MINIMUM LABORATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN GEODETIC ENGINEERING
LIST OF LABORATORY EQUIPMENT
Quantity
1 set
1 set
5 set
2 pcs
3 pcs
5 sets
10 pcs
5 sets
10 pcs
5 pcs
2 pcs
2pcs
1pc
1 pc
1 set
5 sets
5 sets
2 sets
10 sets
1 set
5 pcs
5 pcs
5 pcs
2 pcs
2 pcs
5 sets
Description
Electronic Total Station, 1-km range, with at least 2 single
prisms
Theodolite, 1” least reading
Transit, 1’ or 20” least reading
Steel tape, 100m
Steel tape, 50m
Chaining pins
Range poles
Leveling instrument
Leveling rod
Stadia rod
Thermometer
Spring balance
Programmable calculator
PC, Pentium 4
Survey software
Drafting machine
Pantograph
Mirror stereoscope with parallax bar
Pocket stereoscope
Planimeter
Plumb bob
3 – arm protractor
Leadline
Prismatic eyepiece
Aneroid barometer
GIS software
Aerial photograps (as needed)
Topographic maps, scale 1:50,000 (as needed)
LMS survey returns forms (as needed)
1
General Surveying 1
Laboratory/Field Exercises
1. Determination of Pace Factor
2. Measuring Distances on Horizontal
and
Inclined Surfaces Using
Pacing or Chaining
3.
Use, Care,
Operating
Transit
Adjustment and
Principles of a
4. Prolonging a Line by the Use of
Tape or
Transit
5. Measuring Obstructed Distance by
Transit and Tape
6. Determination of an Area by Tape
7. Measurement of Horizontal &
Vertical
Angles Using
Transit
Specifications
Steel tape, 50m
Steel tape, 100m
Chaining pins
Range poles
Steel tape, 50m
Steel tape, 100m
Chaining pins
Range poles
Plumb bob
Engineer's transit, 1'
least reading
Range poles
Engineer's transit, 1'
least reading
Steel tape, 50m
Steel tape, 100m
Chaining pins
Range poles
Engineer's transit, 1'
least reading
Steel tape,50m
Steel tape, 100m
Chaining pins
Range poles
Steel tape,50m
Steel tape, 100m
Chaining pins
Range poles
Engineer’s transit
Chaining pins
Range poles
Minimum
Required
Quantity
(*)
1
1
5
2
3
2
5
10
5
Units
5
units
10
pcs
5
units
3
2
5
10
pcs
pcs
sets
pcs
5
units
3
2
5
10
3
2
5
10
5
5
10
pcs
pcs
sets
pcs
pcs
pcs
sets
pcs
units
sets
pcs
pc
pc
sets
pcs
pcs
pcs
sets
pcs
pcs
2
2
8. Running a Traverse by Measuring
Azimuth or Reading Interior or
Deflection Angles
Engineer's transit, 1'
least reading
Steel tape, 50m
Steel tape, 100m
Chaining pins
Range poles
9. Differential Leveling by Single and Level, wye or dumpy
Double - Rodded Method
Leveling/stadia rod
5
units
3
2
5
10
5
10
pcs
pcs
units
pcs
units
pcs
* Note:
 The equipment used in one exercise may be used in other exercises.
 The minimum requirement is for a class of about 25 students.
General Surveying 2
Laboratory Exercises
1. Stadia Constant Determination
2. Transit Stadia Traversing
3. Base-Line Measurement
4. Angular Measurement by:
a. Direction Method
b. Repetition Method
5. Topographic Survey
Specifications
Engineer's transit 1'
least reading
Steel tape, 100 m
Steel tape, 50 m
Leveling/stadia rod
Engineer's transit, 20”
least reading with
stadia rods
Steel tape, 100 m
Thermometer,
chaining
Spring balance
Engineer's transit
Theodolite, 1"least
reading
Engineer's transit, 20”
least reading
Range poles
Engineer's transit, 1' or
20” least reading
Steel tape, 100 m
Steel tape, 50 m
Minimum
Required
Quantity
5
Units
2
3
5
pcs
pcs
pcs
10
pcs
2
2
pcs
pcs
2
2
1
pcs
units
unit
2
units
2
5
pcs
units
2
3
pcs
pcs
units
3
Stadia rods
6. Determination of Azimuth by Engineer's transit, 1' or
Observation of the Sun
20” least reading
Solar eyepiece
7. Trigonometric Leveling
Engineer's transit, 1' or
20” least reading
Steel tape, 100m
Steel tape, 50m
Range poles
* Note:
 Alternate Specifications for items (1) and (7)
Electronic Total station with 2 Single Prisms
10
pcs
5
units
5
pcs
5
units
3
2
10
pcs
pcs
pcs
1
unit
 Alternate Specifications for items (3), (4), (5), (6), (9), (12), (13) and (14)
Survey software
1
set
 (*) same unit
Property Surveys
Laboratory Exercises
1. Field Survey in Original Land
Survey
2. Azimuth Observation and
Computation:
1. Solar
2. Stellar
3. Traverse Computation and
Determination of Common Points
4. Lot Data Computation
Specifications
Engineer's
transit, 1' or 20”
least reading
Steel tape, 50m
Steel tape, 100m
Stadia rods
Engineer's
transit, 20” least
reading
Theodolite, 1'
least reading
Programmable
calculator (*)
Programmable
calculator (*)
Traverse sheets
Computation
Sheets
Minimum
Required
Quantity
5
Units
3
2
10
pcs
pcs
pcs
5
units
1
unit
1
unit
1
unit
units
(As needed)
(As needed)
4
5. Preparation of Isolated Survey Plan
6.Completion of Survey Returns
7. Field Survey for Project Control by:
Traverse/Triangulation/GPS
(optional)
8. Stellar Computation for the
Establishment
of Base Meridian
9. Project Control Traverse
Computation
10. Computation and Adjustment of a
Quadrilateral
11. Adjustment of Old Surveys
12. Lot Data Computation for
Cadastral Survey
13. Preparation of Cadastral Maps
14. Preparation of Complete Cadastral
Survey Returns
LMS-format
tracing paper
LMS Forms
Engineer's
transit, 20” least
reading
Theodolite, 1”
Steel tape, 50m
Steel tape, 100m
Programmable
calculator (*)
Programmable
calculator (*)
Programmable
calculator (*)
Programmable
calculator (*)
LMS
Computation
Sheets
Tracing paper
(LMS Format)
LMS Forms
(As needed)
(As needed)
5
units
1
3
2
(same unit as in
item 3)
(same unit as in
item 3)
(same unit as in
item 3)
(same unit as in
item 3)
unit
pcs
pcs
(as needed)
(as needed)
(as needed)
Cartography
Laboratory Exercises
1. Plotting of Points
a. by polar coordinates
b. by plane coordinates
2. Preparation of Mining Survey Plan
Specifications
Drafting
Machine
Pantograph
Minimum
Required
Quantity
Units
5
units
5
units
Programmable
Calculator (*)
3. Methods of Construction of Relief
Map
4. Preparation of Hydrographic Map
5. Preparation of Boundary and Index
Map
6. Preparation of Thematic Map
Tracing Paper
(LMS Format)
(as needed)
5
8. Use of Tools and Equipment
Photogrammetry 1
Laboratory Exercises
1. Photo Scale Determination
2. Photo Tilt Determination
3. Flight Planning
4. Photo Evaluation
5. Use of Stereoscope
Specifications
Topographic
maps, 1:50,000
Aerial
photographs (*)
Aerial
photographs (*)
Topographic
maps, 1:50,000
Crab and
overlap templet
Pocket
stereoscope
Mirror
Stereoscope
with parallax
bar
Aerial
photographs (*)
Minimum
Required
Quantity
Units
(as needed)
(as needed)
(as needed)
(as needed)
(as needed)
10
pcs
2
pcs
(as needed)
6. Photo Processing (optional)
7. Construction of an Uncontrolled
Photo Mosaic (optional )
Aerial
photographs (*)
Photomaterials
(as needed)
* Note:
 (*) maybe acquired from NAMRIA
Photogrammetry 2
Laboratory Exercises
1. Simulated Empirical Relative
Orientation
2. Photo Control Point Selection
Specifications
Aerial
photographs (*)
Minimum
Required
Quantity
Units
(as needed)
6
3. Graphical Absolute Orientation
4. Coordinate Transformation
a. Helmert
b. Affine
5. Simple Mapping Exercise
Programmable
Calculator
1
Mirror
stereoscope and
parallax bar
1
pc
Specifications
Minimum
Required
Quantity
Units
1
pc
1
pc
1
1
pc
pc
1/5
pc
1/5
pc
1
pc
Minimum
Required
Quantity
Units
6. Aerial Triangulation Adjustment
Remote Sensing
Laboratory Exercises
1. Stereophoto Orientation and
Delineation of Project Area
2. Recognition of Ground Cover
Condition
3. Determination of Area (Hectarage
on the
Aerial Photo)
4. Surface Drainage Pattern Analysis
5. Slope Analysis and Plotting
Mirror
stereoscope
Mirror
stereoscope
Dot grid templet
Planimeter
Mirror/Pocket
stereoscope
Mirror/Pocket
Stereoscope
Mirror
Stereoscope
6. Land Use Mapping
Geodetic Surveying
Laboratory Exercises
1. Design of a Triangulation Network
2. Baseline Measurement
Specifications
Topo map, scale
1:50,000 (as
needed)
Level, precision,
Theodolite, 1”
Steel tape, 100m
Spring balance
(as needed)
1
1
2
2
unit
unit
pcs
pcs
7
3. Observation of Horizontal
Direction,
Theodolite, 1"
Plumb bob
Target tripod
1
unit
4. Reciprocal Zenith Distance
Observation
Theodolite, 1"
Target tripod
1
unit
5. Computation of Field Data
(Quadrilateral or Polygon)
Programmable
Calculator (*)
Minimum
Required
Quantity
5
Units
10
pcs
3
pcs
5
pcs
5
Units
10
3
5
pcs
pcs
pcs
5
units
10
5
pcs
pcs
Mine Surveying
Laboratory Exercises
1. Location Surveys Using One of the
following:
a. Lode patent survey
b. Lode location survey
c. Mill site patent survey
d. Placer location survey
e. Placer patent survey
f. Mine boundary survey
g. Insular mineral reserve survey
h. Lode lease survey
i. Placer lease survey
j. Mill site location survey
k. Sand, gravel & stone permit
survey
2. Discovery and Location Post
Surveys
3. Surface to Underground Survey
Specifications
Engineer's
transit 1' least
reading
Stadia rod
Steel tape, 50m
Plumb bob
Engineer's
transit 1' least
reading
Stadia rods
Steel tape, 50m
Plumb bob
Engineer's
transit 1' least
reading
Stadia rods
Plumb bob
units
8
4. Tunnel Location Survey
Engineer's
transit 1' least
reading
Stadia rods
Steel tape, 50m
Plumb bob
5
units
10
3
5
pcs
pcs
pcs
Minimum
Required
Quantity
5
10
Units
5
10
5
10
5
5 or 1
units
pcs
units
pcs
pcs
unit
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
pcs
pcs
pcs
unit
pcs
pcs
pcs
Hydrography
Laboratory Exercises
Specifications
1. Test of Leveling Instrument
Precise Level
Leveling rods
2. Running a Level Line and Field
Computation
3. River Crossing Method
Precise Level
Leveling rods
Precise Level
Leveling rods
Lead line
Transit, 1' or
theodolite, 1”
Sextant
3 arm protractor
Levelling rods
Precise Level
Sextant
Lead line
3 arm Protractor
4. Hydrographic Survey
5. Preparation of Hydrographic Map
* Note:
 For Item 4 (alternate requirements)
Hydrographic Survey
Electronic Total Station
Single-prison (1-km range)
Echo sounder
Lead line
 For Item 5 (alternate requirements)
Preparation of Hydrograhic
Map
Computer (PC) Pentium 4
Survey Software
units
pcs
1
2
1
1
unit
pcs
unit
unit
1
1
unit
set
9
Geodetic Astronomy
Laboratory Exercises
1. Determination of Azimuth by:
a. Zenith distance of a star
b. Circumpolar star at greatest
elongation
2. Determination of Latitude by:
a. Meridian zenith distance of a star
b. Circum-meridian zenith distance
of a star
3. Determination of Time by:
a. Zenith distance of star
b. Star transit using theodolite
Specifications
Theodolite, 1”
Prismatic
eyepiece
Striding level
(optional)
Air thermometer
Aneroid
barometer
Theodolite, 1"
Prismatic
eyepiece
Striding level
(optional)
Air thermometer
Aneroid
barometer
Theodolite 1”
Minimum
Required
Quantity
2
2
Units
2
pcs
2
2
pcs
pcs
2
2
pcs
pcs
2
pcs
2
pcs
2
pcs
2
4. Determination of Longitude by:
a. Chronometer time or radio time
signals
b. Transportation of time pieces
pcs
pcs
pcs
2
pcs
Minimum
Required
Quantity
Units
Engineer's
transit, 1’
5
units
Steel tape, 50m
Steel tape, 100m
Range poles
Chaining pins
3
2
10
5
pcs
pcs
pcs
sets
Construction and Industrial Surveys
Laboratory Exercises
1. Laying Out of:
a. simple curve
b. compound and reverse curve
c. spiral curve
2. Laying Out Vertical Parabolic
Curves
Specifications
10
3. Profiling & Cross Sectioning
4. Slope Staking
5. Laying Out of Drainage Facilities
Building,
Pipeline Canals,
Underground Conduits, and other
Infrastructural Projects
6. Determination of Areas of CrossSection and Volumes of
Earthwork
Engineer's
transit, 1'
Precision Level
Range poles
Leveling rods
Engineer's
transit, 1'
Precision Level
Range poles
Leveling rods
Steel tape, 30 m
or 50 m
Engineer's
transit, 1'
Plumb bob
Steel tape, 50 m
or 100 m
Range poles
Chaining pins
Precision Level
Stadia rods
Programmable
calculator (*)
5
units
5
10
10
units
pcs
pcs
5
pcs
5
10
10
units
pcs
pcs
5
pcs
5
units
5
pcs
3
2
10
5
5
10
pcs
pcs
pcs
sets
units
pcs
Minimum
Required
Quantity
Units
7. Preparation of Mass Diagram
Geodetic Computations & Adjustments
Laboratory Exercises
1. Least squares adjustment by
observation equations/indirect
method
2. Least squares adjustment by
condition equations/direct method
3. Curve fitting
4. Adjustment of level networks
5. Adjustment of triangulation
networks
Specifications
Programmable
Calculator
Programmable
Calculator
Programmable
Calculator
Programmable
Calculator
Programmable
Calculator
(as needed)
(as needed)
(as needed)
(as needed)
(as needed)
11
6. Adjustment of traverse
Programmable
Calculator
(as needed)
Development Planning
Laboratory Exercises
Project or Research
Specifications
Computer (PC)
Pentium 4
Minimum
Required
Quantity
Units
1
set
Minimum
Required
Quantity
1
Units
1
set
Minimum
Required
Quantity
1
Units
1
set
1
set
1
set
Special Studies in Geodetic Engineering
Laboratory Exercises
Project or Research
Specifications
Computer (PC)
Programmable
Calculator
set
Geographic Information System
Laboratory Exercises
Specifications
1. Introduction to GIS software
Computer (PC)
Pentium 4
GIS Software
2. Spatial data preparation
3. Spatial data querying and display
Computer (PC)
Pentium 4
GIS Software
set
4. Database design
12
5. Spatial Analysis
6. Visualization in GIS
Computer (PC)
Pentium 4
GIS Software
Computer (PC)
Pentium 4
GIS Software
1
set
1
1
set
set
1
set
13