Grand River Collegiate Institute: Physical Geography
Geosphere Unit Review
Format:
Matching, Multiple Choice, Short Answers
Topics:
1) Rocks and Minerals (page 86-90)
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Characteristics, types, Rock cycle
2) Plate Tectonics (page 95-104)
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Plates, Types of plate boundaries, location of “Ring of Fire”
3) Seismic Activity (page 121-131)
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How earthquakes occur, measuring seismic activity
Types of waves, magnitude, faults
Vancouver
Earthquake Review Crossword
4) Volcanoes (page 107-116)
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3 types of magma, silica content, viscosity
3 types of volcanoes and examples of each, hot spots
Features (diagram – conduit, chamber, fumarole….)
Why Iceland has so much geothermal energy
5) Tsunami (page 132-135)
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Causes, warning system
6) Weathering and Erosion (page 140-148)
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Physical vs. Chemical, rates, damage, mass-wasting
Caves – process
7) Topographic Maps
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Contours, features, how to read them
Review Questions:
1) You should know the following key terms and what they mean (definition):
Weathering (physical vs.
Fumaroles, conduit, ash
chemical)
cloud, magma chamber
Rocks and Minerals
Topographic map
Igneous, Metamorphic,
Geographic Information
Sedimentary
Systems Map (GIS)
Mass Wasting
Earthquake
Contour lines, intervals
Seismology
Magma
Focus, Epicentre
Plate Tectonics
Faults
2) List four important characteristics of a mineral.
P, S, surface waves
Erosion
Shield, composite, cinder
volcanoes
Tsunami
Richter Scale
Stalactites
Stalagmites
3) Illustrate the rock cycle. Use terms igneous, metamorphic, sedimentary, weathering & erosion,
magma melting, solidification, deposition.
Grand River Collegiate Institute: Physical Geography
4) Complete the following:
Seismic waves
5) Complete the following diagram.
6) Topographic Maps
a. What is the contour interval?
_________
b. Shade in the highest peak
c. Use a dotted line to show where
you think a river is.
d. Use an arrow to show which
way the river is flowing.
e. Add bold index lines every 500m
f. Add a depression right here.
7) Why is Vancouver likely to experience a major earthquake (include background information on
seismic activity, geology in the area).
8) Describe one major tsunami event (area affected, date, cause, damage) discussed in class.
Grand River Collegiate Institute: Physical Geography
9) Try these short snappers:
a. How were the Rocky Mountains formed? _______________________________________
b. Rocks made from heat and pressure are ________________________________________
c. Type of Plate Boundary: Sea floor spreading? _______________________ Oceancontinent subduction? ________________ Sliding past each other? __________________
d. Where is the “Ring of Fire” located? __________________________________________
e. The hotter the magma, the ___________________ the viscosity. The higher the silica
content, the ______________ viscosity, the more violent the eruption.
f. List 3 types of volcanoes and example of each:
i. __________________________________ Ex. ____________________________
ii. __________________________________ Ex. ____________________________
iii. __________________________________ Ex. ____________________________
g. The point beneath the surface where movement originates during an earthquake. ________
h. What and where is ‘Supervolcano’? ___________________________________________
i. Major hazards of a ‘grey’ eruption: ____________________________________________
j. Volcanic mudflow/landslide: ________________________
k. P waves travel _____________ than S waves and Surface waves.
l. Waves that can travel through solids and liquids: ________________________________
m. Waves responsible for shaking during an earthquake: _____________________________
n. Best soil medium to build on to avoid liquefaction: _______________________________
o. Used to measure an earthquakes intensity. ______________________________________
p. Plate boundary you find shallow-focus earthquakes? ____________ Deep-focus? _______
q. List 3 things that can trigger a tsunami: _______________________________________,
____________________________________, ___________________________________
r. You can/cannot (circle correct answer) detect tsunamis’ in open water.
s. At warning sign of a tsunami? _______________________________________________
t. The downslope movement of soil, rock and organic materials as a result of the pull of
gravity. __________________________________________
u. Example of Chemical weathering:_____________________________________________
v. Example of Physical weathering:______________________________________________
w. As calcite builds up over time it can lead to ____________________ on the ceiling of the
cave or ___________________________ on the cave floor. When the two meet, a
_____________________ is created.
x. What do hachures on contour lines indicate? ____________________________________
y. The ______________ the contours are to each other, the __________________ the slope.
z. Mountains are being worn down by ____________, _____________ and _____________