Supplementary Information
Mesoscale Origin of the Enhanced Cycling-Stability of the SiConductive Polymer Anode for Li-ion Batteries
Meng Gu1, Xingcheng Xiao2, Gao Liu,3* Suntharampillai Thevuthasan1, Donald R. Baer1,
Ji-Guang Zhang4, Jun Liu4, Nigel D. Browning5, and Chongmin Wang1*
1
Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory,
Richland, WA 99352, USA
2
General Motors Global Research & Development Center, 30500 Mound Road, Warren
MI 48090, USA
3
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
4
Energy and Environmental Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratoy,
Richland, WA 99352, USA,
5
Fundamental and Computational Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
*Authors
to
whom
all
correspondence
should
be
addressed:
gliu@lbl.gov;
Chongmin.wang@pnnl.gov
The supporting information includes the following content
1)
Supporting on-line movie showing the concordant deformation of silicon
nanoparticle-conductive polymer composite upon lithiation/delithiation and the lithium
insertion process in the materials prepared by conventional method.
2)
Additional figures
Fig S1 (a) overall view TEM image of the classic composite anode (b) schematic drawing
of the classic composite approach
Fig S2 The experimental (a) and schematic drawing of the set-up for in-situ
electrochemical dilatometer measurement
1
Fig S3. Plotted area changes of the functional composite, single np #1, #2 during in-situ
lithiation observation.
Fig S4 Experimental in-situ TEM observation showing that part of the Si NPs remains
unlithiated during the lithiation process; Note that the unlithiated region shows dark
crystalline diffraction contrast in the TEM image.
2
Fig S1 (a) overall view TEM image of the classic composite anode (b) schematic drawing
of the classic composite approach
3
Fig S2 The experimental (a) and schematic drawing of the set-up for in-situ
electrochemical dilatometer measurement
4
Area change (times)
3.0
functional composite
single np 1
single np 2
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.0
0.5
1.0
Lithiation state
Fig S3. Plotted area changes of the functional composite, single np #1, #2 during in-situ
lithiation observation.
5
Fig S4 Experimental in-situ TEM observation showing that part of the Si NPs remains
unlithiated during the lithiation process; Note that the unlithiated region shows dark
crystalline diffraction contrast in the TEM image.
6