Biodiversity Mini-Test 1 Practice Questions
ANSWER KEY
A- MULTIPLE CHOICES
1.
2.
3.
Which is not one of the three levels of
biodiversity?
A) Genetic diversity
B) Species diversity
C) Habitat diversity
D) Ecosystem diversity
What is the shape of bacilli bacteria
a. rod shape bacteria
b. spiral shaped bacteria
c. spherical shape bacteria
d. all of the above
8. HIV virus is an example of
a. reverse transcriptase
b. DNA
c. bacteriophage
d. retrovirus
9. Approximately how many species live on
earth?
a) 10 million- 100 million
b) 2 million- 30 million
c) 5 million- 50 million
What does it mean when two species have
the same genus?
This signifies that the two species are related
in anatomy.
This indicates that the two species are related
in ancestry.
This shows that the two species are related in
embryology.
All of the above.
10. Circle the one that does NOT classify
bacteria by respiration
a. Require oxygen (Obligate aerobes)
b. Can survive with or without oxygen
(Facultative anaerobes)
c. Reproduce with sources of sunlight
and oxygen (Reprogative anaerobes)
d. Grow only in absence of oxygen
(Obligate anaerobes)
What is the correct order of the seven main
levels of classification from broadest to most
specific?
Kingdom, Phylum, Order, Family, Class,
Genus, Species
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family,
Genus, Species
Phylum, Class, Kingdom, Family, Genus,
Species, Order
Species, Genus, Family, Order, Class,
Phylum, Kingdom
11. Most archaebacteria live in environments
with:
a. Oxygen
b. Carbon dioxide
c. No oxygen
d. No carbon dioxide
12. Viruses are…
(a) Multicellular
(b) Unicellular
(c) Non-cellular
(d) Lytic-cellular
A.
B.
C.
D.
Which of the following is not one of the six
kingdoms of classification?
Eubacteria
Fungi
Protozoa
Archaebacteria
13. Plasmid is
a. a circular DNA found in virus
b. a circular DNA found in
bacteria
c. a circular DNA found in
eukaryotic cells
d. all of the above
6.
a.
b.
c.
d.
E.
The genetic material of virus is:
RNA only
DNA only
Either RNA or DNA
Plasmid
None of the above
A.
B.
C.
D.
4.
A.
B.
C.
D.
5.
7. A bacteriophage is
a. a bacterium that infects a host cell
b. a virus that infects a prion
c. a prion
d. a virus that infects bacteria
e. none of the above.
14. What best describe endosymbiotic
relationship?
a. a shark ate a fish and now that fish is living
inside the shark
b. an independent bacterium took up
residence inside another bacterium and got
passed on to many generations of the latter’s
offsprings.
c. a bacterium fix nitrogen at the root of
legume plants.
d. Plovers (bird) pick parasites from crocodile
mouth and they get a meal out of it
B15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
TRUE/FALSE:
Viruses are multicellular and dependent on host body for survival F
K-T extinction occurred 20 million years ago F
British bumblebees are at risk of lack of genetic diversity because of inbreeding T
Molecular phylogeny measures the degree of similarity between DNA, RNA and proteins T
The key event that led to the appearance of multicellular organisms 600 million years ago was
Earth's atmosphere and oceans accumulating increased amounts of oxygen T
20. Life first appeared on Earth 5 billion years ago F
21. (a) Prions are not viruses but they can cause disease
T/F
(b) BSE (Mad Cow Disease)is caused by Prions
T/F
(c) Prions cannot affect humans
T/F
MATCHING
22. Match the word with the most suitable definition.
_d__ Biodiversity
a.
A system used to identify organisms by a series of choices that
lead to an organism’s name
_f__ Binomial Nomenclature
b.
The tree like visual organizer (or Phylogenetic tree) used to
illustrate the relationships between organisms
_g__ Taxa
c.
The study of the evolutionary relatedness between/among
species
_a__ Dichotomous Key
d.
The variety of species on Earth
_c __ Phylogeny
e.
A project launched in 2010, to create at database of DNA
profiles of every species in the form of a barcode
_b__ Cladogram
f.
_h_ Taxonomy
g.
The naming system involving two names (both the Genus and
Species)
The seven main levels of classification
_e__ International Barcode of
Life
h.
The division of organisms into ordered categories or levels
23.
Match the correct levels of biodiversity by their definitions:
1. Genetic Diversity b
a) Refers to the variety and abundance of the species
in a given area
2. Species diversity a
b) All of the different types of makeup present in a
particular species.
3. Ecosystem Diversity c
c) Diverse range of habitats, the various organisms
that live in those habitats and the relationships that
connect them.
FILL IN THE BLANK
24. __Obligate__aerobes can ONLY survive in the presence of O2_
25. Gram positive bacteria have thick peptidoglycan layer in their cell wall
26. The layer the zone of inhibition, the more effective the antibiotic against a specific type of bacteria
27. Bacteria can be grown on agar plates to check for antibiotic resistance
28. Antibiotics are any substance that kill or inhibit bacteria
29. Some bacteria can cause disease by --> WE didnt talk about this in class. So you can ignore although
it's not too hard to understand
a. Growing too numerous in the host
b. Destroying host cells and tissue
c. Release toxins that harm the host
30. Some bacteria have become resistant to almost all antibiotics today.
31. Viruses range from 0.05 to 0.2 micrometers. They have no cell and organelles , cytoplasm or cell
membrane. They do not reproduce by cell division. They replicate using the lytic or lysogenic
cycles.
SHORT ANSWERS:
CONSULT YOUR NOTE FOR ALL ANSWERS TO THIS SECTION
32. Draw and explain the lytic and lysogenic reproduction cycle of viruses
33. Make a cladogram based
on the following derived
characteristics:
34. Describe one application of virus and genetic engineering
35. What is causing the lack of genetic diversity in bees and what is the consequence?
36. Name 4 types of human actions that threaten biodiversity?
37. What is a cladograms and what is included in a clad?
38. Explain the difference between traditional taxonomy and modern taxonomy. What are the
challenges with using each?
39. Define biodiversity
40. Create an acronym for the four threats to biodiversity while listing these threats:
example: Over-hunting/over-fishing (Only)
Habitat Loss (He)
Invasive Species (Is)
Climate Change (Cool)
41. Based on the given characteristics identify the organism as either bacteria or virus.
a) 1-10um in size
b) 0.05-0.2um
c) Has DNA or RNA
has a capsule
has a capsid
is non-cellular
bacterium
virus
virus
42. Does a retrovirus transfer DNA to RNA or RNA to DNA? Give one example of a retrovirus.
HIV
43. Is a prion considered a virus? What diseases caused by prions?
No; diseases include BSE in cattle and C-J in human
44. List the 5 shared characteristics of Archaebacteria and Eubacteria.
Prokaryotic cells: no nucleus, no membrane bound organelles; unicellular, reproduce asexually by
binary fission; have a single chromosome.
45. Label the bacteria by shape.
\
Lump = staphylococcus___________ _
_bacilli ____________ ___
46. Who discovered Penicillin and explain how? Who created the very first antiseptic?
Alexander Fleming discovered antibiotic through serendipity when he observed clear zone free of
bacteria on a moldy agar plate.
Joseph Lister
47. What is the difference and similarity between a photoautotroph and a photoheterotroph?
48. What are two examples of bacterial diseases?
49. Define the zone of inhibition
50. How can viruses be engineered to correct genetic disorders?
51. Describe the endosymbiosis theory (Or How did single celled organisms evolve into multicellular
organisms?)
52. What are the methods of reproduction in bacteria (i.e. binary fission and conjugation).
53. When you consume food, the proteins in the food are broken down by enzymes in the stomach and
small intestine. Suppose you swallowed some viruses. Predict what would happen to the viruses
54. What are some benefits of the International Barcode of Life project
55. What are viroids and prions?
56. How does vaccine work? Include antigen, antibodies, white blood cell, macrophage in your
answer
57. Explain how bacteria launch group activity with quorum sensing
58. Why does bacterial horizontal gene transfer pose such a threat to us? (from antibiotic resistant
bacteria at the meat counter Article)