Name: ____________________________ Period: _______
Cell Reproduction and DNA Replication Study Guide
The Cell Cycle and Mitosis:
1. You should be able to identify all the phases pictured below. Also you should know what events
occur in each of the phases.
1. Name of phase: _____________________
Events: _____________________________________________
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2. Name of phase: _____________________
Events: ____________________________________________
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3. Name of phase: _____________________
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4. Name of phase: _____________________
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2. What type of cell division is pictured above? _____________________________________
3. What happens after telophase in this process? ____________________________________
4. In the pictures above is a plant or animal cell dividing? _____________________________
How do you know? _________________________________________________________
5. Review what is a haploid numbers (n) versus a diploid numbers (2n).
6. Be able to explain what is happening in the picture below.
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7. In the picture above, does this event happen in mitosis or meiosis? ___________________
8. What benefit does the event pictured above provide to species?
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9. Know what the end product of mitosis is. ____________________________________________
10. What type of cells divide through mitosis ____________________________________________
11. Know what the end product of meiosis is ____________________________________________
12. What type of cells divide through meiosis____________________________________________
13. Know what A and B represent in the picture below.
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B. ______________________________
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A. ______________________________
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14. Pictured below is the cell_cycle. You should know the names of phases A, B, C, and D. Also what
happens in each phase, especially
the 5 sub-phases in phase D. Also know the name given to phases
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A, B, and C combined. _
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a. Name of each phase:_
A: _________
C: _________
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B: _________
D: ________
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_ D:
b. 5 sub-phases of phase
1. _______________
4. _____________
_
2. _______________
5. _____________
3. _______________
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c. Name given to phases
_ A, B, and C combined: __________________________
_
d. What type of cell division occurs during phase D of the cell cycle? _________________
_
15. Know the four phases of _mitosis and briefly state the events of each phase.
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a. ___________________:
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b. ___________________:
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c. ___________________:
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d. ___________________:
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16. What happens during cytokinesis?
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17. Know the similarities and differences between mitosis and meiosis.
Similarities:
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Differences:
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18. Know all the phases of Meiosis I and Meiosis II in order, begin with Interphase and end with
Cytokinesis. Know the events that occur in each phase.
a. Interphase:
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b. ____________________:
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c. ____________________:
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d. ____________________:
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e.
____________________:
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f. ____________________:
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g.____________________:
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h. ____________________:
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i. ____________________:
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j. ____________________:
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k. Cytokinesis II:
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19. When cells lose their ability to control their growth rate what condition/disease could possibly
develop? _________________________________
20. What regulates cell division? __________________________________________
Cell Reproduction and DNA Replication:
1. The Structure of DNA
a. What three parts make up a nucleotide?
______________________________________________________________________________
b. How many nitrogenous bases are there? What are they called?
______________________________________________________________________________
c.
What is the backbone of DNA composed of? _________________________________________
d. What types of bonds hold together the nitrogenous bases? _____________________________
e. What types of bonds hold together the backbone to the bases? __________________________
2. Which nitrogenous bases have two-rings and what are they called?
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3. Which have one-ring and what are they called?
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4. What did Edwin Chargaff discover?
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5. What did this discovery lead to the establishment of?
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6. Who discovered the shape of a DNA molecule? __________________________________________
7. In what year did they make their discovery? _______________________________
8. What is the process called that allows DNA to duplicate itself? ______________________________
9. Why does replication need to occur?
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10. What are the results at the end of DNA replication?
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11. Where does DNA replicate itself in prokaryotes? And how does it happen?
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12. Where does DNA replicate itself in eukaryotes? And how does it happen?
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13. Explain what happens when DNA replicates, be sure to include the enzymes used and the type of
bonds that are broken.
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Meiosis and Cell Reproduction:
1. What major advantage does sexual reproduction give an organism over asexual reproduction?
2. What happens if non-disjunction occurs?
3. Explain how cytokinesis is different between animal and plant cells.
4. Know what happens to chromosome numbers in all the phases of meiosis.
5. A laboratory technique called polymerase chain reaction (PCR) produces millions of copies of a DNA
molecule in only a few hours. PCR is most similar to which of the following cellular processes?
A. mitosis
B. replication
C. transcription
D. translocation