5-3 Notes: Mixtures
All mixtures share certain properties. A mixture is a combination of two or
more substances that are not chemically combined.
No chemical change happens when a mixture is made. Each substance in a
mixture keeps its identity. In some mixtures, you can see each of the
components. In other mixtures, such as salt water, you cannot see all the
components.
Not all mixtures are easy to separate. Mixtures can be separated by physical
means such as filtration and distillation. One way to separate salt from water
is to heat the mixture until the water evaporates.
A compound is made of elements that are mixed in a specific mass ratio.
However, the components of a mixture do not need to be mixed in a definite
ratio.
A solution is a homogeneous mixture that appears to be a single substance.
A solution is composed of particles of two or more substances that are
distributed evenly among each other. Solutions have the same appearance
and properties throughout the mixture.
The process in which particles of substances separate and spread evenly
throughout a mixture is called dissolving. In solutions, the solute is the
substance that is dissolved. The solvent is the substance in which the solute
is dissolved and is present in the largest amount. A solute must be soluble, or
able to dissolve, in the solvent. A substance that is insoluble, or unable to
dissolve, forms a mixture that is not a solution.
Solutions are not all liquids. Solutions may also be gases or solids.
A measure of the amount of solute dissolved in a given amount of solvent is
concentration. Solutions can be described as being concentrated or dilute. In
two solutions with the same amount of solvent, the one with less solute is
dilute and the one with more solute is concentrated.
Solubility refers to the ability of a solute to dissolve in a solvent at a certain
temperature.
Unit 2 (Ch.5) - Structure of Matter
Bach
10//05/09
Section 5-3 Review
1. What is a mixture?
A mixture is a combination of two or more substances that are not
chemically combined.
2. List three examples of physical means by which a mixture
can be separated.
Mixtures can be separated by physical means such as distillation,
filtration, and evaporation.
3. What is a solution?
A solution is a homogeneous mixture throughout which two or
more substances are uniformly dispersed. It appears to be a single
substance.
4. What is the difference between solute and solvent?
Solute is the substance that is present in less amount in a solution
and is dissolved in the solvent.
Solvent is the substance in which the solute dissolves and that is
present in greater amount in a solution.
5. What is concentration?
Concentration is the amount of particular substance in a given
quantity of a mixture, solution, or ore.
6. Identify the solute and solvent in a solution of 15 mL of
oxygen and 5 mL of helium,
Oxygen is the solvent and helium is the solute.
Unit 2 (Ch.5) - Structure of Matter
Bach
10//05/09
5-3 Notes: Mixtures
All __________ share certain properties. A mixture is a ________________
of two or more substances that are _____ chemically combined.
No __________ change happens when a mixture is made. Each substance in
a mixture keeps its ___________. In some mixtures, you can see each of the
______________. In other mixtures, such as ______ ________, you cannot
see all the components.
Not all ___________ are easy to separate. Mixtures can be separated by
physical means such as filtration and distillation. One way to separate salt
from water is to heat the mixture until the water _________________.
A _____________ is made of elements that are mixed in a specific mass
ratio. However, the components of a ____________ do not need to be mixed
in a definite ratio.
A ____________ is a homogeneous mixture that appears to be a single
substance. A solution is composed of particles of two or more substances
that are _____________ evenly among each other. Solutions have the same
________________ and properties throughout the mixture.
The process in which particles of substances separate and spread evenly
throughout a mixture is called _____________. In solutions, the ________ is
the substance that is dissolved. The _________ is the substance in which the
solute is dissolved and is present in the largest amount. A solute must be
__________, or able to dissolve, in the solvent. A substance that is
_____________, or unable to dissolve, forms a mixture that is not a solution.
Solutions are not all liquids. Solutions may also be ________ or solids.
A measure of the amount of solute dissolved in a given amount of solvent is
__________________. Solutions can be described as being concentrated or
__________. In two solutions with the same amount of __________, the one
with less solute is dilute and the one with more solute is concentrated.
______________ refers to the ability of a solute to dissolve in a solvent at a
certain temperature.
Unit 2 (Ch.5) - Structure of Matter
Bach
10//05/09
Section 5-3 Review
1. What is a mixture?
2. List three examples of physical means by which a mixture
can be separated.
3. What is a solution?
4. What is the difference between solute and solvent?
5. What is concentration?
6. Identify the solute and solvent in a solution of 15 mL of
oxygen and 5 mL of helium,
Unit 2 (Ch.5) - Structure of Matter
Bach
10//05/09