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Short Course Volume 35
Exploration
for Platinum-Group Element Deposits
latinum-group elements have risen to prominence in recent years both as
extremely valuable commodities and as sensitive geochemical tracers of
processes in the mantle and crust of the Earth. There is growing recognition that
the next giant PGE discovery may well be in a completely different geotectonic
setting than currently recognized "conventional" deposits. Designed to bridge the gap
between academic research and modern exploration practice, this book is the result of an
international collaboration among industry, government, and academic scientists. The
book is designed to appeal both to the practising exploration geologist and to the academic, and should be accessible to any reader
with a senior undergraduate education in geology.
The volume begins with reviews of the magmatic (Mungall) and hydrothermal (Hanley) geochemistry of the platinum-group elements, and
progresses through descriptive ore deposit models for stratiform deposits in layered intrusions (Cawthorn), marginal 'contact'-type deposits (Iljina
& Lee), supergene effects (Oberthür & Melcher), placers (Tolstykh et al.), hydrothermal deposits (Wilde), Sudbury footwall deposits (Farrow et
al.), conduit-hosted deposits (Arndt), and porphyry deposits (Economou-Eliopoulos). The next section is devoted to exploration methods,
beginning with a discussion of economic and geological considerations in planning exploration programs, followed by chapters outlining the use
of geophysical (Balch), geochemical (Cameron & Hattori) and lithogeochemical (Maier and Barnes) techniques to detect PGE deposits. The book
ends with a series of case histories detailing the methods and data used to discover or bring into production several major PGE deposits including
Fedorov-Pana (Mitrofanov et al.), Nickel Rim (McLean et al.), Lac Des Iles (Lavigne et al.), the J-M Reef (Zientek et al.), the Hartley Mine, Great
Dyke (Wilson and Brown), the Platinova Reef (Nielsen et al.) and Sukhoi Log (Distler & Yudovskaya).
Edited by James E. Mungall
ISBN 0-921294-35-2 - SC 35, 526 pages, 2005
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Short-Course Volume 35
EXPLORATION
for PLATINUM-GROUP ELEMENT DEPOSITS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction
GEOCHEMISTRY OF PLATINUM-GROUP ELEMENTS
1. Magmatic Geochemistry of the Platinum-Group Elements
J.E. Mungall
2.
The Aqueous Geochemistry of the Platinum-Group Elements (PGE) in Surficial, Low-T Hydrothermal and High-T Magmatic-Hydrothermal Environments
J.J. Hanley
xvi
1-34
35-56
DESCRIPTIVE PLATINUM-GROUP ELEMENT ORE DEPOSIT MODELS – PRECIOUS-METAL-DOMINANT
3.
Stratiform Platinum-Group Element Deposits in Layered Intrusions
R.G. Cawthorn
57-73
4.
PGE Deposits in the Marginal Series of Layered Intrusions
M.J. Iljina, C.A. Lee
75-96
5.
PGE and PGM in the Supergene Environment: A Case Study of Persistence
and Redistribution in the Main Sulfide Zone of The Great Dyke, Zimbabwe
T. Oberthür, F. Melcher
97-111
6.
Platinum-Group Element Placers Associated with Ural-Alaska-type Complexes
N.D. Tolstykh, E.G. Sidorov, A.P. Krivenko
113-143
7.
Descriptive Ore Deposit Models: Hydrothermal and Supergene Pt & Pd Deposits
A. Wilde
145-161
DESCRIPTIVE PLATINUM-GROUP ELEMENT ORE DEPOSIT MODELS – BASE-METAL-DOMINANT
8.
Sudbury Cu(Ni)-PGE Systems: Refining the Classification Using McCreedy West Mine and
Podolsky Project Case Studies
C.E.G. Farrow, J.O. Everest, D.M. King, C. Jolette
163-180
9.
The Conduits of Magmatic Ore Deposits
N.T. Arndt
181-201
10.
Platinum-Group Element Potential of Porphyry Deposits
M. Economou-Eliopoulos
203-245
EXPLORATION METHODS
11. Platinum-Group Elements Exploration: Economic Considerations and Geological Criteria
A. Green, D. Peck
247-274
12.
The Geophysical Signatures of Platinum-Group Element Deposits
S. J. Balch
275-285
13.
Platinum-Group Elements in Geochemical Exploration
E.M. Cameron, K.H. Hattori
287-307
14.
Application of Lithogeochemistry to Exploration for PGE Deposits
W.D. Maier, S.-J. Barnes
309-341
CASE HISTORIES
15. Fedorov-Pana Layered Mafic Intrusion, (Kola Peninsula, Russia): Approaches, Methods,
and Criteria for Prospecting PGEs
F.P. Mitrofanov, A.U. Korghagin, K.O. Dudkin, T.V. Rundkvist
343-358
16.
The Discovery and Characterization of the Nickel Rim South Deposit; Sudbury Ontario
S.A. McLean, K.H. Straub, K.M. Stevens
359-368
17.
Discovery and Geology of the Lac Des Iles Palladium Deposits
M.J. Lavigne, M.J. Michaud, J. Rickard
369-390
18.
Geochemical Surveys of Soil and Talus Fines and the Discovery of the J-M Reef, Stillwater Complex, Montana
M.L. Zientek, S.R. Corson, R.D. West
391-407
19.
Exploration and Mining of the Main Sulphide Zone of the Great Dyke, Zimbabwe
Case Study of the Hartley Platinum Mine
A.H. Wilson, R.T. Brown
409-429
20.
The Platinova Reef of the Skaergaard Intrusion
T.F.D. Nielsen, J.C.O. Andersen, C.K. Brooks
431-455
21.
Polymetallic PGE-Au Mineralization of the Sukhoi Log Deposit, Russia
V.V. Distler, M.A. Yudovskaya
457-485
22.
Ni–Cu–Cr–PGE Mineralization Types: Distribution and Classification
O. R. Eckstrand
487-493
Index
495