ART 1 study guide 1 page 1
ART 1 SURVEY OF WESTERN ART, PART I
Prof. NINA BERSON
BASIC CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF AREAS AND CULTURES COVERED
Dates for prehistoric periods vary considerably depending on geographic location
Paleolithic
35,000 – 10,000 BCE
Mesolithic
8000 – 6000 BCE
Neolithic
10,000 – 1200 BCE
Mesopotamia:
Sumerian
3500 – 2025 BCE
Akkadian interlude: 2300 – 2200 BCE
Babylonian
1900 – 1600 BCE
Hittite Empire
1450 - 1180 BCE (Indo –European)
Assyrian
1200 - 612 BCE (fall of Nineveh)
Chaldean (Neo-Babylonian) 612 – 538 BCE (fall of Babylon)
Achaemenid Persian 538 – 331 BCE (conquest by Alexander)
Egypt:
Pre-dynastic
3500 – 3000 BCE
Old Kingdom
3000 – 2150 BCE
Middle Kingdom
2150 – 1785 BCE
New Kingdom 1550 – 1080 BCE
Aegean Bronze Age:
Cycladic
3000 – 2000 BCE (islands)
Minoan
3000 – 1450 BCE (Crete)
Helladic
3000 – 1200 BCE (mainland)
(of which Late Helladic = Mycenaean 1700 – 1200 BCE)
Greece:
Geometric
900 – 700 BCE
Archaic
700 – 480 BCE
Transitional
480 – 460 BCE
Classical
460 – 400 BCE
Post-Classical and Hellenistic 400 – 30 BCE (Roman conquest of Greece)
Etruria: (Italy)
900 – 100 BCE
Rome:
Republican
509 – 27 BCE
Imperial
27 BCE – 476 CE (last Western emperor deposed)
Early Christian Art:
1st Century CE to 800 CE (Charlemagne)
Byzantine Art:
Early
330 –726 (Beginning of Iconoclasm)
Late
843 – 1453 (fall of Constantinople)
Islamic Art
687 - present ( see chart p. 379)
Early Medieval Art in the West:
Barbarian
400 – 800
Carolingian
800 – 950
Ottonian
950 – 1050
Romanesque Art:
1050 – 1200
Gothic Art:
Early
1144 –1200
High
1200 –1300
Late
1300 - 1500
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ART 101
Study Guide 1 page 2
ART 101 Study Guide #1
Prehistoric Art
Old Stone Age (Paleolithic) c. 35,000-8,000 B.C.E.
Woman of Willendorf, Austria. c. 28,000-25,000 BCE limestone
Relief of Two Bison. Le Tuc' Audoubert, Ariège, France. c.15-10,000 BCE, unbaked clay
Spotted Horses and Negative Hand Prints. Pech-Merle, France, pigment/stone, c. 22,000 BCE
Hall of Bulls, Lascaux cave, France, pigment on stone, c.15,000-13,000 BCE
Aurochs, horses and rhinoceroses. Chauvet Cave, Vallon Pont-d’Arc, France, pigment on stone
c. 30-28,000 BCE
Rhinoceros, wounded man, disemboweled bison (wall painting), Lascaux, c. 15,000-13,000 BCE
New Stone Age (Neolithic) 7000-1000 BCE
Human figure from Ain Ghazal, Jordan, ca. 6750-6250 BCE
Deer Hunt [copy of wall painting] Çatal Höyük, c. 5750 BCE
Hagar Qim, Malta, ca. 3200-2500 BCE
Passage grave, Newgrange, Ireland ca. 3200-2500 BCE
Stonehenge, Wiltshire, England, c. 2550-1600 BCE
The Ancient Near East and the Beginning of History
Sumerian
White Temple and Ziggurat at Uruk. c. 3200-3000 BCE, (Warka), Iraq,
Presentation of Offerings to Inanna. (Warka Vase) c. 3200-3000 BCE, alabaster,
Uruk (Warka), Iraq
Votive figures from Square Temple. 2700 BCE. Tell Asmar, Iraq. gypsum, limestone
and shell.
Standard of Ur. c. 2600 BCE. Royal Cemetery, Ur, Iraq. wood, inlaid shell, lapis lazuli, red
limestone
Bull-headed lyre. c. 2600 BCE. Royal Cemetery, Ur, Iraq. wood, lapis lazuli, bitumen,
gold leaf.
Akkadian
Head of an Akkadian Ruler, c. 2250-2200 BCE. Nineveh, bronze, 12”
Victory Stele of Naram Sin, c. 2254-2218 BCE. Susa, Iran. sandstone, 6'7"
Votive disc of Enheduanna, ca. 2300-2275 BCE, Ur, Iraq, alabaster, 10” D.
Neo-Sumerian (Lagash)
Ziggurat (restored stairs), Ur., c. 2100 BCE
Statue of Gudea, Telloh, Iraq, c. 2100 BCE. diorite
Babylonian
Stele of Hammurabi, Susa, Iran. c.1780 BCE. basalt, 7'4"
Hittite
Hattusha Lion Gate, 1343-1200 BCE
Elamite
ART 101
Study Guide 1 page 3
Queen Napir-Asi, Susa, Iran, c. 1350-1300 BCE. bronze/copper
Assyrian
Citadel of Sargon II (reconstruction), Khorsabad, Iraq, c. 720 BCE
Lamassu, c. 720 BCE. Limestone. Citadel of Sargon II,
Dur Sharrukin (modern Khorsabad)
Assyrian Archers Pursuing Enemies, c. 875-860 BCE. Gypsum Relief, Northwest Palace of
Ashurnasirpal II, Kalhu, modern Nimrud.
Neo-Babylonian
Ishtar Gate, Babylon, Iraq, c. 575 BCE glazed and molded brick
Persian
Apadana, Palace of Darius & Xerxes, Persepolis, c. 521-465 BCE
TERMS TO DEFINE
abstract
megalith
twisted perspective/composite view
façade
relief (low, high)
Mesopotamia
Naram Sin
Hammurabi
Darius, Xerxes
frieze
monolith
pictograph
hierarchy of scale
trilithon
register
necropolis
post and lintel
stele
cylinder seal
lamassu
ziggurat
Gudea
Sargon II
cuneiform
Apadana
Shaman
Glaze
Heraldic composition