University of Warwick
MA in Translation, Writing
and Cultural Difference
Student Handbook 2009-10
MA in Translation, Writing and Cultural Difference
Academic Calendar, 2009-10.
Term 1
Date
Mon-Tue 5-6th October
2009 (Week 1)
Mon- Fri, Monday 5th – 9th
Oct (week 1)
Friday 16th October
(end week 2)
For Students
Fist meeting for Module
Intellectual Contexts I,
Monday 5th
Induction Meeting in H202
Tuesday 2pm to 3pm.
Attend general
postgraduate meetings in
English, French, German.
Attend first sessions in term
1 modules.
Chose term 2 modules from
the updated list. Check
these are running with
tutors. Get option choices to
German Dept and onto OMR
system.
Wed 18th November
Date and time to be
confirmed
Friday 11th December
(end of week 10)
Staff Student Liaison
Committee (SSLC)
meeting.
Representatives sought!
By now you should have
selected a dissertation
topic, approached and
confirmed an MA
dissertation supervisor
from the relevant
department. A working
dissertation title is
required: please inform
German Department.
2
For Staff
Induction of new students
Postgraduate Open Day: JH
to coordinate and MA in
TWCD presence.
Staff Student Liaison
Committee meeting
Term 2
Date
12 noon, Friday 15th
January 2010.
January 2010.
Date and time t.b.c
Throughout term 2
For Students
Assessed essays from
term 1 modules to be
handed in to German
Dept. Office. Except
German module (see
below).
Graduating MA students
from last year (2007-08) to
graduate at Winter
ceremony
2nd SSLC meeting
Continue to meet with
dissertation supervisor.
Finalize dissertation title
by week 7, Friday 19th
Feb. Please notify the
German Department
Term 3 and Summer 2010
Date
For Students
12 noon, Monday 10th
Term 2 Module
May 2010
assessment work to be
handed in to German
Department.
Time and place TBC
Final SSLC meeting and
report
June date
‘Crossing Borders’
submission deadline –
Monday 28th June if you
have done this module:
hand in to English
department
June-Aug 2010
Monday Aug 16st 2010
Dissertations handed in
to German Dept by 12
noon.
Monday 13th Sept 2010 *
Monday 27st Sept 2010 *
*Dates to be confirmed.
3
For Staff
German Dept to coordinate
where necessary.
SSLC meeting
For Staff
JH to liaise with external
examiner over final
organisation
German Dept to distribute
dissertations to internal
markers (first and second)
JH to post essays to
external: to arrive 15th/16th
September *
MA Exam Board *
Welcome to the MA. We hope you will have an excellent year with us!
This is an innovative and interdisciplinary twelve-month full-time (24 months part-time)
programme of study leading to an MA. The aim of the course is to examine translation between
English and either German, French or Italian in a cultural context, and develop communicative,
imaginative and critical abilities related to literary writing. Students are encouraged to develop
their interest in intercultural communication and combine the study of theoretical models with
active translation work and creative writing
The MA is run collaboratively by a number of units in the Faculty of Arts, including the
departments of English and Comparative Literature, French, German, and Italian.
Please remember that, whatever your language specialism, for administrative purposes you
should always refer in the first instance to the Department of German;


the Departmental Secretary is Mrs Marie Lucas (Room H205, ext. 24419, e-mail
warwick.ac.uk);
the Course Co-ordinator is Dr James Hodkinson (room H216, ext. 50387, e-mail
j.r.hodkinson@warwick.ac.uk).
Term Dates 2009-2010
WARWICK TERM DATES 2009/2010
Autumn Term
Monday 5 October 2009 – Saturday 12 December 2009
Spring Term
Monday 11 January 2010 – Saturday 20 March 2010
Summer Term
Monday 26 April 2010 – Saturday 3 July 2010
Taught Postgraduate students are expected to continue with their studies outside the stated term
dates. MA programmes for full-time students include work equivalent to a notional 45 weeks
within the year.
What to do first
As soon as you can, take two passport photographs of yourself to Mrs Marie Lucas, room H205,
second floor of the Humanities Building, and complete an address card. Secretarial office hours
are normally Monday-Friday, 9:30-13:00 and 14.30-17:00. If you change your address during
your time at Warwick, please let the secretary know, otherwise it may be difficult to contact you.
Contd.
4
How to find us
All units involved in the MA are situated in the Humanities Building. German is on floor two,
French and Italian on floor four, and English on floor five. All staff have rooms along the corridor
of the relevant floor. Office hours are posted on the doors during term time. Please try to keep to
these times if you need to see a tutor. Out of term time the arrangements may vary, so make
sure you know what the arrangements are for the person you want to see. If you need to see a
staff member urgently, use e-mail or contact the relevant department’s secretary. E-mail
addresses are listed below.
Communication
All important messages will be sent to you via your Warwick e-mail address, so be
sure to check it on a daily basis. The pigeonholes opposite the lift on 2nd floor (on the side
of the German department) are used for letters and paper communication. Check the notice
boards outside relevant departments regularly for further information on Visiting Speakers,
Conferences at Warwick and in other Universities, Fellowships, etc.
Contact Staff
These are the members of staff who will be your main contacts in each department. You will also
need to get contact details for tutors of individual modules.
For all general MA matters

Support staff: (German)
Marie Lucas, Departmental Secretary, room H205 (tel. 024-765 24419),
M.L.Lucas@warwick.ac.uk

Academic co-ordinator: Dr James R. Hodkinson, Department of German Studies,
University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL. Room H216, tel. 024 76150387; e.mail:
J.R.Hodkinson@warwick.ac.uk. In Term 2 (Spring) The coordinator will change and will
most likely be Professor Rob Burns (R.A.Burns@warwick.ac.uk)
Departmental contacts:
Italian:

Support: Harpal Singh, Department of Italian University of Warwick, COVENTRY,
CV4 7AL; Telephone No: 02476 524126; Fax No: 024 76528174; e.mail:
h.singh@warwick.ac.uk

Academic: Loredana Polezzi, Department of Italian University of Warwick, COVENTRY,
CV4 7AL; Telephone No: 02476 523253; Fax No: 024 76528174;e.mail:
l.polezzi@warwick.ac.uk
5
English:

Support:
Cheryl Cave, room H545 (tel 024 76523665),
c.a.cave@warwick.ac.uk

Academic:
Michael Hulse, room 544 (tel 024 76522335),
m.w.hulse@warwick.ac.uk
John Gilmore
French:

Support:
Sylvia Howell, Departmental Secretary, room H442 (tel. 024-76523013)
S.Howell@warwick.ac.uk

Academic:
Pierre-Phillippe Fraiture, Room H437 (tel. 024-76523013 ),
P-P.Fraiture@warwick.ac.uk
German:
See ‘general MA’ matters above
All academic members of staff will have office hours, normally posted on their doors.
If in doubt, contact the relevant departmental secretary/support staff for an
appointment.
Library contacts
You may want to contact subject librarians for specific areas of studies; these are Peter Larkin
for French and English and Italian, and Richard Parker for German.
Registration
Information regarding registration will already have been sent to you by post, and is also set out
in details at http://www.warwick.ac.uk/AcademicOffice/postgrad/Enrolment.
Any queries regarding registration should be e-mailed to pgoffice@warwick.ac.uk , or telephone
either Tracey Williams on 024 76526100 or Faye Emery on 024 76522755.
The Graduate School (http://www.warwick.ac.uk/services/gradschool)
The principal aim of the Graduate School at Warwick is to support the academic departments and
centres of the University in providing the best possible research environment and educational
experience for postgraduates. At Warwick, the Graduate School has an office located on the first
floor in University House. This Office is responsible for all aspects of administration relating to
postgraduate students and courses. The Graduate School website offers a range of information
about graduate study at Warwick, and a copy of the university’s postgraduate handbook can be
downloaded there.
6
Core and optional modules
Modes of Study
Award
MA
Period of Registration
– Full Time
12 Months
Period of Registration
– Part Time
24 Months
Number of Credits
180 Credits
All students will take the following modules.
Core Module (Term 1):

Translation Studies in Theory and Practice (English/ Translation Studies)
Language specific Core Module (Term 1):


Intellectual Contexts I: Intercultural Transactions (Department of French Studies)
Translation and Cultural Difference between German and English (Department of German
Studies)
The Writing Core Modules (Term 2):

Crossing Borders: Writing, Language, Cultural Transfer (Department of English/ Trans)
One Option Module (Term 2) selected from the list of postgraduate modules offered
by all the participating departments.
Option modules change annually, and an updated list is available at the beginning of the Autumn
term. Modules available For 2009/10 will most likely include:
Issues of Cultural Transfer
Literary Translation and Creative (Re-)Writing in a Global Context
Advanced (guided) Study Option
Self and the Others
Contd.
7
English/ Trans.
English/ Trans.
French
German
Dissertation
You should agree a dissertation topic and be assigned a supervisor by no later than the end of
the first term. The final title must be confirmed by Friday 19th Feb 2010. Please inform
the German Department of this information, as it is decided upon. See pages 11-12 for further
details.
The dissertation will be approximately 15,000 words and may be a translation with a commentary
(normally up to 1/3 translation to 2/3 commentary), a comparative commentary on existing
translations, or a dissertation essay on a topic related to translation studies or intercultural
difference.
Choosing your option for term two
To help you to choose which option courses you wish to take, we suggest you discuss these with
relevant contact staff in each department. You need to decide all your options by Friday of week
2 – week 1 for English options. However, you should contact departments and discuss option
availability as soon as possible: some options may be filling up already, while others might not be
running because of low numbers of students expressing an interest. If you can’t make up your
mind you will be assigned to an option by the course co-ordinator. Options attracting fewer than
3 students will not take place. Numbers will be limited to 12 students per option (15 if the course
is also a core course). We will do our best to see that everyone gets their first choice but please
be prepared to be flexible. You may be refused a place on a course if the number of registered
students exceeds 12 on option courses and 15 on core courses.
Finalize your first and second choices for term two option and return the titles in
writing to the German Department office before 12.00 noon on Friday of week 4
(Friday of week 1 for English options).
Personal Tutors
You will be assigned a personal tutor during the first meeting of the MA (see ‘Timetable for
week one’, below). The personal tutor will normally be in one of the departments you will be
studying with (English, relevant Language Department). You should see your personal tutor at
least twice per term, but you can also arrange additional meetings if you need to discuss any
academic or personal issues.
Remember that the personal tutor system is there to support you and that personal issues will
be treated confidentially. Your personal tutor will usually be able to help, or may refer you to
other University support services, such as the Senior Tutor and Counsellors – but we can only
help if you stay in touch with us!
For 2009/10 all students will be assigned to Dr Pierre-Philippe Fraiture in the Dept. of French
Studies.
8
What you need to do in the first week
Timetable for week one
Monday 5th October 2009
If in the German stream, you might wish to attend the meeting for German Postgraduates in
H202 at 4pm. If you are taking the French module Intellectual Contexts I, then please be aware
that this module starts today on the first Monday of term.
Tuesday, 6th October
COMPULSORY first meeting 2.00 -3.00 p.m., Room H202 for all students on the MA; you
will receive further information on modules, timetables, etc, and you will also have a chance to
meet contact staff from the units involved in the MA.
Please note that you are also encourages to attend meetings arranged by individual departments
for their PG students. You should note, however, that some of the information given at these
meetings may not be entirely relevant to you. If in doubt: ask!
Wednesday 7th October
All students attend Translation Studies in Theory and Practice Core Course 10:00 -12:00
in H102.
Thursday 8th October
The German Stream taking the module Translation and Cultural Difference between
German and English will have its first meeting with Dr Hodkinson in H216, 11.00 - 13.00.
Friday 9th October
Library Training Session in the 1.00- 2.00 pm Seminar Room (Library floor 2). The training
session is very important and compulsory! Please contact Richard Parker, saying who you are,
what your course is, and confirming that you will attend: Richard.Parker@warwick.ac.uk
Finally
During week one, arrange to meet your personal tutor. Your personal tutor will help with
problems of a personal or general academic nature, but not with the content of your work. Agree
a meeting time during Tuesday’s first MA encounter or e-mail your tutor to arrange a time.
French: students following the French Stream are invited to the reception for new graduate
students offered by the H.o.D, in week 1. Please make yourselves known to either the French
secretary, Prof. Seán Hand, Dr Ingrid de Smet, or Dr P-P.Fraiture on the first few days of week1
for details.
9
English Department
Feel free to contact Michael Hulse if you want to discuss any of the Writing Programme or English
Department modules available in term 2.
Preparing for Work
Studying at University has been likened to paying a subscription to a Gym. For your
money you expect excellent facilities, personal attention, regular classes and
dedicated instructors, but if you don’t do the exercises you won’t achieve results!
Students are entitled to:
Students are expected to:
1. Coherent, well taught and well resourced
courses
1. Prepare for, participate in and contribute to
lectures, seminars and tutorials
2. Timely information on course and module
requirements, essay submission dates and other
arrangements
2. Take notice of requirements and due dates,
inform department of unavoidable absences and the
relevant tutors of academic or personal problems
3. Adequate information on the progress of their
work and prompt warning if this is thought to be
unsatisfactory. This includes access to marks for
essays and the results of examinations
3. Respond practically and positively to feedback by
investigating ways to improve work
4. The return in good time of written work, both
assessed and non-assessed, together with
suggestions for improvement and an opportunity to
discuss matters of concern
4. Submit all assessed and non-assessed work in
good time and good order
5. Opportunities to discuss academic work in general
with individual module tutors or personal problems
with Personal Tutors at advertised office hours or
other mutually convenient times
5. Take advantage of the opportunities provided to
get advice on academic and personal matters at
least once or twice a term. Respect the times
provided unless the matter is very urgent.
Time Management
Postgraduate study involves a great deal of work on your own. There will be a considerable
amount of general reading as well as preparation and follow up for each seminar and lecture.
You should be spending six hours reading/preparing for every one contact hour. Expect to be
even busier when preparing assessments! Time management is very important. You will be given
a diary which will help you to monitor your academic progress. Make entries on a weekly basis
listing the following:





The number of lectures and seminars you have attended
The number of study groups, support classes and tutorials with your supervisor
The number of self-study hours you have done (Library, your own reading)
Cultural events (film, theatre, exhibitions, travel in the UK and abroad, field trips etc)
Guest lectures, talks, conferences
10
Take your diary to classes. Use your diary to plan your work for the week and keep a list of
things you need to do in it. We may ask you to present your diary to your Personal Tutor at some
stage during the year in order to assess your progress and help you with your time-management.
The diary will also help to compile a personal development profile of what you have achieved
while at Warwick. Please, be assured that the contents of the diary will not be disclosed
to other students.
Get organised
Make sure you have everything you need for your study. Buy the books you are recommended to
buy – you will need to use them constantly. Keep a list of books you have read with a brief note
of their contents. Investigate the library’s e-learning resources. Whether English is your mother
tongue or not, make sure your competence is as good as it can be. Read books and articles in
English, read English newspapers and magazines, watch English TV, mix with other English
students by joining clubs. If you need extra help go to the in-sessional courses at CELTE, they
are free.
Peer Support
Graduate work by its nature is often a solitary activity. Support from your classmates can be very
helpful. Why not join the Postgraduate association, or use the Graduate space (top floor of the
Humanities Building) as an available meeting place. It has a comfortable seating area and useful
notice boards. You might consider forming a reading group to read a specific text each week and
then meet to discuss it. Think about working with a fellow student and exchanging ideas about
your seminar preparation, your essay research and your writing. Read each other’s work and
offer constructive suggestions
Academic Research and Writing Skills
In the English department, Cathia Jenainati runs sessions throughout term 1 designed to help
overcome the problems commonly encountered in writing essays and dissertations. Please
contact English for details.
11
Assessment
(Part-time students please also consult the additional information below.)
Requirements
In order to be awarded a degree you need to attend the prescribed number of courses, to attend
the required special training sessions, guest lectures and seminars and to produce written work
of acceptable academic quality.
Module assessment

Modules are assessed by a 5000-7000-word essay, or a translation with a commentary,
or a commentary on the publication history/reception of a translated text.

Writing Core Modules taught in Term 2 are assessed by a 7000-word essay or a writing
portfolio.

In the summer term students will work on a 15,000-word dissertation. This may be a
translation with a commentary (normally up to 1/3 translation to 2/3 commentary), a
comparative commentary on existing translations, or a dissertation on a topic related to
translation studies or intercultural difference.
You will be given specific details of assessment requirements and relevant deadlines at
the start of each module.

Dissertation
Your dissertation will relate to your taught courses, but you will be able to choose your own topic
within those confines, in consultation with your supervisor. We strongly suggest that you keep
your dissertation at the back of your mind throughout the first term and make a note of possible
avenues of study as you go along. It is quite difficult to identify a research area, narrow down a
suitable topic and collect material if you leave everything until the last minute. You should also
think about who might be most suitable to help you with your dissertation topic.
Each staff member involved in the MA will be able to supervise a limited number of students.
Discuss your research project with the person you have identified as a suitable supervisor as
soon as you can.
By Friday 11th December (end of week 10 in term 1) you should have selected a
dissertation topic, approached and confirmed an MA dissertation supervisor from the
relevant department.
A working dissertation title and the name of the supervisor are required by this Friday
deadline: please inform German Department in writing.
Finalize the dissertation title by week 7 of term 2, Friday 19 th Feb. Please notify the
German Department
Your next stage will be to work closely with your dissertation supervisor, agree your work plan,
time-scale and organise your own research and reading time-table. Students should aim to see
supervisors every 4 weeks for full time and 4-8 for part time. During holiday periods, if direct
contact with the supervisor is not available, supervisions can take place via email or telephone.
12
Students can expect to receive guidance from supervisors on the nature of research and the
standards expected (including standards of presentation), the planning of the research
programme, literature and sources. However, it is the students’ responsibility to consult a current
MHRA Style Book (published by the Modern Humanities Research Association) for guidelines on
the presentation of the thesis: grammar, spelling conventions, bibliography, references etc.
Length of dissertation should not exceed 15,000 words, excluding bibliography, but
including footnotes. If students wish to add additional appendices, they are advised to get
permission first from the course co-ordinator.
Essay and dissertation drafts
Module tutors and supervisors will be more than happy to read and comment on a draft of your
written work, but well in advance of the drafts deadline. Please allow at least a week for this
process. It is unreasonable to expect comments on work that you have handed in or e-mailed the
day before, and even more unreasonable to bring work to a tutorial and expect instant feedback!
Your supervisor will not be able to read the same piece more than once and no work will be read
if submitted less than ten days before the deadline. After this date you may still discuss ideas and
get suggestions or advice from your supervisor, but he/she will not be able to read anything
more.
After the end of term office hours may vary and tutors may take some holiday as well as
undertake research trips, so be sure you know the vacation arrangements for your dissertation
supervisor. In an emergency any member of staff will be happy to help.
Never leave work in pigeon holes. Either hand in to the office or e-mail (with the permission of
your supervisor).
Part-time students
Part-time students must submit 50% of their written work in the first year of study, with the
remaining 50% to be submitted by the date specified in August of the final year of study.
Normally, part-time students produce two essays for the option modules in their first year of
registration and two further essays plus a dissertation for the core courses in the second year.
Descriptive Marking Scheme for Taught Courses in the Arts
(assessed and examined work)
These guidelines assume a pass mark of 50 for the MA and 40 for the
Diploma/Certificate
Some of the qualities listed below apply only to examinations, some only to assessed work and
some to both.
80+: (Distinction): Work which, over and above possessing all the qualities of the 70-79
mark range, indicates a fruitful new approach to the material studied, represents an advance in
scholarship or is judged by the examiners to be of a standard publishable in a peer-reviewed
publication.
70-79: (Distinction): Methodologically sophisticated, intelligently argued, with some evidence
of genuine originality in analysis or approach. Impressive command of the
critical/historiographical/theoretical field, and an ability to situate the topic within it, and to
modify or challenge received interpretations where appropriate. Excellent deployment of a
13
substantial body of primary material/texts to advance the argument. Well structured, very well
written, with proper referencing and extensive bibliography.
60-69: Well organised and effectively argued, analytical in approach, showing a sound grasp of
the critical/historiographical/theoretical field. Demonstrates an ability to draw upon a fairly
substantial body of primary material, and to relate this in an illuminating way to the issues under
discussion. Generally well written, with a clear sequence of arguments, and satisfactory
referencing and bibliography.
50-59: A lower level of attainment than work marked in the range 60-69, but demonstrating
some awareness of the general critical/historiographical/theoretical field. Mainly analytical, rather
than descriptive or narrative, in approach. An overall grasp of the subject matter, with, perhaps,
a few areas of confusion or gaps in factual or conceptual understanding of the material.
Demonstrates an ability to draw upon a reasonable range of primary material, and relate it
accurately to the issues under discussion. Clearly written, with adequate referencing and
bibliography.
40-49(Fail/Diploma): This work is inadequate for an MA award, but may be acceptable for a
Postgraduate Diploma [although some departments may wish to set the pass mark for a diploma
at a level higher than this]. Significant elements of confusion in the framing and execution of the
response to the question. Simple, coherent and solid answers, but mainly descriptive or narrative
in approach. Relevant, but not extensive deployment of primary material in relation to the issues
under discussion. Occasional tendency to derivativeness either by paraphrase or direct quotation
of secondary sources. Some attempt to meet requirements for referencing and bibliography.
39-(Fail): Work inadequate for an MA or Diploma award. Poorly argued, written and
presented. Conceptual confusion throughout, and demonstrates no knowledge of the
critical/historiographical/theoretical field. Failure to address the issues raised by the question,
derivative, very insubstantial or very poor or limited deployment of primary material.
NB – Pass with Merit. It is also possible to be awarded the MA with ‘Merit’, a category
located between ‘Pass’ and ‘Distinction’. Please note that this category is not an
official faculty term and will not, unfortunately be printed on your MA degree
certificate. It will however appear in a letter of award from the departments
participating in this MA and referred to in any references written for you by course
tutors. Passes with Merit will be awarded according the following criteria:

Four individual marks are at the level of distinction and all other marks are 65
and above.

Three individual marks are at the level of distinction and all other marks are
67 and above.
14
Presentation of Written Work
Writing an Academic Essay at Masters level
For guidance on all matters of writing style, from punctuation to setting out bibliographies, please
consult the MHRA Style Book regularly. It is the standard guide for producing academic work in
the
Humanities.
There
is
a
free,
downloadable
Style Book
available
at
www.mhra.org.uk/Publications/Books/StyleGuide/download.shtml.
Language
Essays and dissertations must be consistent in presentation, typography and referencing, and
they should show mastery of the conventions for presenting scholarly work. Although your
supervisor will correct some language errors she/he may find in your work, it is not his/her
responsibility to do so. The task of copy-editing and proper referencing is the responsibility of the
student, not the supervisor. Remember that inadequate presentation of postgraduate work can
mean failure.
Help with language and writing
The University offers courses devoted to some aspects of academic English. The website of the
Centre for English Language Teacher Education (CELTE) will give you details. English will provide
academic writing sessions devoted to the presentation of written work. Please see above under
‘Academic research and writing skills’. It is essential that you attend all these sessions. See also
the courses provided by the University at: http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/study/csde/
Use of sources
Try to have a variety of sources for your written work. Use mainly books and articles and make
limited and judicious use of the Internet. If an article or book you are reading quotes another
person’s work, try to find the original piece of work and do not rely on secondary sources. There
are several readers or anthologies available that reprint the most important primary sources. If
you use material from a foreign language source you should provide the original quote as well as
a translation and be sure to reference the quotation properly. Please consider the following
points before you decide to use material on the Internet for your research:




How reliable is the information? Is it supported by other sources, preferably printed?
Are the views represented unbiased, or does the site have some ideological
purpose?
Have you referenced the Internet source properly, including date of access?
Have you printed off the relevant pages to include in an appendix?
Referencing
It is essential that your written work should be properly referenced to avoid suspicion of
plagiarism (see also the section on plagiarism). Referencing conventions are set out in the MLA
Handbook for Writers of Research Papers, sixth edition, edited by Joseph Gibaldi (ISBN 0-87352986-3) (obtainable from the University Bookshop), and students must ensure that their essays
and dissertations conform to the conventions in this booklet. A Basic Guide to MLA
Documentation Style can be found on the Current Students/Postgraduate page of our website.
15
You are also recommended to consult F.W. Bateson, The Scholar-Critic: An Introduction to
Literary Research, and George Watson, The Literary Thesis: A Guide to Research.
Submission of essays
Students should use a clear plastic folder. The essay should be submitted personally to H205 in
three hard copies, each with a completed title page clearly visible for easy recognition. The essay
should be submitted personally to H205 in three hard copies, each with a completed title page
clearly visible for easy recognition.
A list of deadlines for submission of work will be provided at the beginning of the
academic year.
Please note that the mark for work submitted late, without prior approval of an
extension, will be reduced by 3% (i.e. 3 marks) per day or part of day.
Marking and feedback
Your work will be marked anonymously by two markers, one of whom will normally be your
supervisor. Marks will be agreed by the two markers but may be changed by the external
examiner. We hope to deliver essay marks and feedback within four weeks of submission. You
will receive your mark and feedback sheet via your pigeonhole. If you wish, you may then collect
your corrected essay from H205, but you must return it within the week so that it can be sent
to the external examiners. When you have read the markers’ comments thoroughly, you may
make an appointment to see your supervisor or your personal tutor to discuss your mark. We
suggest you consult the marking scheme before you write your assessment.
Submission of dissertations
Dissertations should be “soft bound”, an example of which may be seen in H205. Three hard
copies together with one Assessed Work Cover Sheet each should be submitted personally to
H205. Students are reminded that in order to achieve successful binding, the paper weight
should not be less than 80 gm and should be submitted in good order.
Please allow sufficient time for binding as other departments may have the same
deadline and demand for services may be high.
Please note that the mark for work submitted late, without prior approval of an
extension, will be reduced by 3% (i.e. 3 marks) per day or part of day.
Extensions
Applications for extensions must be made through the Course Co-ordinator (Dr James Hodkinson)
using the Extension Request form (Appendix C). When such a form is submitted for the first time
in any given module, it must be accompanied by a statement detailing mitigating circumstances,
and/or supporting documentation, as must requests for any further extension(s). An extension
will not normally be considered unless there are medical grounds or comparable circumstances.
Where the length of extension means that a candidate’s work cannot be considered at the Exam
Board during the third week of September, graduation may be delayed for one year.
16
Deadlines for coursework extensions will be made clear to the student and to all staff concerned
with the assessment of the piece of coursework in question. All documentation regarding
extensions will be kept on file in the German Department.
Failed Coursework
Failed coursework essays for this programme can normally be resubmitted on one occasion only.
All resubmitted coursework for this programme must be handed in to the Departmental
Secretary, Department of German, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL. NOTE: the
maximum mark for resubmitted work is 50%.
Exam board and results
The Board of Examiners for the MA includes the relevant external examiner(s), who have the
right to raise or lower marks at the exam board meeting. Consequently any mark received before
the exam board meeting must be considered provisional. Results may be requested from the
secretary by e-mail on or after the examiners’ meeting (date to be confirmed during summer
term each year).
Return of work
Students wishing to collect one copy of their essays or dissertation may do so between 1st
October and 12th December following the end of their MA registration. After 12th December
return of students' work will not be possible for administrative reasons.
Appeals
For details please see the Warwick Postgraduate Student Guide which can be found at
http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/services/academicoffice/ourservices/examinations/appeals/
17
Plagiarism
What is plagiarism?
All written work produced for assessment must be entirely your own. You must not ask other
people to do your work for you, and you must not present other people’s thoughts, words or
ideas as if they are yours.
If you do, you will be guilty of cheating and will receive a mark of zero.

Your work will be based on your reading and what you have covered in lectures and
seminars. You are expected to demonstrate familiarity with critical views and debates,
but these must all be referenced. If you summarise another person’s ideas, points of
view, figures, software or a table, you must make a reference to that person in the text
and the work referred to must be included in the bibliography. Use of unacknowledged
information downloaded from the internet also constitutes plagiarism.

Any quotation from the published or unpublished works of other persons must be clearly
marked as such by the use of quotation marks, and you should identify your sources as
accurately and fully as possible.

A compilation of short quotations from several sources, if not clearly identified as such,
constitutes plagiarism just as much as does a single unacknowledged long quotation
from a single source.

Don’t forget to include your own response to the question and say how you position
yourself in relationship to the current debates on your topic.
How to avoid plagiarism
In order to avoid unintentional plagiarism follow these procedures while you are studying:



always make a detailed reference for each text that you read and take notes from
while copying quotations, make sure you clearly mark them as quotations in your
working notes and make sure you copy them correctly
gather and use your own examples whenever you want to support a particular view
An interactive learning page on how to avoid plagiarism is available on the Current
Students/Postgraduate page of the Centre website.
Self-plagiarism
Besides ensuring that all essays you submit are your own work, you must also avoid selfplagiarism. This means that you must not submit the same piece of work, or use the same
material (with or without stylistic variation) more than once.
18
Detection and consequences
As you have read, you are required to submit your essays and a dissertation as two hard copies
and on a CD for each assessed piece of work. The CD will be used if there is a suspicion that part
of the work is plagiarised. The University has access to a very sophisticated search engine that
will easily identify printed as well as electronic sources that students use in their work. The
university
regulation
covering
cheating
can
be
found
at: http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/services/gov/calendar/section2/regulations/cheating/
Item B clearly spells out how individual Departments and the University will deal with cases of
cheating and plagiarism.
All students are requested to declare on the submission cover sheet that their work is
all their own.
Useful reading
Joseph Gibaldi, MA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers. New York: The Modern language
Association of America, 1999 and subsequent editions, pp 30-34
Rowena Murray, How to Write a Thesis. Buckingham: Open University Press, 2002, pp. 114-116
Wayne Booth, Gregory G. Colomb, Joseph M. Williams, The Craft of Research. Chicago: The
University of Chicago Press, 2003, pp.201-207
Thomas Mallon, Stolen Words. New York: Harcourt Inc, 2001.
19
General
Staff Student Liaison Committee (SSLC)
This consists of one or more members of staff and a student representative from each of the
language streams. It provides a forum in which to exchange ideas and feed-back about the
progress of the MA and other issues concerning the academic life of the students. Notices
regarding the SSLC will be circulated by e.mail. Please note that you will be invited to nominate
your student representative within the first few weeks of the course. S/he will then canvass your
opinions on particular issues, represent your views and interests at subsequent meetings and will
report back to you on all SSLC developments.
Remember, the effectiveness of the SSLC does not depend on the teaching staff's goodwill, but
on your commitment to improve the quality of your education. An effective SSLC needs the
energetic support of all students. The university's recommendation is that SSLC should meet four
times a year, and we hope that you will make full use of these opportunities for constructive
discussion.
In 2009-2010 the Staff-Student Liaison Committee staff representative will be Dr James
Hodkinson.
Module and Programme Evaluation
At the end of both the first and second terms (December and March), students are required to
complete a Module Evaluation Form. Evaluation forms for the taught programme as a whole will
be distributed and returned in the spring of 2010. Evaluation forms for the dissertation will be
distributed and returned in September 2010. These forms will be used along with your comments
and feedback from the SSLC to help the academic staff plan and improve future versions of the
programme. All these forms can be answered anonymously if you wish.
Extra-curricular activities
The Departments involved in the MA have a varied programme of extra curricular activities.
Guest Lectures and Seminars run throughout the year. The Humanities Research Centre of the
Faculty also offers a variety of academic events. Students are also encouraged to organise their
own outings and gatherings. We hope that you will show an active commitment to maintaining
the cultural vitality of the Faculty by attending and contributing to these events. Please keep a
note of their dates in your diary.
Other Commitments
You should always keep in mind that the MA will be your main commitment during your period of
study. Especially for full-time students, it is important that other commitments, such as part-time
work, extra-curricular courses, etc., should not impinge on the MA’s core activities…
20
Preparatory Reading
Below you will find a brief description and core bibliography relating to all compulsory modules
students may take (depending on language stream) during the course of the MA. You are
advised to start reading some of this material during the summer:
Term 1:
Core Module (all students):
Translation Studies in Theory and Practice
This course introduces and develops the theoretical foundations of translation studies and shows
what factors play a major role in the process of textual transfer between two cultures.
Week 1 - Why study translation?
Susan Bassnett
Week 2 - The equivalence debates
Cristina Marinetti
Week 3 - Issues of un-translatability
John Gilmore
Week 4 – Translating Poetry
John Gilmore
Week 5 - Translating across time
John Gilmore
Week 6 - Manipulating texts
Manav Ratti
Week 7 – Translation and world literature
Manav Ratti
Week 8 – The cultural turn of the 1990s
Cristina Marinetti
Week 9 - Problems of drama translation
Cristina Marinetti
Week 10 - Translation and difference
Cristina Marinetti
Preliminary reading:
Baker, Mona (ed.) Routledge Encyclopaedia of Translation Studies. London: Routledge, 1998
(and subsequent editions)
Bassnett, Susan, Translation Studies. 3rd edition. London: Routledge, 2002
Bassnett, Susan and Trivedi, Harish, Postcolonial Translation. London: Routledge, 1999
21
Gentzler, Edwin, Contemporary Translation Theories. Revised 2nd edition. Clevedon: Multilingual
Matters, 2001
Kuhiwczak, Piotr and Karin Littau, A Companion to Translation Studies. Clevedon: Multilingual
Matters, 2007
Munday, Jeremy, Introducing Translation Studies. London: Routledge, 2001
Venuti, Lawrence (ed.) The Translation Studies Reader. 2nd edition. London: Routledge, 2004
Williams, Jenny and Chesterman, Andrew, The Map. A Beginners’ Guide to Doing Research in
Translation Studies. Manchester: St Jerome, 2002.
Plus ONE of the Language Specific Core Modules:
Either
French: Intellectual Contexts I: Intercultural Transactions
Convenor: Dr Ingrid De Smet (I.de-Smet@warwick.ac.uk)
Tutors for 2007-08: Ingrid De Smet; Kate Astury, Siân Miles; Oliver Davis
Intellectual Contexts I: "Intercultural Transactions" forms the optional core module for students
on the French stream of the interdepartmental MA in Translation, Writing and Cultural Difference.
The module aims to equip students with some of the complex intellectual and conceptual tools
for the advanced study of French culture and thought, both within the field as such, and in its
interactions with other cultures (through translation, dialogue, reception...). It will also have
scope for the concrete, comparative study of transcultural and/or transtemporal translation
practices from the French. Intercultural Transactions is taught by a team of tutors from the
French department whose interests range from the Early Modern period to the Present. Some will
share with you their own professional experience as published translators of French texts.
The syllabus and reading list can be found on the postgraduate pages of the French department’s
website:
http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/arts/french/pg/culturethought/modules/intellcontexts/#Intercultu
ral%20Transactions.
Or
German: Translation and Cultural Difference between German and English
Reading lists available from Dr James Hodkinson.
22
Term 2 (all students)
The writing core module:
Crossing Borders
Convenor: Michael Hulse (H544)
Tutor: Michael Hulse
Spring term: Thursday 10.00-12.00 p.m. in H507
In this course, we spend five sessions reading texts that cross borders of a linguistic and/or
cultural nature, and follow each session with a workshop devoted to original texts written by the
course members out of the encounter with these border crossings.
Weeks 1 and 2
In the first session we read W. G. Sebald’s account of Conrad’s response to the Congo, in
Chapter V of The Rings of Saturn. A familiarity with Conrad’s Heart of Darkness will be an
advantage.
Weeks 3 and 4
This session looks at encounters with the Ottoman Empire, the Near East and India in travel
writings by Alexander Kinglake (from Eothen), Robert Byron (from The Road to Oxiana) and J. R.
Ackerley (from Hindoo Holiday). Extracts from these texts will be made available in photocopy.
Weeks 5 and 6
In this session we focus on the relationship between travel across and between historical and
geographical frames, using Amitav Ghosh’s In an Antique Land, a travelogue-cum-memoir set in
Egypt.
Weeks 7 and 8
Turning to that most difficult of borders to cross, the border that separates us from the past, we
read extracts from the first volume of Elias Canetti’s autobiography, The Tongue Set Free.
Extracts will be made available in photocopy.
Weeks 9 and 10
In our final session we return to W. G. Sebald, and read one of his great narratives concerning
the unknowability of the past: the fourth section, ‘Max Ferber’, of The Emigrants.
READING
As indicated above.
ASSESSMENT
The submission must consist of the following:
a portfolio of narrative fiction or non-fiction of between 5,000 and 6,000 words, plus
a critical commentary of 1,500 words on the cultural and creative processes involved in the
portfolio.
Submissions are due on Monday 28th June 2010.
23
Background Reading
S. H. Duncan, Writes of Passage: Reading Travel Writing, 1999
Terry Eagleton, The Idea of Culture, 2000
Paul Fussell, Abroad, 1980
Peter Hulme and Tim Youngs (eds.), The Cambridge Companion to Travel Writing , 2002
Mary Louis Pratt, Imperial Eyes: Travel Writing and Transculturation , 1992
Salman Rushdie, Imaginary Homelands, 1991
Edward Said, Culture and Imperialism, 1993
Eliot Weinberger, Karmic Traces, 2000
Term 2 (options)
French:
Advanced Study Option II
The Advanced Study Option II (term 2) aims to equip you with advanced knowledge and
understanding of a chosen area in French and francophone Studies. The modules provide you, as
an individual student, with the opportunity to extend your coverage in the discipline (in
particular, filling in gaps) as well as your experience of research techniques of information
retrieval and organisation. In combination with the other elements of the MA for Research in
French and Francophone Studies (or any other Master's programme on which the option is made
available), the Advanced Study Option helps to lay the foundation for further doctoral study.
The module thus enables you to

undertake close textual analysis of French and/or francophone texts [professional skills]

identify, and provide a meaningful and sustained discussion, of one or more complex
issues in the history, culture, thought of politics of France (and cognate areas)
[professional skills; key skills]

demonstrate awareness and appropriate understanding of one or more selected issues or
trends in the discipline of French and francophone studies, or a cognate area or discipline
(e.g. modern literary theory; contemporary cultural studies; the history of ideas)

demonstrate the ability to deploy research skills in French and/or francophone studies as
appropriate to the chosen area of study (e.g. ability to use appropriate electronic
resources, to use a critical edition with an apparatus of variant readings…)

present material effectively both orally and in a scholarly written format [oral
communication skills; written communication skills; literacy; IT-skills]
Teaching and learning methods
The Syllabus for the Advanced Study Option II consists of a personalized reading (or where
appropriate viewing / multimedia-based) programme to be conducted under a tutor’s guidance,
through weekly tutorials for the duration of term I (and respecting the department’s ‘reading
week’ in week 6, when as a rule no taught MA classes take place). In addition to the tutorials and
any independent reading and study of materials (in print, electronic, or other multimedia format)
24
relevant to your chosen area of French and francophone Studies, you may also be encouraged to
audit taught classes (where relevant).
The module may typically be structured as follows:
Week 1: introductory meeting with module tutor and initial design of individually tailored reading
programme
Week 2: tutorial [text 1]
Week 3: tutorial [text 2]
Week 4: tutorial [text 3]
Week 5: tutorial [text 4]
Week 6 [no classes]
Week 7: tutorial, [text 5] including discussion of possible essay title
Week 8: tutorial [text 6]
Week 9: tutorial [text 7], including firming up of essay title
Week 10: tutorial [text 8 / conclusions]
The Syllabus will be comparable in volume and level to those of other MA modules, such as those
taught on the MA in French Culture and Thought (e.g. ‘Books, Subversion and the Republic of
Letters’; ‘Postmodernity in Theory, Film and Fiction’; ‘Conflict, Coercion and Violence in Modern
French Politics’; ‘Nation and Nationalism in Modern French Politics’; ‘Image, Identity, Exchange:
French Cinema at Home and Abroad’…).
Tutors and students may find it helpful to graft or model the Advanced Study Option’s individually
tailored reading programme on the syllabus of existing MA modules (which for instance may not
be running as a regular taught module in a given year) with alterations appropriate to the
student’s needs and interests. In certain specialist areas (e.g. if a student wishes to work on the
French Wars of Religion, or Surrealism) inspiration may also be drawn from appropriate final-year
undergraduate modules which the student has not previously followed but which represents a
meaningful area of further development or for ‘filling gaps’, as long as the reading programme is
altered to suit M-level study.
Assessment:
The Advanced Study Option is assessed by a 5,000 word essay. The weighting and assessment may vary if
the option is taken in the context of another MA programme. Contact the course convenor or Director of
Graduate Studies for more information.
25
German:
GE432: The Self and the Others: Identity, Gender and Ethnicity in German Culture
around 1800
This module is built on the view that the modern notion of identity, be it the nature of human
subjectivity, gender or ethnic identity, were all shaped by intellectual, social, scientific and
aesthetic processes and movements from the Enlightenment onwards: moved by the concept of
reason, the Enlightenment placed a great deal of faith in its own ideal of the individual’s
intellectual and social freedom and its inherent moral integrity. Yet feminist and post colonial
theories of culture have shown how these benefits were very often not extended to the ‘other’,
ultimately excluded groups of women or non-whites, non-Christians and non-Europeans.
The module examines a range of German language texts by men and women from the key period
of 1750 to 1830 from historical and contemporary theoretical perspectives. The module’s themes
receive both progressive, and at times limiting, conservative treatments in the texts chosen. Both
these stereotypes of self, gender and ‘race’ and the creative challenges put to them by these
writers remain with us today and enrich us by deepening our understanding of the historical
processes that led to how we understand ourselves and our others and help inform our insights
into these issues in the present and for the future.
The reading and timings below are only an indication of how the module will run: some changes
may occur, though students opting for the module will be informed of these in good time.
Key Texts:
Primary Literary Texts:
G.E Lessing, Nathan der Weise (Reclam edition)
Handout containing Schiller’s ‘Der Tempel zu Sais’ and other poems, as well as a selection of
Goethe’s poetry: available in Warwick.
Novalis, chapters 1,3,4 and 5from Heinrich von Ofterdingen (Reclam).
E.T.A Hoffmann, Das Sanctus, available in Warwick as handout.
Caroline Augusta Fischer, William der Neger. (Available on module website – download)
Heinrich von Kleist, Die Verlobung in St Domingo (Reclam)
Annette von Droste-Hülshoff, Die Judenbuche (Reclam)
Theoretical Texts:
Stuart Hall, 'The Spectacle of the 'Other', in Hall, ed., Representation. Cultural
Representations and Signifying Practices (Sage 1997),
Paul du Gay et al., ed., Identity: a Reader (Sage 2000),
Simon Malpas and Paul Wake, eds., The Routledge Companion to Critical Theory (Routledge
2006),
26
Silvia Bovenschen, Die imaginierte Weiblichkeit (Suhrkamp, 1979),
Sigrid Lange, Ob die Weiber Menschen sind. Geschlechterdebatten um 1800 (Reclam Leipzig,
1992),
Edward Said, Orientalism (Penguin, 2003)
SEMINAR TOPICS
TEACHING:
Teaching will consist of nine two-hour seminars in term 2. The first hour will usually involve
a (partially interactive) lecture and the second hour will involve seminar-style group discussions
and student presentations.
The weekly breakdown of topics and textual foci is as follows:
Week 1:
Lecture: Introduction: Enlightenment and its Others
Key texts: excerpts from Stuart Hall, 'The Spectacle of the 'Other', in
Hall, ed., Representation. Cultural Representations and Signifying
Practices (Sage 1997), Paul du Gay et al., ed., Identity: a Reader (Sage
2000), Simon Malpas and Paul Wake, eds., The Routledge Companion to
Critical Theory (Routledge 2006), Silvia Bovenschen, Die imaginierte
Weiblichkeit (Suhrkamp, 1979), Sigrid Lange, Ob die Weiber Menschen
sind. Geschlechterdebatten um 1800 (Reclam Leipzig, 1992), Edward
Said, Orientalism (Penguin, 2003).
Week 2:
Lecture: Enlightened Cosmopolitanism? G.E. Lessing and Nathan der Weise.
Seminar: Nathan der Weise part I
Key text: Lessing’s Nathan der Weise
Week 3:
Seminar: Nathan (Part II).
Lecture: The Birth of the Subject and the Gaze at the other: Pre-Romantic
selves in poetry by Schiller and Goethe
Key text: Handout of Goethe and Schiller’s lyrical poetry
Week 4:
Seminar: The Feminine Other in Goethe’s poetry
Seminar: Selves and Others in Goethe
Week 5:
Lecture: Romantic Encounters? Selves and Others in Novalis
Seminar: Novalis and Heinrich von Ofterdingen
Week 6:
Reading Week
Week 7:
Lecture: Christians, Muslims and Otherness: E.T.A Hoffmann, Das Sanctus
Seminar: Hoffmann’s Das Sanctus.
Week 8:
Lecture: Man – Woman – Black – White: Discourses of Alterity in
Romanticism
27
Lecture: Heinrich von Kleist and Caroline Auguste Fischer: Writing and
Identity
Week 9:
Seminar: Kleist’s Die Verlobung in St Domnigo
Seminar: Fischer’s William der Neger
Week 10:
Lecture: Inscribing Boundaries: Gender, Jews and Gentiles in Annette von
Droste-Hülshoff
Seminar: Droste’s Judenbuche
English/ Translation Studies:
1. Issues of Cultural Transfer (Wednesdays 10:00-12:00, in H102)
Week 1 - Translation and travel writing
Loredana Polezzi
Week 2 – Translation and migration
Loredana Polezzi
Week 3 - Translating the Caribbean
John Gilmore
Week 4 - Asia and cultural transfer
John Gilmore
Week 5 - Postcolonialism and modernity
Manav Ratti
Week 6 – Secularism
Manav Ratti
Week 7 - Translation and feminism
Manav Ratti
Week 8 - Sociology of translation
Cristina Marinetti
Week 9 - Transnational life writing
Cristina Marinetti
Week 10 - Translation, globalisation and new media
Cristina Marinetti
*For the reading list, contact Dr John Gilmore (English)
2. Literary Translation and Creative (Re-)Writing in a Global Context
*For the module outline and reading lists, please contact Dr John Gilmore (English)
Appendix A:
28
MA in Translation, Writing and Cultural Difference
Assessed work cover sheet
Student No. ………………………………… Course tutor’s name …………………
Degree course ………………………………………………… Year………………....
Option for which essay is submitted ……………………………………………………
Title of essay …………………………………………………………...
.………..………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
Approximate number of words …………………………
Your work must meet each of the conditions below. Please check :
 Title page with your student number, degree course, title of essay, module and tutor’s name
 One side of paper only to be used
 Double spacing
 Pages numbered
 Wide margin on left-hand side of page
 Full bibliography of all books and articles mentioned
 References in the form required by the Centre’s instructions
Please note :
 Each piece of assessed work must be accompanied by one copy of this form
 Your work must be legible
 We are required, by University regulation, to retain all assessed work for a statutory period.
You are required to submit three copies of each piece of written work, one of which may be
collected after the final Board of Examiners meeting.
I confirm that I am aware of the University’s Regulation governing Cheating in a University Test
(Regulation 11) and of any further guidance issued by my department concerning plagiarism and
proper academic practice, and that the assessed work now submitted is in accordance with this
Regulation and guidance.
You may not submit any work which has previously been submitted either in whole or in part for
another qualification at this or any other institution, unless you have the prior approval of your
department to do so.
Failure to comply with either of the above may make you liable to proceedings under Regulation
11.
I declare that the accompanying piece of assessed work, which is being submitted for a
University test, is my own. Please tick the box below.
Date ……………………………………..
29
Appendix B:
Example of Title Page
Your Student Number
Degree Course
2009-10
Title
Name of module
Supervised by:
30
Appendix C:
Coursework Extension Request Form
APPLICATION FOR AN EXTENSION OF TIME FOR THE SUBMISSION OF A
DISSERTATION
To be returned in person to: Department of German, Room H205
___________________________________________________________________
_____
SECTION ONE
To be Completed by the Applicant
NAME:
REGISTRATION NUMBER:
ADDRESS:
TELEPHONE NUMBER: Home:
Work:
PROGRAMME OF STUDY: (e.g. Degree/Subject)
IS THIS THE FIRST EXTENSION?
WHAT IS THE CURRENT DEADLINE FOR SUBMISSION?
STATE THE NEW SUBMISSION DEADLINE DATE YOU REQUIRE?
SUPERVISOR/TUTOR:
TITLE OF DISSERTATION/PROJECT or MODULE (Title/Code):
31
Please report progress to date (indicating how many
chapters are complete for dissertation)
Reasons for requesting an extension (requests based on
medical grounds should be accompanied by a medical
certificate)
Please set out a proposed timetable after discussion with your tutor to
enable completion by the new submission date.
THIS SECTION MUST BE COMPLETED
Signed:________________________
Date: __________________
Note: If the application is not approved, the candidate is required to submit
their dissertation within three months of the letter notifying the outcome.
________________________________________________________
__________________
32
SECTION TWO: To be completed by the Dissertation
Supervisor/Module Tutor
Comments
I support/do no support* the application:
_____________________________________________
[*Please delete as appropriate]
SECTION THREE:
Approval by Course Co-ordinator
*I approve the application on behalf of the Postgraduate
Committee/Undergraduate Committee*
*I do not approve the application. (Please indicate reasons below)
[*Please delete as appropriate]
Signed: ______________________________________
Date: _____________________
33