Hey Guys and Gals,
This coming PASS session most students will probably want to concentrate on revision for the midterm. If they have questions to ask or are doing a good job of having a student directed session,
then run with that.
However, there are a couple of revision focussed activities that you can use if you need to. I have
compiled all the vocab lists together, which can be used in a number of ways.
A
A spelling bee. Keep this fast paced and do as a whole group, with each table as a team.
PASS facilitators will act as comperes; one can call out words, and the other tallying scores
for tables. There are three components to help revision and embed concepts:
*First - Spell the word (score 1 point)
* Second - Use it in a sentence (score 2 points)
* Lastly - give a definition (score 2 points)
1
Each table is given a word in turn. Get them to answer immediately with no time for
consultation, barring a quick whisper to work out who knows the answer.
2
If at any point an answer is deemed incorrect, or the table PASS on the word, another
team may challenge for the points of unanswered sections.
3
If no tables challenge then the word is given to the next table until someone gets it right.
4
If no tables know the word then write it on the board for discussion or so students can
follow up later. Table with the most points wins.
This should generate some discussion/debate as words that students don’t know are
highlighted/challenged. In the course of discussion the associated concepts will be
discussed
B
As tables/groups, look over the vocab lists from different lecturers and concept map the list
students think is the most difficult - to nut out any tricky concepts.
C
As groups, look over the vocab lists and choose the week you consider has the least familiar
words and define as many words on the list as possible in a given time....if they want a
competition the table with the most words wins.
D
I have also pulled all the quiz questions that lecturers asked at lectures. There are a lot of
them – most are relatively simple.
Mike Schwarz’s questions are not multiple choice, so may be good to generate discussion,
maybe get the students to pick a few pertinent ones they want to discuss.
E
In addition to the vocab lists there will be a copy of the course syllabus to refer to – these
can be used to brain storm and concept map the whole syllabus and connecting phrases. I.E.
One giant concept map for the whole term.
PASS Session Week 9 Revision
Jim Mitchell Week 2
Universe
Galaxy
Earth
Billion
Trillion
Scientific notation
Stratigraphy
Unconformity
Subduction
Thermodynamic
Thermal conduction
Radioactivity
Meteorite
Asteroid
Nuclear fusion
Nuclear fission
Radio isotope
Radio dating
Uranium isotopes
Half life
Amino acids
Cyanide
Micelle
Bilayer
Liposome
Coacervate
Protobiont
Stromatolite
Cyanobacteria
Reducing environment
Oxidizing environment
Isotopic fractionation
Metamorphsis (geological)
Symbiosis
Endosymbiosis
Precambrian
Cambrian
Paleozoic
Mesozoic
Cenozoic
Gavin Prideaux Wk 4
absolute dating
adaptive radiation
background extinction rate
biodiversity
biogeography
biota
diprotodontid
faunal turnover
macroevolution
marsupial
mass extinction
monotreme
palaeobiology
palaeoecology
palaeogeography
palaeontology
photosynthetic pathway
placental
plate tectonics
Pleistocene megafauna
radioactive isotope
relative abundance
relative dating
sedimentary geology
speleothem
stable isotope
stratigraphy
systematics
unconformity
uniformitarianism
phytolith
Jeremy Robertson wk 5
Aerofoil
Algae
Alveoli
Angiosperms
Bronchus /
bronchiole
Buoyancy
Density
Excretion
Geometric scale
Gills
Gymnosperms
Lamellae
Liverworts
Mosses
Osmosis
Parabronchi
Photosynthesis
Phylum / phyla
Protists
Pterophytes
Redspiration
Tautology
Teleology
Trachea
Vascular plants
Mike Schwarz Wk 6
Gene
Allele
Industrial melanism
Biston betularia
Hardy-Weinberg
Selection
Neutral allele
Genetic drift
Malaria
Dominant allele
Recessive allele
Additivity
Incomplete dominance
Heterozygote
Homozygote
Founder effect
Stochastic
Phenotype
Genotype
Sickle cell anemia
Microevolution
Zygote
Monomorphism
Genetic diversity
Frequency dependence
Rare male effect
Heterozygote advantage
Drosophila
Mike Schwarz Wk 7
Natural selection
Fitness
Selection coefficient
Teleological
Random mutation
Artificial selection
Upwardly selected
Drosophila
q (delta q)
Adaptedness
Adaptive
Maladaptation
Paradoxical trait
Necessary and sufficient conditions for
evolution
Microevolution
Macroevolution
Games theory
Prisoners dilemma
Payoff matrix
Payoff
ESS (Evolutionarily Stable Strategy)
Cooperation
Cheating
Gradualism
Punctuated equilibrium
Tempo of evolution
Mode of evolution
Bauplan
Stasis
Species selection
Population genetic model
Jeremy Robertson Lect 1 and 2
Which of the following best describes the logic of hypothesis based science?
1. If I generate a testable hypothesis, tests and observations will support it.
2. If my prediction is correct it will lead to a testable hypothesis.
3. If my observations are accurate they will support my hypothesis.
4. If my hypothesis is correct I can expect certain test results.
Which of the following best distinguishes hypotheses from theories in science?
1. Theories are hypotheses that have been proved.
2. Hypotheses are guesses, theories are correct answers.
3. Hypotheses are relatively narrow in scope, theories have broad explanatory power.
4. Hypotheses and theories are essentially the same thing.
5. Theories are proved true in all cases, hypotheses are usually falsified by tests.
Which of the following is not an observation or inference on which Darwin’s theory of
natural selection is based?
1. Poorly adapted individuals never produce offspring.
2. There is heritable variation amongst individuals.
3. Because of overproduction of offspring, there is competition for limited resources.
4. Individuals whole inherited characteristics best fit them to their environment will
generally produce more offspring.
5. A population can become adapted to its environment.
The smallest biological unit that can evolve over time is:
1. A cell.
2. An individual organism.
3. A population.
4. A species.
5. An ecosystem.
A scientific theory is:
1. Just a speculation on how things work.
2. The same as a hypothesis.
3. A predictive understanding of the natural world that can generate new hypotheses.
4. All of the above.
Teleology is the belief:
1. The earth is flat because when you walk around it appears so.
2. Biological systems are so complex there must be a designer.
3. Birds and butterflies are colourful because they were designed to please our senses.
4. All of the above.
The Flying Spaghetti Monster is:
1. A serious new religion.
2. A fantasy of people with a pasta obsession.
3. A predictive hypothesis of how the natural world came to be.
4. A means for showing that arguments for equal time in school are ridiculous.
5. A pointless attack on the certainties of religious fundamentalism.
Which of the following statements are true:
1. Osmosis is the movement of solutions through a membrane so that the concentrations on
either side reach equilibrium.
2. In osmosis the membrane usually prevents the movement of larger dissolved molecules
(solutes).
3. In diffusion larger dissolved molecules can usually pass through the membrane to
equalise concentrations.
4. All of the above.
5. None of the above.
For animals to move onto land:
1. They needed to be large.
2. They had to produce lots of oxygen.
3. They could only do so after plants.
4. They had to develop limbs.
Which of the following is true:
1. Plants evolved in freshwater.
2. Like animals the plants evolved in the sea.
3. Unlike animals plants mainly evolved on land.
4. Most plants are non-vascular.
5. None of the above.
Which of the following is true:
1. The surface area of objects increases at the same rate as increases in length.
2. The volume increases as the square of the length.
3. For each increase in length surface area increases 9 times and volume increases 27 times.
4.Volume increases faster than surface area.
5. None of the above.
Which of the following is true:
1. Mammal lungs have a one-way flow of air.
2. Air moves through bird lungs tidally.
3. Respiration is more efficient in birds than mammals.
4. The efficiency of respiration is the same in birds & mammals.
Which of the following is true about animal locomotion:
1. Running is more efficient than flying.
2. In humans swimming is less efficient than running.
3. In most animals swimming is slightly more efficient than running.
4. The efficiency of locomotion decreases with the size of animals.
Which of the following is true about counter current multipliers:
1. Are not found in mammalian lungs.
2. Are found in bird lungs.
3. Are how penguins prevent their cold feet from cooling them down.
4. Are the basis of heat pumps
5. All of the above.
Jim Mitchells lectures
What is the error on the current estimate of the age of the earth?
• Plus or minus
A - 11 years
B - 10 million years
C - 100 million years
D - No error, the date is known
What is meant by gram positive and gram negative bacteria?
Prokaryote organization is distinct from eukaryotes. Which of the following is not true:
A; Prokaryotes lack a membrane bound nucleus
B: Prokaryotes have membrane bound compartments unlike eukaryotes.
C: Prokaryotes infolded plasma membrane for respiration and photosynthesis
The presence of oxygen has a positive impact on the growth of some prokaryotes and a
negative impact on the growth of others. Which of the following is true:
A: Obligate anaerobes require O2 for cellular respiration.
B: Facultative anerobes will use O2 if present but can also grow by fermentation in an
anaerobic environment.
C: Obligate aerobes are poisoned by O2 and use either fermentation or anaerobic
respiration.
Dr Gavin Prideaux Lectures
What does relative dating tell us?
A : The precise moment in time when sediments and fossils were deposited (usually to
within the hour)
B : That when strata are found in a steeply inclined position, some force has altered them
from their original position
C : The relative order in which sediments and fossils accumulated
D : This sucks – can I go now?
Biostratigraphy is:
A : The scientific application of Smith’s ‘Principle of Faunal Succession’
B : The study of the distribution of fossil organisms through space and time as a relative
means of dating sedimentary strata
C : The easiest and most widely useful method of aging rocks
D : All of the above
Which of the following is false? Paleontology is:
A: Is the only real way to analyse long-term biotic responses to climate change
B: Aims to pull together a variety of information to shed light on life of the past
C: Relies on the Principles of Uniformitarianism and Faunal Succession
D: Is really only interesting to dinosaur nerds and boys under the age of 7
The Miocene oscillation is:
A : Was a time of cool temperatures and low rainfall
B : Was a temporary reversal of the general trend toward an increasingly cooler global
climate
C : Induced a marked reduced in diversity within the Australian mammal fauna
D : Was characterised by marked fluctuations between warmer and cooler climates
The last 700,000 years of the Pleistocene has been characterised by:
A : Intense diversification within the wombat and kangaroo lineages
B : One long Ice Age
C : 100,000-year climatic cycles divided in glacial and interglacial periods fluctuating
markedly in rainfall and temperature
D : 41,000-year cycles of cold/wet and hot/dry intervals
Major increases in tooth crown height and body size in marsupial herbivores:
A : Are adaptations to more abrasive and fibrous diets
B : Characterised the Pliocene epoch
C : Accompanied the spread of drier, more open habitats
D : All of the above
What are the five big masss extinctions? When were they?
Mike Schwarz quiz questions from lectures for discussion.
Can you think of an example of co-dominance? (both alleles simultaneously expressed)
For a single locus trait where one allele is dominant, how many phenotypes are there?
What are the possible genotypes of Biston betularia moth?
What are the five assumptions of the Hardy Weinburg equilibrium?
Which will most rapidly lead to monomorphism? Selection against a dominant allele or
selection against a recessive allele?
People of African origin have now been living in North America for more than 200 years.
Would you expect the frequency of the sickle cell allele to differ between African Americans
and their source African populations?
Below are three suggested ways of measuring phenotype of sickle cell anemia. What effect
would our choice of measuring phenotype have if we were to look at Africans in North
America compared with in Africa?
(i)
Severity of anemia
(ii)
Presence of sickle cell haemoglobin
(iii)
Resistance to malaria
Why might females prefer to mate with males with rare phenotypes??
Can you think of any situations where genetic drift via founder effects may have been
especially important?
How are species reproductively isolated?
Does Natural Selection make species better adapted to their environment?
Does Natural Selection work for the ‘good of the species’?
Does Natural Selection make it less likely that a species would become extinct (compared
with no selection at all?)
What are the three necessary and sufficient conditions for evolution?
How do we define the selection coefficient s in terms of W
Can you think of any way that selection might operate for the FUTURE good of the species?\
Can you think of any way that selection might be teleological?
Does the Biological Species Concept apply to all sexually reproducing species?
What sort of species concept should we use for asexual species?
What sort of things might make asexual species morphologically stable over long periods of
time?
What sort of things might maintain species distinctness in the face of gene flow via
hybridization?
List four kinds of pre-mating isolating mechanisms.
What are the three main kinds of hypothesized speciation models?
Phylogenetic tree with four terminal nodes and label the sister taxa.
Most evidence for sympatric speciation is indirect….
From phylogenetics or inferred lack of physical barriers in the past.
How could we best test the possibility of sympatric speciation?