EARTH SCIENCE 2015-2016
TTO
OP
PIIC
C4
4
The Dynamic Crust – Earthquakes
and Volcanoes
TOPIC GUIDELINES
READINGS
HOLT Textbook Chapter 12
Review-Book Chapter 3
DAILY ASSIGNMENTS
“Ring of Fire” DVD Guided Notes
Topic Questions #1-35
Seismic Wave Travel Times Table
Locating an Epicenter Practice
REVIEW ASSIGNMENTS
Topic 4 Quickdraw
Review Book Questions: Pages 70 - 78 #1- 37
Topic 4 Castle Learning Assignment
LABORATORY EXERCISES
Lab #14 – Earthquakes in New York State
Lab #15 – Locating an Epicenter Lab Activity
Lab #16 – Virtual Earthquakes Lab Activity
Lab #17 – Earthquake and Volcano Patterns
BONUS CREDIT OPTIONS:
1. BamBoozle – If you come up with a question related to our topic that no one can
answer and you research and find the answer by the following day. To receive credit,
you must ask the question during class discussion and find the answer with credible
source within 24 hours and report back to the class. [ 5 Points per topic ]
2. Finish ALL bellwork questions in a week correctly, plus the challenge question, and
receive 2 pts. Complete all bellwork and challenge questions for a unit and receive 2
additional points. [2 points per week]
3. If ALL students turn in their homework completed on time; all students, in that class
period, will receive extra credit for that assignment. [ 2 points per assignment ]
Topic 4 Topic Questions
1. Give your opinion of the following questions:
A. What causes an Earthquake?
B. How many earthquakes occur worldwide each year?
C. How likely is it for an earthquake to occur in New York State?
D. How likely is it for the Allegany-Limestone area to have an earthquake?
2. What is the difference between an Earthquakes epicenter and its focus?
3. Copy and complete the table below:
Wave
Location
Body Wave
Surface Wave
Wave Name
Wave Type &
Direction
Wave
Transmission
Material(s)
□ Solid
□ Liquid
□ Solid
□ Liquid
Draw Wave
Model
4. What does a seismograph detect and record?
5. Copy the seismogram below and label the Seismic Wave types on the seismogram, based
on their arrival times.
6. What is the relationship between the arrival time of P- and S-Waves and the distance to the
earthquake’s epicenter?
7. Determine the distance to the epicenter if the difference in the arrival times of the P and SWave is:
A. 4 minutes and 20 seconds
B. 6 minutes and 00 seconds
C. 7 minutes and 20 seconds
8. If the epicenter of an earthquake was 4,800 km from a seismic station, how long would it take
for the P-Wave to travel to the seismic station?
9. If an S-Wave traveled for 17 minutes, how many kilometers away from the epicenter would it
be?
10. If an earthquake occurred 2,000 km from a seismic station, what would be the arrival time
difference between the P and S- Waves?
11. As the density of the rocks increases, the velocity of the seismic waves will…?
12. Why do seismic waves refract (bend) as they enter denser layers of Earth’s interior?
13. What is the cause of a shadow zone?
14. Why don’t S-Waves travel to the surface beyond the shadow zone?
15. How do we know that there is both an inner and outer core?
16. How did Andrija Mohorovicic discover the Moho?
17. The Modified Mercalli Scale measures an Earthquakes ___?___, and goes from 1 to __?__.
18. The Richter Scale measures an Earthquakes _____?______, and goes from 0 to ___?____.
19. If you are riding in a car and an earthquake strikes what should you do?
20. While eating lunch in the school cafeteria, there is an earthquake, what should you do?
21. If your house has been partially damaged in an earthquake, should you remain in the
building? Why or why not?
22. You are at the beach and an undersea earthquake has been reported 30 miles away. The
tide is exceptionally low. What should you do? Why?
23. Explain our chance of earthquake damage in Cattaraugus County. Support your opinion with
facts. (Use lab #14)
24. Earthquake activity often occurs before a volcano erupts but dies out as soon as the
eruption occurs? Propose a reason.
25. State the four types of volcanoes
26. What relationship would be expected between the particle size of the volcanic ash deposited
and the distance from the volcanic eruption site.
27. According to the theory of Isostacy, why is the continental crust higher in elevation than the
oceanic crust? In other words, why does the ocean crust sink lower on the asthenosphere.
Use your ESRT to answer the following: This is a review of previously covered material.
28. What is the range of depth of the asthenosphere?
29. What is the temperature between the boundary of the asthenosphere and the stiffer mantle?
30. What is the temperature and pressure between the boundary of the stiffer mantle and the
outer core?
31. What are the depth, temperature and pressure at the very center of the Earth?
32. What is the density range of the stiffer mantle?
33. How do meteorites help us determine the composition of Earth’s interior?
34. Compare and contrast the following items of the continental and ocean crust
A.
B.
C.
D.
Composition
Density
Thickness
Age
35. Where, on the Earth’s crust would be the shortest distance to drill to the Moho?