technology (London: Routledge, 1999).
Wajcman, Feminism Confronts Technology (Cambridge: Polity, 1991).
Wajcman, Technofeminism (Cambridge: Polity, 2004).
MacKenzie and Wajcman, The Social Shaping of Technology, 2nd edition (Buckingham: Open
University Press, 1999).
Illich, Tools for Conviviality (London: Calder and Boyars, 1973).
Illich, Limits to Medicine/Medical Nemesis: The Expropriation of Health (Marion Boyars,
1976).
Illich, Deschooling Society (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1973).
Illich, Disabling Professions (London: Marion Boyars, 1977).
Wood, Democracy Against Capitalism: Renewing Historical Materialism (Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 1995).
Bowring, ‘From the Mass Worker to the Multitude: A Review and Contextualisation of Hardt
and Negri’s Empire’, Capital and Class, no. 83, Summer 2004.
Bowring, ‘Therapeutic and Reproductive Cloning: A Critique’, Social Science and Medicine,
vol. 58, no. 2, 2004.
Habermas, The Future of Human Nature (Cambridge: Polity, 2003).
Liodakis, ‘The Role of Biotechnology in the Agro-Food System and the Socialist Horizon’,
Historical Materialism, vol. 11, no. 1, 2003.
Grint and Woolgar, ‘On Some Failures of Nerve in Constructivist and Feminist Analyses of
Technology’, Science, Technology, and Human Values, vol. 20, no. 3, 1995.
Vandenberghe, ‘Working Out Marx: Marxism and the End of the Work Society’, Thesis
Eleven, no. 69, 2002, pp. 21-46.
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6. Marxism and Ecology: Critique of Productivism
Seminar Readings:
Rollin, The Frankenstein Syndrome: Ethical and Social Issues in the Genetic Engineering of
Animals (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995), pp. 169-206. Read this with
the following (very short) article: Bowring, ‘Animal Wrongs’, New Humanist, vol. 119,
no. 2, March 2004. Remind Finn and he will give you a copy of it.
O’Connor, ‘The Second Contradiction of Capitalism’ in Natural Causes: Essays in Ecological
Marxism (New York: Guilford, 1998); also available in Benton (ed.), The Greening of
Marxism (New York: Guilford Press, 1996).
Benton, ‘Marxism and Natural Limits’, in Benton (ed.), The Greening of Marxism (New York:
Guilford Press, 1996). You can download a longer version of this article published in
New Left Review, no. 178, November-December 1989. If you use this version, you can
begin your reading at section 4.
Keller, Reflections on Gender and Science (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1985),
chapter 9: ‘A World of Difference’. [Photocopies available]
Dordoy and Mellor, ‘Ecosocialism and Feminism: Deep Materialism and the Contradictions of
Capitalism’, Capitalism, Nature, Socialism, vol. 11, no. 3, September 2000.
[Photocopies available]
Go to classmark GF80 on the top floor of ASSL, and browse the books on environmental
philosophy. Your task is to come away with an informed understanding of the meaning
of ‘deep ecology’. Arne Naess was the founder of this perspective. A good place to
start is Capra, ‘Deep Ecology: A New Paradigm’ in George Sessions (ed), Deep Ecology
for the 21st Century (1995), and the articles in Tobias (ed), Deep Ecology (1984). You
may also use the books on feminism by Plumwood (1993) and Warren (1996), listed
below.
O’Neill, Ecology, Policy and Politics: Human Wellbeing and the Natural World (London:
Routledge, 1993), chapter 9: ‘Science, Policy and Environmental Value’.
Further Reading:
Dobson, Green Political Thought (London: Routledge, 1995).
Meadows et al, Limits to Growth (London: Pan, 1974).
Douthwaite, The Growth Illusion (Totnes: Green Books, 1999).
Goldblatt, Social Theory and the Environment (Cambridge: Polity, 1996).
Soper, What is Nature? (Oxford: Blackwell, 1995).
Dickens, Society and Nature (Cambridge: Polity, 2004).
Dunlap et al (eds.), Sociological Theory and the Environment (Lanham, MD.: Rowman and
Littlefield, 2002).
Macauley (ed.), Minding Nature: The Philosophers of Ecology (New York: Guilford, 1996).
Hughes, Ecology and Historical Materialism (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000).
Gorz, Ecology as Politics (London: Pluto, 1980).
Hayden, Sharing the Work, Sparing the Planet (London: Zed, 1999).
O’Connor, Natural Causes: Essays in Ecological Marxism (New York: Guilford, 1998).
Benton (ed.), The Greening of Marxism (New York: Guilford Press, 1996).
Benton, Natural Relations: Ecology, Animal Rights and Social Justice (London: Verso, 1993).
O’Neill, Ecology, Policy and Politics: Human Wellbeing and the Natural World (London:
Routledge, 1993).
Easlea, Fathering the Unthinkable: Masculinity, Scientists and the Nuclear Arms Race
(London: Pluto, 1983).
Sheasby, ‘Anti-Prometheus, Post-Marx: The Real and the Myth in Green Theory’,
Organization and Environment, vol. 12, no. 1, 1999.
Jaggar, Feminist Politics and Human Nature (Brighton: Harvester, 1983).
Keller and Longino (eds.), Feminism and Science (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996).
Keller, Reflections on Gender and Science (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1985).
Keller, Secrets of Life: Essays on Language, Gender and Science (London: Routledge, 1992).
Mies and Shiva, Ecofeminism (London: Zed Books, 1993).
New, ‘Man Bad, Woman Good? Essentialisms and Ecofeminisms’, New Left Review, vol. 216,
March/April 1996.
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Plumwood, Feminism and the Mastery of Nature (London: Routledge, 1993), especially
chapters 1 and 7.
Warren (ed.), Ecological Feminist Philosophies (Bloomington : Indiana University Press,
1996).
Warren (ed.), Ecofeminism: Women, Culture, Nature (Bloomington: Indiana University
Press, 1997).
Warren (ed.), Ecological Feminism (London: Routledge, 1994).
Pinnick, ‘Feminist Epistemology: Implications for Philosophy of Science’, Philosophy of
Science, vol. 61, no. 4, December 1994.
Bowring, André Gorz and the Sartrean Legacy (London: Macmillan, 2000), chapter 6.
Bowring, Science, Seeds and Cyborgs: Biotechnology and the Appropriation of Life (London:
Verso, 2003).
Bowring, ‘The Future of Human Nature’, New Humanist, vol. 118, no. 3, September 2003
[www.newhumanist.org.uk].
Bowring, ‘Animal Wrongs’, New Humanist, vol. 119, no. 2, March 2004
[www.newhumanist.org.uk].
Capitalism, Nature, Socialism (journal).
Organization and Environment (journal).
Environmental Ethics (journal).
7. The Social Psychology of the Frankfurt School
Seminar Readings:
Freud, Civilization and its Discontents (London: Penguin, 2002), chapters 2, 3 and 4 (pp.
12-44).
Marcuse, ‘Repressive Tolerance’. [Photocopies available].
Marcuse, Eros and Civilization (London: Routledge, 1998), chapter 2: ‘The Origin of the
Repressed Individual (Ontogenesis)’. [This chapter will be available to download from
Blackboard.]
Marcuse, One-Dimensional Man (London: Routledge, 1996), chapter 3: ‘The Conquest of the
Unhappy Consciousness: Repressive Desublimation’. [This chapter will be available to
download from Blackboard.]
Marcuse, ‘The Obsolescence of the Freudian Concept of Man’, in Elliot (ed), The Blackwell
Reader in Contemporary Social Theory (Oxford: Blackwell, 1999).
Fromm, Fear of Freedom (London: Routledge, 2001), chapter 7: ‘Freedom and Democracy’.
Fromm, ‘The Method and Function of an Analytical Social Psychology: Notes on
Psychoanalysis and Historical Materialism’, in Arato and Gebhardt (eds.), The Essential
Frankfurt School Reader (New York: Continuum, 1982).
Further Reading:
Freud, Civilization and its Discontents (London: Penguin, 2002).
Marcuse, Eros and Civilization (London: Routledge, 1998).
Marcuse, Five Lectures: Psychoanalysis, Politics, and Utopia (London: Allen Lane, 1970).
Marcuse, One-Dimensional Man (London: Routledge, 1996).
Marcuse, Technology, War, and Fascism (London: Routledge, 1998).
Marcuse, Towards a Critical Theory of Society (London: Routledge, 2001).
Marcuse, ‘On Hedonism’, in Marcuse, Negations (London: Free Association Books, 1988).
Marcuse, ‘Some Social Implications of Modern Technology’, in Arato and Gebhardt (eds.),
The Essential Frankfurt School Reader (New York: Continuum, 1982). [Photocopies
available]
Horkheimer, ‘Authority and the Family’, in Horkheimer, Critical Theory: Selected Essays
(New York: Continuum, 1992).
Horkheimer, ‘The Concept of Man’, and ‘The Future of Marriage’, in Horkheimer, Critique
of Instrumental Reason (New York: Continuum, 1985).
Adorno, ‘Freudian Theory and the Pattern of Fascist Propaganda’, in Arato and Gebhardt
(eds.), The Essential Frankfurt School Reader (New York: Continuum, 1982).
Adorno et al, The Authoritarian Personality (New York: Norton, 1969).
Fromm, The Fear of Freedom (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1942).
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Fromm, The Sane Society (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1956).
Jacoby, Social Amnesia (Hassocks: Harvester, 1977).
Held, Introduction to Critical Theory (Cambridge: Polity, 1990).
How, Critical Theory (Houndmills: Palgrave, 2003).
Guess, The Idea of a Critical Theory: Habermas and the Frankfurt School (Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 1981).
Connerton, The Tragedy of Enlightenment: An Essay on the Frankfurt School (Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 1980).
Jay, The Dialectical Imagination: A History of the Frankfurt School and the Institute of
Social Research (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996).
Berstein (ed.), The Frankfurt School: Critical Assessments (London: Routledge, 1994).
Bottomore, The Frankfurt School (London: Routledge, 1999).
Christie and Jahoda (eds.), Studies in the Scope and Method of ‘The Authoritarian
Personality’ (Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1981).
Lasch, The Culture of Narcissism (New York: Norton, 1979).
Poster, Critical Theory of the Family (London: Pluto, 1978).
Stephen Brookfield, ‘Reassessing Subjectivity, Criticality, and Inclusivity: Marcuse’s
Challenge to Adult Education’, Adult Education Quarterly, vol. 52, no. 4, 2002.
Alford, ‘“Eros and Civilization” after 30 Years: A Reconsideration in Light of Recent
Theories of Narcissism’, Theory and Society, vol. 16, no. 6, 1987.
8. Foucault: Power, Subjectivity, Critique
Seminar Readings:
Foucault, The History of Sexuality. Vol. 1: An Introduction (London: Penguin, 1990), part 3:
‘Scientia Sexualis’. [Photocopies available]
Foucault, Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison (London: Penguin, 1991), part 3,
chapter 3: ‘Panopticism’.
Foucault, ‘Truth and Power’, in Rabinow (ed.), The Foucault Reader (London: Penguin,
1991).
Foucault, Madness and Civilization: A History of Insanity in the Age of Reason (London:
Tavistock, 1967), chapter 9: ‘The Birth of the Asylum’.
Gad Horowitz, ‘The Foucaultian Impasse: No Sex, No Self, No Revolution’, Political Theory,
vol. 15, no. 1, 1987.
Edwards, ‘Mobilizing Lifelong Learning: Governmentality in Educational Practices’, Journal
of Education Policy, vol. 17, no. 3, 2002.
Coveney, ‘The Government and Ethics of Health Promotion: The Importance of Michel
Foucault’, Health Education Research, vol. 13, no. 3, 1998.
Nancy Fraser, ‘From Discipline to Flexibilization? Rereading Foucault in the Shadow of
Globalization’, Constellations, vol. 10, no. 2, 2003.
Further Reading:
Foucault, The Archaeology of Knowledge (London: Routledge, 1972).
Foucault, The Birth of the Clinic: An Archaeology of Medical Perception (London:
Routledge, 1973).
Foucault, The Order of Things: An Archaeology of the Human Sciences (London: Routledge,
2000).
Foucault, Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison (London: Penguin, 1991).
Foucault, The History of Sexuality. Vol. 1: An Introduction (London: Penguin, 1990).
Foucault, The History of Sexuality. Vol. 2: The Use of Pleasure (London: Penguin, 1992).
Foucault, The History of Sexuality. Vol. 3: The Care of the Self (London: Penguin, 1989).
Foucault, Madness and Civilization: A History of Insanity in the Age of Reason (London:
Tavistock, 1967).
Foucault, Power/Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings (New York: Pantheon,
1980).
Cronin, C., ‘Bourdieu and Foucault on Power and Modernity’, Philosophy and Social
Criticism, vol. 22, no. 6, 1996.
Taylor, ‘Foucault on Freedom and Truth’, Political Theory, vol. 12, no. 2, 1984.
10
Taylor and Vintges (eds), Feminism and the Final Foucault (Urbana: University of Illinois
Press, 2004).
Burchell et al, The Foucault Effect: Studies in Governmentality (Chicago: University of
Chicago Press, 1991).
Rabinow (ed.), The Foucault Reader (London: Penguin, 1991).
Merquior, Foucault (London: Fontana, 1991).
McNay, Foucault: A Critical Introduction (Cambridge: Polity, 1994).
McNay, Foucault and Feminism: Power, Gender and the Self (Cambridge: Polity, 1992).
Hoy (ed.), Foucault: A Critical Reader (Oxford: Basic Blackwell, 1986).
Ball (ed.), Foucault and Education: Disciplines and Knowledge (London: Routledge, 1990).
Hunt and Wickham, Foucault and Law: Towards a Sociology of Law as Governance (London:
Pluto, 1994).
Fraser, Unruly Practices: Power, Discourse and Gender in Contemporary Social Theory
(Cambridge: Polity, 1989), chapters 1, 2 and 3.
Peterson and Bunton (eds.), Foucault, Health and Medicine (London: Routledge, 1997).
Armstrong, ‘The Subject and The Social in Medicine: An Appreciation of Michel Foucault’,
Sociology of Health and Illness, vol. 7, no. 1, 1985.
Armstrong, ‘The Rise of Surveillance Medicine’, Sociology of Health and Illness, vol. 17, no.
3, 1995.
Drummond, J., ‘Foucault for Students of Education’, Journal of Philosophy of Education,
vol. 34, no. 4, 2000.
Dwyer, P. J., ‘Foucault, Docile Bodies and Post-Compulsory Education in Australia’, British
Journal of Sociology of Education, vol. 16, no. 4, 1995.
Fox, ‘Foucault, Foucauldians and Sociology’, British Journal of Sociology, vol. 49, no. 3,
September 1998.
Gilbert, T., ‘Exploring the Dynamics of Power: A Foucauldian Analysis of Care Planning in
Learning Disabilities Services’, Nursing Inquiry, vol. 10, no. 1.
Walkerdine, ‘Developmental Psychology and the Child Centred Pedagogy’, in Henriques et
al, Changing the Subject: Psychology, Social Regulation and Subjectivity (London:
Methuen, 1984).
Henriques et al, Changing the Subject: Psychology, Social Regulation and Subjectivity
(London: Methuen, 1984).
McKinlay and Starkey (eds.), Foucault, Management and Organization Theory: From
Panopticon to Technologies of the Self (London: Sage, 1998).
Smart, Foucault, Marxism and Critique (London: Routledge, 1989).
Popkewitz and Brennan (eds.), Foucault’s Challenge : Discourse, Knowledge, and Power in
Education (New York: Teachers College Press, 1998).
Porter, ‘Contra-Foucault: Soldiers, Nurses and Power’, Sociology, vol. 30, no.1, 1996.
Rose, Governing the Soul: The Shaping of the Private Self (London: Routledge, 1989).
Rose, ‘Identity, Genealogy, History’, in Hall and du Gay (eds.), Questions of Cultural
Identity (London: Sage, 1996).
Selwyn, ‘The National Grid for Learning: Panacea or Panopticon?’, British Journal of
Sociology of Education, vol. 21, no. 2, 2000.
Edwards, ‘Mobilising Lifelong Learning: Governmentality in Educational Practices’, Journal
of Education Policy, vol. 17, no. 3, 2002.
Beiner, R. ‘Foucault’s Hyper-Liberalism’, in Philosophy in a Time of Lost Spirit: Essays on
Contemporary Theory (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1997).
Besley, A. C., ‘Jim Marshall: Foucault and Disciplining the Self’, Educational Philosophy and
Theory, vol. 37, no. 3, 2005.
Holmes, D. and D. Gastaldo, ‘Nursing as Means of Governmentality’, Journal of Advanced
Nursing, vol. 38, no. 6, 2002.
Howley, A. and R. Hartnett, ‘Pastoral Power and the Contemporary University: A
Foucauldian Analysis’, Educational Theory, vol. 42, no. 3, 1992.
Manias, E. and A. Street, ‘Possibilities for Critical Social Theory and Foucault’s Work: A
Toolbox Approach’, Nursing Inquiry, vol. 7, no.1, 2000.
Mato, C., ‘The Uses of Foucault’, Educational Theory, vol. 50, no. 1, 2000.
Popkewitz, T. S. and M. Brennan, ‘Restructuring of Social and Political Theory in Education:
Foucault and a Social Epistemology of School Practices’, Educational Theory, vol. 47,
no. 3, 1997.
11
Pryce, A., ‘Frequent Observation: Sexualities, Self-Surveillance, Confession and the
Construction of the Active Patient’, Nursing Inquiry, vol. 7, no. 2, 2000.
Tennant, M., ‘Adult Education as a Technology of the Self’, International Journal of
Lifelong Education, vol. 17, no. 6, 1998.
Wain, K., ‘Foucault, Education, the Self and Modernity’, Journal of Philosophy of
Education, vol. 30, no. 3, 1996.
Wilson, A. L., ‘Creating Identities of Dependency: Adult Education as a Knowledge-Power
Regime’, International Journal of Lifelong Education, vol. 18, no. 2, 1999.
9. Interactionism
Seminar Readings:
Goffman, The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life (1959), ch. 3: ‘Regions and Region
Behaviour’ (lots of library copies of book).
Goffman, ‘On Cooling the Mark Out’ (1952). Download:
http://www.tau.ac.il/~algazi/mat/Goffman--Cooling.htm
West and Zimmerman, ‘Doing Gender’, Gender and Society, vol. 1, no. 2, 1987. [Download
via journal link in Voyager.]
Becker, ‘History, Culture and Subjective Experience: An Exploration of the Social Bases of
Drug-Induced Experiences’, Journal of Health and Social Behaviour, vol. 8, no. 3,
1967. [Download via journal link in Voyager.]
Berger and Pullberg, ‘Reification and the Sociological Critique of Consciousness’, History
and Theory, vol. 4, no. 2, 1965. [Download via journal link in Voyager.]
Giddens, Modernity and Self-Identity (1991), ch. 3: ‘The Trajectory of the Self’.
Cohen and Taylor, Escape Attempts: The Theory and Practice of Resistance to Everyday
Life, second edition (London: Routledge, 1992): ‘Introduction to the Second Edition:
Life After Postmodernism’.
Further Reading
Mead, Mind, Self, and Society: From the Standpoint of a Social Behaviourist (Chicago:
Chicago University Press, 1934).
Hammersley, The Dilemma of Qualitative Method: Herbert Blumer and the Chicago
Tradition (London: Routledge, 1989).
Lemert, Social Pathology: A Systematic Approach to the Theory of Sociopathic Behaviour
(New York : McGraw-Hill, 1951).
Lemert, Human Deviance, Social Problems, and Social Control (Englewood Cliffs, N.J. :
Prentice-Hall, 1972).
Becker, Outsiders : Studies in the Sociology of Deviance (London : Free Press of Glencoe,
1963).
Becker (ed), The Other Side: Perspectives on Deviance (London: Free Press, 1964).
Cohen (ed), Images of Deviance (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1971).
Goffman, The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1969).
Goffman, Asylums (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1968).
Goffman, Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity (Harmondsworth: Penguin,
1968).
Goffman, Interaction Ritual: Essays on Face-to-Face Behaviour (New York: Doubleday,
1967).
Schutz, The Phenomenology of the Social World (Evanston, Ill.: Northwestern University
Press, 1967).
Schutz and Luckmann, Structures of the Lifeworld (London: Heinemann, 1974).
Garfinkel, Studies in Ethnomethodology (Englewood Cliff, NJ.: Prentice Hall, 1967).
Berger and Luckmann, The Social Construction of Reality (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1967).
Giddens, Modernity and Self-Identity (Cambridge: Polity, 1991).
Giddens, The Transformation of Intimacy (Cambridge: Polity, 1992).
Giddens, ‘Living in a Post-Traditional Society’, in Beck, Giddens and Lash, Reflexive
Modernization (Cambridge: Polity, 1994).
Atkinson and Housley, Interactionism: An Essay in Sociological Amnesia (London: Sage,
2003).
12
Wrong, Skeptical Sociology (London: Heinemann, 1977). [Chapter 2, including the important
1975 Postscript, is available as a photocopy].
10. Bourdieu: Social and Cultural Reproduction
Seminar Readings:
Bourdieu, ‘Cultural Reproduction and Social Reproduction’, in Brown (ed.), Knowledge,
Education and Cultural Change (London: Tavistock, 1973); also in Karabel and Halsey
(eds.), Power and Ideology in Education (New York: Oxford University Press, 1977).
Bourdieu, ‘The Aristocracy of Culture’, extracted from Distinction: A Social Critique of the
Judgement of Taste (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1984), pp. 28-69.
Lash, ‘Pierre Bourdieu: Cultural Economy and Social Change’, in Calhoun et al (eds.),
Bourdieu: Critical Perspectives (Cambridge: Polity, 1993).
Featherstone, Consumer Culture and Postmodernism (London: Sage, 1991), chapter 6:
‘Lifestyle and Consumer Culture’.
Sayer, ‘Bourdieu, Smith and Disinterested Judgement’, The Sociological Review, vol. 47,
no3, August 1999, pp. 403-431.
Further Reading:
Bourdieu, Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste (London: Routledge and
Kegan Paul, 1984).
Bourdieu, Language and Symbolic Power (Cambridge: Polity, 1991).
Bourdieu, The Logic of Practice (Cambridge: Polity, 1990).
Bourdieu, Outline of a Theory of Practice (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1977).
Bourdieu and Passeron, Reproduction in Education, Society and Culture (London: Sage,
1977).
Bourdieu, The State Nobility: Elite Schools in the Field of Power (Cambridge: Polity, 1996).
Bourdieu, Homo Academicus (Cambridge: Polity, 1988).
Bourdieu, ‘The Forms of Capital’, in Richardson (ed.), Handbook of Theory of Research for
the Sociology of Education (London: Greenwood Press, 1986).
Bourdieu, ‘The Field of Cultural Production’, in The Polity Reader in Cultural Theory
(Cambridge: Polity, 1994).
Bourdieu, ‘Social Space and the Genesis of Groups’, Theory and Society, vol. 14, no. 6,
November 1985.
Brubaker, R., ‘Rethinking Classical Theory: The Sociological Vision of Pierre Bourdieu’,
Theory and Society, vol. 14, no. 6, 1985.
Cronin, C., ‘Bourdieu and Foucault on Power and Modernity’, Philosophy and Social
Criticism, vol. 22, no. 6, 1996.
Robbins, Bourdieu and Culture (London: Sage, 2000).
Shusterman (ed.), Bourdieu: A Critical Reader (Oxford: Blackwell, 1999).
Grenfell and James, Bourdieu and Education: Acts of Practical Theory (London: Falmer,
1998).
Calhoune et al (eds.), Bourdieu: Critical Perspectives (Cambridge: Polity, 1993).
Jenkins, Bourdieu (London: Routledge, 2002).
Webb et al, Understanding Bourdieu (London: Sage, 2002).
Brown and Szeman (eds.), Pierre Bourdieu: Fieldwork in Culture (Lanham, Md. : Rowman &
Littlefield, 2000).
Lane, Pierre Bourdieu: A Critical Introduction (London: Pluto, 2000).
Grenfell and Kelly (eds.), Pierre Bourdieu : Language, Culture, and Education (New York:
P. Lang, 1999).
Harker et al (eds.), An Introduction to the Work of Pierre Bourdieu (London: Macmillan,
1990).
Halsey et al (eds.), Education: Culture, Economy and Society (Oxford: Oxford University
Press, 1997).
Nash, ‘Bourdieu, “Habitus”, and Educational Research: is it all worth the candle?’, British
Journal of Sociology of Education, vol. 20, no. 2, June 1999, pp. 175-187.
Fine, Social Capital Versus Social Theory: Political Economy and Social Science at the Turn
of the Millenium (London: Routledge, 2001), chapter 4.
13
Baron et al (eds.), Social Capital: Critical Perspectives (Oxford: Oxford University Press,
2000).
Flint, J. and R. Rowlands, ‘Commodification, Normalisation and Intervention: Cultural,
Social and Symbolic Capital in Housing Consumption and Governance’, Journal of
Housing and the Built Environment, vol. 18, no. 3, 2003.
King, A., ‘Thinking With Bourdieu Against Bourdieu: A ‘Practical’ Critique of the Habitus’,
Sociological Theory, vol. 18, no. 3, 2000.
Olson, K., ‘Habitus and Body Language: Towards a Critical Theory of Symbolic Power’,
Philosophy and Social Criticism, vol. 21, no. 2, 1995.
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