Chapter 4 Study Guide
Global Climates & Biomes
Key Terms:
Climate
Troposphere
Stratosphere
Albedo
Saturation Point
Adiabatic Cooling
Adiabatic Heating
Latent Heat Release
Hadley Cells
Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)
Polar Cells
Coriolis Effect
Woodland/Shrubland
Savannas
Littoral Zone
Phytoplankton
Benthic Zone
Mangrove Swamps
Coral Reefs
Photic Zone
Chemosynthesis
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Grye
Upwelling
Thermohaline Circulation
El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO)
Rain Shadow
Biomes
Permafrost
Boreal Forests
Temperate Rainforests
Temperate Seasonal Forests
Tropical Rainforest
Tropical Seasonal Forest
Temperate grassland/Cold Desert
Subtropical Deserts
Limnetic Zone
Profundal Zone
Salt Marshes
Intertidal Zone
Coral Bleaching
Aphotic Zone
Chaparral
Explain the forces that drive global circulation patterns.
How do global circulation patterns determine weather and climate?
Describe in detail the major terrestrial biomes.
Describe in detail the major aquatic biomes.
Describe the structure of the atmosphere focusing on temperature changes and
what causes them.
6. What is the difference between weather and climate?
7. What is cause and effect of the Coriolis effect?
8. Where are the three storm generating areas on Earth?
9. What latitude are deserts predominately located?
10. Contrast high-pressure systems and low-pressure systems.
11. What are the global wind systems and their associated atmospheric circulation
cells?
12. What are the three ways in which the Earth is unevenly heated?
13. What is a rain shadow?
14. How are gyres formed?
15. Explain ENSO and it’s effect on ecosystems and climate of the continents
surrounding the Pacific Ocean.
16. How is upwelling different than thermohaline circulation?
17. How do ocean currents affect temperature of nearby landmasses?
18. Be able to interpret a climate diagram for each biome (see Fig 4.18).
19. What characteristic are used to identify terrestrial biomes?
20. What are some adaptations organisms have to survive in each terrestrial biome?
21. What characteristic of a terrestrial biome determine it’s productivity?
22. How are aquatic biomes categorized?
23. Why are aquatic biomes categorized differently than terrestrial biomes?
24. What are the different zones of lakes and the open ocean and what defines
them?
25. How does water depth or flow influence the organisms that live in the aquatic
biome?
Free Response Questions (FRQ):
1.
Read the article below and answer the questions that follow.
(a) Describe what an El Niño is and clearly indicate where it occurs.
(b) Describe the connection between the climate change associated with an
El Niño and the transmission of diseases. Explain whether the article is
correct in its reporting of the various disease epidemics that occur in
response to an El Niño.
(c) People in what part of the world would be most likely to be affected by this
link between El Niño and disease?
(d) Clearly describe two other important environmental problems associated
with ENSOs.